Math Vocabulary

Frequency Table

a table used to graph data values into intervals; shows the number of times each value occurs

Consonant

a term that has a number but no variable

Histogram

a type of bar graph that shows continuous data and the frequency of the data in equal intervals

Mode

a value that occurs most often

Dot Plot

a visual display in which the frequency of each piece of data is represented by a dot on a number line

Tree Diagram

a visual representation of all the possible outcomes of an event

Composite Number

a whole number greater than 1 with more than two factors

Prime Number

a whole number greater than 1, with only two factors, 1 and itself

Compound Event

consists of the outcomes of 2 or more events

Unit Rate

a rate where the denominator is 1

Perimeter

the sum of the lengths of the sides of a shape

Fundamental Counting Principle (FCP)

used to find the total number of outcomes with coumpound events

Relatively Prime

when the GCF of two or more numbers is 1

Independent Events

when the outcome of one event has no effect on the outcome of the other

Dependent Events

when the outcome of one event is affected by the outcome of the other

Prime Factorization

when you write a composite number as a product of prime numbers

Factor Pairs

2 factors whose product equals the original number

Order of Operations

a 4 step rule used to simplify expressions that everyone follows to get the same answer

Ratio

a comparison of two quantities

Box-and-whisker-plot

a data display that organizes data values into 4 parts, showing how spread out the data are

Terminating Decimal

a decimal that ends and has no pattern of repeating digits

Repeating Decimal

a decimal that goes on forever and has a pattern of repeating digits that repeat forever

Non-repeating Non-terminating decimal

a decimal that never ends and has no digits that repeat in a pettern

Improper Fraction

a fraction in which the numerator is greater than the denominator

Variable

a letter representing an unknown value

Chord

a line segment that has both endpoints on the circle

Identity Property

the identity property gives you back the same number you started with

Median

the middle value when the values are written in order from least to greatest

Reciprocal

the multiplicative inverse of a number, which can be found by switching the numerator and denominator

Coefficient

the number being multiplied by a variable

Area

the number of square units needed to cover a shape

Outcomes

the possible results of an experiment

Multiple

the product of the given number and another number

Least Common Multiple (LCM)

the smallest common multiple of two or more numbers

Volume

the space inside a 3-D figure

Mean (average)

the sum of the values divided by the number of values

Opposites

two numbers that are the same distance from zero on the number line, but on opposite sides of zero

Factors

2 numbers multiplied by each other to make another number one number is a factor of another if it divides into that number with no remainder

Stem-and-leaf-plot

a data display that helps you see how data are distributed

Radius

a line segment that has 1 endpoint at the center of the circle and the other endpoint on the circle

Diameter

a line segment that has both endpoints on the circle and passes through the center of the circle

Sample Space

a list of all the possible outcomes of an event

Expression

a mathematical sentence without an equal sign

Mixed Number

a number made of a whole number and a fraction

Equation

a number sentence with an equal sign showing 2 expressions are equal

Absolute Value

a number's distance from zero on a number line

Ordered Pair

a pair of numbers written in the form of (x,y) and can be represented by a point on a coordinate plane

Experimental Probability

a probability that is based on repeated trials of an experiment

Rate

a ratio of two quantities that have different units

Proportional Relaationship

a relationship in which two quantities have a constant ratio

Scale Drawing

a sketch that is similar to the real object it represents

Exponent

a small number on the top right of a base number, telling you how many times to multiply that base number by itself

Inequality

a statement with a symbol of <, ≤, >, ≥ between expressions

Natural Numbers (counting numbers)

all of the counting numbers (only count positive) no fractions or decimals

Proportion

an equation that states two ratios are equal

Zero Property of Multiplication

any number multiplied by zero is zero

Rational Numbers

can be written as a fraction where the denominator is not 0 can be written as a repeating or terminating decimal

Irrational Numbers

cannot be written as a terminating or repeating decimals consist of decimals that are both non-terminating and non-repeating cannot be written as a fraction

Commutative Property

changing the order of the numbers does not change the answer

Associative Property

changing the way the numbers are grouped does not change the answer

Integers

consist of all the negative whole numbers added to the list of whole numbers

Whole Numbers

consist of zero added to the list of natural/counting numbers

Term

each part of an expression

Equivalent Expressions

expressions that give the same result when the same values are substituted for the variables

Similar Figures

figures that have the same shape but not necessarily the same size

Inverse Property

inverse gives you back the identity

Equally Likely

outcomes of an experiment that have the same probability of occuring

Like Terms

terms that have the same variables raised to the same power

Perfect Square

the answer from squaring a whole number

Surface Area

the area of the exterior surface of a 3-D figure

Theoretical Probability

the chance that an event will occur

Range

the difference between the largest and smallest values

Interquartile Range (IQR)

the difference of the upper quartile and the lower quartile

Circumference

the distance around the circle area

Greatest Common Factor (GCF)

the greatest number that is a factor of two or more numbers