Med Surg. 2 Exam 2 Book Questions

a nurse applies an ostomy appliance to a client who is recovering from ileostomy surgery. Which intervention should the nurse utilize to prevent leakage from the appliance? a. ask the client to remain inactive for 5 minutes b. ensure that there are no holes in the pouch c. press the adhesive faceplate from the stomal edge inward d. ensure that no air is trapped in the pouch

a. ask the client to remain inactive for 5 minutes

Which is an accurate statement regarding cancer of the esophagus a. it is 3x more common in women than men in the US b. chronic irritation of the esophagus is a known risk factor c. it is seen more frequently in caucasian americans than in african americans d. it usually occur in the fourth decade of life

b. chronic irritation of the esophagus is a known risk factor

a nurse is gathering equipment and preparing to assist with a sterile bedside procedure to withdraw fluid from a client's abdomen. The procedure tray contains the following equipment: trocar, syringe, needles, and drainage tube. The client is placed in high fowler position and a blood pressure cuff is secured around the arm in preparation for which procedure a. abdominal ultrasound b. paracentesis c. liver biopsy d. dialysis

b. paracentesis

The nurse is preparing to assess the donor site of a client who underwent a myocutaneous flap after radical neck dissection. The nurse prepares to assess the most commonly used muscle for this surgery. Which muscle should the nurse assess? a. sternomastoid b. pectoralis major c. biceps d. trapezius

b. pectoralis major

The nurse teaches the client with GERD which measure to manage the disease a. minimize intake of caffeine, beer, milk, and foods containing peppermint or spearmint b. eat a low-carb diet c. avoid eating or drinking 2 hours before bedtime d. elevate the foot of the bed on a 6-8 inch blocks

c. avoid eating or drinking 2 hours before bedtime

when caring for a client with advanced cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy, which assessment finding should the nurse report immediately a. constipation for more than 2 days b. anorexia for more than 3 days c. change in the clients handwriting and/or cognitive performance d. weight loss of 2 pounds in 3 days

c. change in the clients handwriting and/or cognitive performance

which ulcer is associated with extensive burn injury a. duodenal ulcer b. peptic ulcer c. curling ulcer d. cushing ulcer

c. curling ulcer

which term refers to the first portion of the small intestine a. omentum b. pylorus c. duodenum d. peritoneum

c. duodenum

Diet therapy for clients diagnosed with IBS includes a. fluids with meals b. caffeinated products c. high fiber diet d. spicy foods

c. high fiber diet

Clients diagnosed with esophageal varices are at risk for hemorrhagic shock. Which is a sign of potential hypovolemia a. warm moist skin b. polyuria c. hypotension d. bradycardia

c. hypotension

Crohn's disease is a condition of malabsorption caused by which pathophysiological process? a. infectious disease b. gastric resection c. inflammation of all layers of intestinal mucosa d. disaccharidase deficiency

c. inflammation of all layers of intestinal mucosa

the nurse working in the recovery room is caring for a client who had a radical neck dissection. The nurse notices that the client makes a coarse, high-pitched sound upon inspiration. Which intervention by the nurse is appropriate? a. document the presence of stridor b. lower the head of the bed c. notify the physician d. administer a breathing treatment

c. notify the physician

the nurse is assessing a client with gastric cancer. The nurse anticipates that the assessment will reveal which finding a. abdominal pain below the umbilicus b. weight gain c. increased appetite d. bloating after meals

d. bloating after meals

when caring for a client with cirrhosis, which symptoms should the nurse report immediately? a. fatigue and weight loss b. diarrhea or constipation c. anorexia and dyspepsia d. change in mental status

d. change in mental status

Which is the primary symptom of achalasia a. pulmonary symptoms b. chest pain c. heartburn d. difficulty swallowing

d. difficulty swallowing

a client is being treated for diverticulosis. Which information should the nurse include in this clients teaching plan? a. use laxatives or enemas at least once a week b. avoid daily exercise; indulge only in mild activity c. avoid unprocessed bran in the diet d. drink at least 8 to 10 large glasses of fluid every day

d. drink at least 8 to 10 large glasses of fluid every day

The most common symptom of esophageal disease is a. nausea b. vomiting c. odynophagia d. dysphagia

d. dysphagia

Halitosis and a sour taste in the mouth are clinical manifestations associated most directly with a. achalasia b. hiatal hernia c. gastroesophageal reflux d. esophageal diverticula

d. esophageal diverticula

which medication is classified as a histamine-2 receptor antagonist a. metronidazole d. lansoprazole c. esmoeprazole d. famotidine

d. famotidine

the nurse in the ED is admitting a client with bloody stools. The nurse documents this finding as a. melena b. tarry stools c. steatorrhea d. hematochezia

d. hematochezia

which condition indicates an overdose of lactulose a. fecal impaction b. constipation c. hypoactive bowel sounds d. watery diarrhea

d. watery diarrhea

Which is an age-related change of the hepatobiliary system a. decreased blood flow b. decreased prevalence of gallstones c. increased drug clearance capability d. enlarged liver

a. decreased blood flow

a client underwent a continent ileostomy. Within which time frame should the client expect to empty the reservoir a. at least once every 2 days b. every 4-6 hour c. at least once a day d. three or four times daily

b. every 4-6 hour

which condition in a client with pancreatitis makes it necessary for the nurse to check fluid intake and output, check hourly urine output, and monitor electrolyte levels a. dry mouth, which makes the client thirsty b. frequent vomiting, leading to loss of fluid volume c. acetone in the urine d. high glucose concentration in the blood

b. frequent vomiting, leading to loss of fluid volume

the nurse is assessing the skin graft site of a client who has undergone a radical neck dissection. The skin graft site is pink. The nurse documents which result a. venous congestion of graft b. healthy graft c. infection of graft d. possible necrosis of graft

b. healthy graft

the nurse identifies which type of jaundice in an adult experiencing a transfusion reaction a. obstructive b. hemolytic c. hepatocellular d. nonobstructive

b. hemolytic

A client has an elevated serum ammonia concentration and is exhibiting changes in mental status. The nurse should suspect which condition a. asterixis b. hepatic encephalopathy c. cirrhosis d. portal hypertension

b. hepatic encephalopathy

For a client with salivary calculi, which procedure uses shock waves to disintegrate the stone a. biopsy b. lithotripsy c. chemotherapy d. radiation

b. lithotripsy

the nurse is evaluation a client's ulcer symptoms to differentiate ulcer as duodenal or gastric. Which symptom should the nurse at attribute to a duodenal ulcer a. hemorrhage b. weight loss c. awakening in pain d. vomiting

c. awakening in pain

which term is used to describe a chronic liver disease in which scar tissue surrounds the portal areas a. compensated cirrhosis b. biliary cirrhosis c. post necrotic cirrhosis d. alcoholic cirrhosis

d. alcoholic cirrhosis

The nurse is completing a morning assessment of a client with cirrhosis. Which information obtained by the nurse will be of most concern a. the client reports nausea and anorexia b. the client has gained 2kg from the previous day c. the skin on the client's abdomen has multiple spider-shaped blood vessels d. the client's hands flap back and forth when the arms are extended

d. the client's hands flap back and forth when the arms are extended

Which symptoms characterizes regional enteritis a. severe diarrhea b. rectal bleeding c. diffuse involvement d. transmural thickening

d. transmural thickening

The nurse is conducing a community education program on peptic ulcer disease prevention. The nurse includes that the most common cause of peptic ulcer is a. alcohol and tobacco b. stress and anxiety c. ibuprofen and aspirin d. gram-negative bacteria

d. gram-negative bacteria

The nurse is irrigating a clients colostomy when the client begins to report cramping. What is the appropriate action by the nurse? a. discontinue the irrigation immediately b. clamp the tubing and allow client to rest c. change irrigation fluid to normal saline d. increase the rate of administration

b. clamp the tubing and allow client to rest

the nurse is creating a discharge plan of care for a client with a peptic ulcer. The nurse tells the client to avoid a. skim milk b. decaffeinated coffee c. octreotide d. acetaminophen

b. decaffeinated coffee

which term describes the passage of a hollow instrument into a cavity to withdraw fluid a. dialysis b. asterixis c. paracentesis d. ascites

c. paracentesis

Which term refers to the symptom of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) which is characterized by a burning sensation in the esophagus? a. odynophagia b. dyspepsia c. pyrosis d. dysphagia

c. pyrosis

ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) has been used to dissolve small, radiolucent gallstones. Which duration of therapy is required to dissolve the stones a. 7 months b. over 1 year c. 4 month d. 1 month

a. 7 months

The nurse is teaching a client about preventing dysphagia after bariatric surgery. The nurse tells the client to avoid which foods? SATA a. Doughy bread b. cheese c. steak d. peas

a. Doughy bread c. steak

clients with chronic liver dysfunction have problems with insufficient vitamin intake. Which may occur as a result of vitamin C deficiency a. hypoprothrombinemia b. beriberi c. scurvy d. night blindness

c. scurvy

the nurse in the ED admits a client with suspected gastric outlet obstruction. The clients symptoms include nausea and vomiting. The nurse anticipates that the physician will issue which order? a. NGT insertion b. Stool specimen c. pelvic X-ray d. Oral contrast

a. NGT insertion

Which term is used to describe stone formation in a salivary gland, usually the submandibular gland? a. sialolithiasis b. stomatitis c. sialadenitis d. parotitis

a. Sialolithiasis

a client admitted with severe epigastric abdominal pain radiating to the back is vomiting and reports difficulty breathing. upon assessment, the nurse determines that the client is experiencing tachycardia and hypotension. Which actions are priority interventions for this client (SATA) a. administer plasma b. assist the client to a semi-fowler position c. administer electrolytes d. administer a low-fat diet e. administer pain-relieving medication

a. administer plasma b. assist the client to a semi-fowler position c. administer electrolytes e. administer pain-relieving medication

The nurse is assessing a client with hepatic cirrhosis for mental deterioration. For what clinical manifestations will the nurse monitor? SATA a. alterations in mood b. insomnia c. report of headache d. agitation e. decreased deep tendon reflexes

a. alterations in mood b. insomnia d. agitation

The digestion of carbohydrates is aided by a. amylase b. lipase c. secretin d. trypsin

a. amylase

the nurse recognizes that the client diagnosed with a duodenal ulcer will likely experience a. pain 2 to 3 hours after a meal b. weight loss c. vomiting d. hemorrhage

a. pain 2 to 3 hours after a meal

a client is admitted to the health care center with hyperglycemia, a 15-pound weight loss, and reports of vague upper and mid abdominal pain that increases in intensity at night. The client's health history indicates alcoholism, smoking of a pack of cigarettes daily, and diabetes for the past 20 years. Upon examination the nurse finds swelling in the feet and abdominal ascites. Based on the clinical manifestations, which condition is the most likely diagnosis a. pancreatic carcinoma b. cholecystitis c. pancreatic pseudocysts d. acute pancreatitis with edema

a. pancreatic carcinoma

which medication is used to decrease portal pressure, halting bleeding of esophageal varices a. vasopressin b. spironolactone c. nitroglycerin d. cimetidine

a. vasopressin

The nurse is conducting an admission assessment and determines that the client's BMI is 37. The nurse documents the BMI as being which class of obesity? a. Class III b. Class II c. Class I d. Overweight

b. Class II

Peptic ulcer disease occurs more frequently in people with which blood type a. A b. O c. AB d. B

b. O

the nurse is preparing a care plan for a client with hepatic cirrhosis. Which nursing diagnoses are appropriate? SATA a. urinary incontinence related to general debility and muscle wasting b. activity intolerance related to fatigue, general debility, muscle wasting, and discomfort c. risk for injury related to altered clotting mechanisms d. disturbed body image related to changes in appearance, sexual dysfunction, and role function e. altered nutrition, more than body requirements, related to decreased activity and bed rest

b. activity intolerance related to fatigue, general debility, muscle wasting, and discomfort c. risk for injury related to altered clotting mechanisms d. disturbed body image related to changes in appearance, sexual dysfunction, and role function

a longitudinal tear or ulceration int he lining of the anal canal is termed a(n) a. hemorrhoid b. anal fissure c. anorectal abscess d. anal fistual

b. anal fissure

a client has undergone a radial neck dissection. His skin graft site is pale. This indicates which condition? a. infection b. arterial thrombosis c. possible necrosis d. venous congestion

b. arterial thrombosis

the nurse is creating a plan of care for a client who is not able to tolerate brushing his teeth. The nurse includes which mouth irrigation in the plan of care a. mouthwash and water b. baking soda and water c. dextrose and water d. full-strength peroxide

b. baking soda and water

Which term refers to intestinal rumbling a. tenesmus b. borborgymus c. aztorrhea d. diverticulitis

b. borborgymus

Which is the most common presenting symptom of colon cancer a. weight loss b. change in bowel c. fatigue d. anorexia

b. change in bowel

Which type of diarrhea is caused by increased production of water and electrolytes by the intestinal mucosa and their secretion into the intestinal lumen a. mixed diarrhea b. osmotic diarrhea c. secretory diarrhea d. diarrheal disease

c. secretory diarrhea

a client with end-stage liver disease is scheduled to undergo a liver transplant. The client tells the nurse, "I am worried that my body will reject the liver." Which statement is the nurse's best response to the client a. you would not be scheduled for a transplant if there was a concern about rejection b. you will need to take daily medication to prevent rejection of the transplanted liver. The new liver has a good chance of survival with the use of these drugs. c. the problem of rejection is not as common in liver transplants as in other organ transplants d. it is easier to get a good tissue match with liver transplants than with other types of transplants.

b. you will need to take daily medication to prevent rejection of the transplanted liver. The new liver has a good chance of survival with the use of these drugs.

the nurse is planning care for a client with painful oral lesions. Which food should be included in the clients diet? a. pretzels b. chili c. jello d. hot tea

c. Jello

the nurse is caring for a client scheduled to undergo radical neck dissection. During preoperative teaching, the nurse states that an associated complication is a. neck distention b. venous engorgement c. shoulder drop d. clavicle fracture

c. shoulder drop

a client who has undergone colostomy surgery is experiencing constipation. Which intervention should a nurse consider for a such a client? a. instruct the client to avoid prune or apple juice b. instruct the client to keep a record of food intake c. suggest fluid intake of at least 2 L/day d. assist the client regarding the correct diet or to minimize food intake

c. suggest fluid intake of at least 2 L/day

The nurse is assessing an 80- year old client for signs and symptoms of gastric cancer. The nurse differentiates which as a s/sx of gastric cancer in the geriatric client, but not in a client under the age of 75 a. abdominal mass b. hepatomegalia c. agitation d. ascites

c. agitation

The nurse is caring for a client with diverticulitis is preparing to administer the clients medications. The nurse anticipates administration of which category of medication because of the client's diverticulitis a. anti-inflammatory b. atnianxiety c. antispasmodic d. antiemetic

c. antispasmodic

which drug is considered a stimulants laxative a. magnesium hydroxide b. psyllium hydrophilic mucilloid c. bisacodyl d. mineral oil

c. bisacodyl

Which is a true statement regarding regional enteritis (Crohn's disease) a. it has a progressive disease pattern b. it is characterized by pain in the lower left abd. quadrant c. the clusters of ulcers take on a cobblestone appearance d. the lesions are in the continuous contact with one another

c. the clusters of ulcers take on a cobblestone appearance

a client has a NG tube for suction and is NPO after a pancreaticoduodenectomy. Which explanation made by the nurse is the major purpose of this treatment a. the tube provides relief from nausea and vomiting b. the tube helps control fluid and electrolyte imbalance c. the tube allow the gastrointestinal tract to rest d. the tube allows toxins to be removed

c. the tube allow the gastrointestinal tract to rest

The physician has written the following orders for a new client admitted with pancreatitis: bed rest, NPO, and administration of TPN. Which does the nurse attribute as the reason for NPO status a. to drain the pancreatic bed b. to prevent the occurrence of fibrosis c. to avoid inflammation of the pancreas d. to aid opening up of pancreatic duct

c. to avoid inflammation of the pancreas

what is the most common cause of small bowel obstruction a. hernia b. volvus c. neoplasms d. adhesions

d. adhesions

which dietary modification is used for a client diagnosed with acute pancreatitis a. low carbohydrate diet b. elimination of coffee c. high protein diet d. high fat diet

b. elimination of coffee

the nurse is caring for a client with a suspected megacolon. The nurse anticipates that one of the findings of assessment will be a. fecal incontinence b. heorrhoids c. diarrhea d. dark, tarry stools

a. fecal incontinence

the term for a reddened circumscribed lesion that ulcerates and become crusted and is a primary lesion of syphilis is a(n) a. chancre b. actinic cheilitis c. lichen planus d. leukoplakia

a. chancre

Which term most precisely refers to the incision of the common bile duct for removal of stones a. choledocholithotomy b. choledochoduodenostomy c. cholecystostomy d. choledochotomy

a. choledocholithotomy

the nurse is caring for an older adult who reports xerostomia (dry mouth). The nurse evaluates for the use of which medication a. diuretics b. antiemetics c. antibiotics d. steroids

a. diuretics

a client with an esophageal disorder comes to the hospital with symptoms that include halitosis and sour taste in the mouth. These symptoms are associated most directly with which condition a. esophageal diverticula b. GERD c. hiatal hernia d. achalasia

a. esophageal diverticula

which characteristics is a risk factor for colorectal cancer a. familial polyposis b. low fat, low protein, high fiber diet c. history of skin cancer d. age younger than 40 years

a. familial polyposis

the nurse is creating a discharge teaching plan for a client after surgery for oral cancer. Which should be included in the teaching plan? SATA a. follow-up medical app b. follow-up dental app c. oral hygiene d. use of humidification

a. follow-up medical app b. follow-up dental app c. oral hygiene d. use of humidification

which type of jaundice seen in adults is the result of increased destruction of red blood cells a. hemolytic b. hepatocellular c. nonbstructive d. obstructive

a. hemolytic

Which term refers to a protrusion of the intestine through a weakened area in the abd wall a. hernia b. volvulus c. adhesion d. tumor

a. hernia

the nurse is caring for a client during the postoperative period following radical neck dissection. Which finding should be reported to the physician? a. high epigastric pain and/or discomfort b. crackles that clear after coughing c. temperature of 99 degrees F d. serous . drainage on the dressing

a. high epigastric pain and/or discomfort

an elderly client diagnosed with diarrhea is taking digoxin. Which electrolyte imbalance should the nurse be alert to a. hypokalemia b. hyponatremia c. hyperkalemia d. hypernatremia

a. hypokalemia

a young client with anorexia, fatigue, and jaundice is diagnosed with hepatitis B and has just been admitted to the hospital. The client asks the nurse how long the stay in the hospital will be. In planning care for the client, the nurse identifies impaired psychosocial issue and assigns the high priority to which client outcome a. establishing a stable home environment b. minimizing social isolation c. reducing the spread of the disease d. identifying the source of exposure to hepatitis

b. minimizing social isolation

a client has undergone a liver biopsy. Which post procedure position is appropriate a. trendelenburg b. on the right side c. high fowler d. on the left side

b. on the right side

THe nurse is planning for a client following an incisional cholecystectomy for cholelithiasis. Which intervention is the highest nursing priority for this client a. performing range of motion (ROM) leg exercises hourly while the client is awake b. teaching the client to choose low-fat foods from the menu c. assisting the client to turn, cough, and deep breathe every 2 hours d. assisting the client to ambulate the evening of the operative day

c. assisting the client to turn, cough, and deep breathe every 2 hours

Which is one of the primary symptoms of IBS a. pain b. abd distention c. diarrhea d. bloating

c. diarrhea

the nurse is assessing a client with an ulcer for signs and symptoms of hemorrhage. The nurse interprets which condition as a s/sx of possible hemorrhage a. bradycardia b. hypertension c. polyuria d. hematemesis

d. hematemesis

which enzyme aids int he digestion of fats a. lipase b. amylase c. secretin d. trypsin

a. lipase

which medication classification represents a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) a. sucralfate b. metronidazole c. famotidine d. omperazole

d. omeprazole

the nurse is caring for a client with history of bulimia. The client complains of retrosternal pain and dysphagia after forcibly causing herself to vomit after a large meal. The nurse suspects which condition a. zenker diverticulum b. periapical abscess c. halitosis d. boerhaave syndrome

d. boerhaave syndrome

a nurse is preparing a client for ERCP the client asks what this test is used for. Which statements by the nurse explains how ERCP can determine the difference between pancreatitis and other biliary disorders? SATA a. it can detect unhealthy tissues in the pancreas and assess for abscesses and pseudocysts b. it can assess for ecchymosis in the body c. it can evaluate the presence and location of ductal stones and aid in stone removal d. it is used in the diagnostic evaluation of acute pancreatitis e. it can assess the anatomy of the pancreas and the pancreatic and biliary duct

a. it can detect unhealthy tissues in the pancreas and assess for abscesses and pseudocysts c. it can evaluate the presence and location of ductal stones and aid in stone removal e. it can assess the anatomy of the pancreas and the pancreatic and biliary duct

a client with cirrhosis has a massive hemorrhage from esophageal varices. Balloon tamponade is used temporarily to control hemorrhage and stabilize the client. In planning care, the nurse gives the highest priority to which goal a. maintaining airway b. maintaining fluid volume c. relieving the clients anxiety d. controlling bleeding

a. maintaining airway

Which assessments are important in a client diagnosed with ascites a. measurement of abdominal girth b. weight c. foul-smelling breath d. palpation of abdomen for a fluid shift

a. measurement of abdominal girth

a typical sign/symptom of appendicitis is a. nausea b. pain when pressure is applied to the right lower quadrant c. high fever d. left lower quadrant pain

a. nausea

The nurse eis assisting a client to drain his continent ileostomy (Kock pouch). The nurse shold insert the catheter how far through the nipple/valve a. 3 inches b. 2 inches c. 5 inches d. 4 inches

b. 2 inches

The nurse is teaching a client with an ostomy how to change the pouching system. Which information should the nurse include when teaching a client with no peristomal skin irritation a. dust with nystatin powder b. dry skin thoroughly after washing c. apply barrier powder d. apply triamcinolone acetonide spray

b. dry skin thoroughly after washing

a client discharged after a laparoscopic cholecystectomy calls the surgeons office reporting severe right shoulder pain 24 hours after surgery. Which statement is the correct information for the nurse to provide to this client a. this pain is caused from your incision. Take analgesics as needed and as prescribed and report to the surgeon if pain is unrelieved even with analgesic use b. this pain is caused from the gas used to inflate your abdominal area during surgery. Sitting upright in a chair, walking, or using a heating pad may ease the discomfort c. this may be the initial symptoms of an infection. You need to come to see the surgeon today for an evaluation d. this pain may be caused by a bile duct injury. You will need to go to the hospital immediately to have this evaluated

b. this pain is caused from the gas used to inflate your abdominal area during surgery. Sitting upright in a chair, walking, or using a heating pad may ease the discomfort

The presence of mucus and pus in the stools suggests which condition? a. intestinal malabsorption b. ulcerative colitis c. small bowel disease d. disorders of the colon

b. ulcerative colitis

which statement correctly identifies a difference between duodenal and gastric ulcers a. malignancy is associated with duodenal ulcers b. vomiting is uncommon in clients with duodenal ulcers c. a gastric ulcer is caused by hyper-secretion of stomach acid d. weight gain may occur with a gastric ulcer

b. vomiting is uncommon in clients with duodenal ulcers

Which statement provides accurate information regarding cancer of the colon and rectum a. colon cancer has no hereditary component b. rectal cancer affects more than twice as many people as colon cancer c. the incidence of colon and rectal cancer decreases with age d. colorectal cancer is the third most common site of cancer in the US

d. colorectal cancer is the third most common site of cancer in the US

a client who has been having recurrent attacks of severe abdominal pain over the past few months informs the physician about a 25 pound weight loss in the past year. The nurse attributes which factor as the most likely cause of this weight loss a. skipping meals out of fear of painful attacks b. ingesting a low-fat diet to prevent abdominal pain c. malabsorption d. vomiting after heavy meals

a. skipping meals out of fear of painful attacks

The nurse is assessing a client for constipation. Which review should the nurse conduct first to identify the cause of constipation? a. usual pattern of elimination b. activity levels c. current medications d. alcohol consumption

a. usual pattern of elimination

The nurse knows that the serum amylase concentration returns to normal within which time frame a. 24 hours b. 48 hours c. 12 hours d. 36 hours

b. 48 hours

postoperatively, a client with a radical neck dissection should be placed in which position? a. fowler b. prone c. supine d. side lying

a. fowler

Clients with IBS are at a significantly increased risk for which condition a. pneumonia b. hypotension c. DVT d. osteoprosis

d. osteoprosis

a client with acute pancreatitis has been started on total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which action should the nurse perform after administration of the TPN a. monitor for reports of nausea and vomiting b. measure abdominal girth every shift c. auscultate the abdomen for bowel sounds every 4 horus d. measure blood glucose concentration every 4-6 hours

d. measure blood glucose concentration every 4-6 hours

which is a true statement regarding the nursing considerations in administration of metronidazole a. the drug should be given before meals b. it may cause weight gain c. metronidazole decreases the effect of warfarin d. it leaves a metallic taste in the mouth

d. it leaves a metallic taste in the mouth

which mouth condition is associated with HIV infection a. candidiasis b. krythoplakia c. stomatitis d. kaposi sarcoma

d. kaposi sarcoma

the nurse provides health teaching to inform the client with oral cancer that a. most oral cancers are painful at the outset b. blood testing is used to diagnose oral cancer c. a typical lesion is soft and crater like d. many oral cancers produce no symptoms in the early stages

d. many oral cancers produce no symptoms in the early stages

which intervention should be included in the plan of care for a client who has undergone a cholecystectomy a. assessing the color of the sclera every shift b. placing the client in the semi-fowler position immediately after surgery c. placing the client on NPO status for 2 days after surgery d. clamping the T-tube immediately after surgery

a. assessing the color of the sclera every shift

Which is the most prominent sign of IBD a. intermittent pain b. abdominal distention c. increased peristalsis d. hyperactive bowel sounds

a. intermittent pain

The nurse is monitoring a client's post operative course after an appendectomy. The nurse's assessment reveals that the client has vomited, has abdominal tenderness and rigidity, and has tachycardia. The nurse reports tot he physician that the client has signs/symptoms of which complication a. peritonitis b. ileus c. pelvic abscess d. hemorrhage

a. peritonitis

a client with GERD comes to the physicians office reporting a burning sensation in the esophagus. The nurse documents that the client is experiencing a. pyrosis b. dysphagia c. odynophagia d. dyspepsia

a. pyrosis

which liver function study is used to show the size of the liver and hepatic blood flow and obstruction a. radioisotope liver scan b. electroencephalography c. magnetic resonance imaging d. angiography

a. radioisotope liver scan

a client comes to the ED with severe abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. The physician plans to rule out acute pancreatitis. The nurse would expect the diagnosis to be confirmed by an elevated result on which laboratory test a. serum amylase b. serum potassium c. serum bilirubin d. serum calcium

a. serum amylase

which is the most common report by clients with pancreatitis a. severe, radiating abdominal pain b. increased appetite and weight gain c. increased and painful urination d. tarry, black stools and urine

a. severe, radiating abdominal pain

Which term describes an inflammation of the salivary glands a. sialadenitis b. pyosis c. stomatitis d. parotitis

a. sialadenitis

a 70-year old client is admitted with acute pancreatitis. The nurse understands that the mortality rate associated with acute pancreatitis increases with advanced age and attributes this to which gerontologic consideration associated with the pancreas a. increases in the rate of pancreatic secretion b. decreases in the physiologic function of major organs c. development of local complications d. increases in the bicarbonate output by the kidneys

b. decreases in the physiologic function of major organs

The most common symptom of esophageal disease is a. vomiting b. dysphagia c. odynophagia d. nausea

b. dysphagia

The nurse identifies a potential collaborative problem of electrolyte imbalance for a client with severe acute pancreatitis. Which assessment finding alerts the nurse to an electrolyte imbalance associated with acute pancreatitis? a. paralytic ileus and abdominal distention b. muscle twitching and finger numbness c. elevated blood glucose concentration d. hypotension

b. muscle twitching and finger numbness

What is the most common cause of esophageal varices a. asterixis b. portal hypertension c. ascites d. jaundice

b. portal hypertension

A nurse is teaching a client about the cause of acute pancreatitis. The nurse evaluates the teaching as effective when the client correctly identifies which condition as a cause of acute pancreatitis a. use of loop diuretics to increase the incidence of pancreatitis b. self-digestion of the pancreas by its own proteolytic enzyme c. calcification of the pancreatic duct, leading to its blockage d. fibrosis and atrophy of the pancreatic gland

b. self-digestion of the pancreas by its own proteolytic enzyme

a client with hepatic cirrhosis question the nurse about the possible use of an herbal supplement- milk thistle- to help heal the liver. which is the most appropriate response by the nurse a.you should not use herbal supplements in conjunction with medical treatment b. silymarin from milk thistle has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that may have beneficial effects, especially in hepatitis. However, you should always notify your primary care provider of any herbal remedies being used so drug interactions can be evaluated. c. you can use milk thistle instead of the medications you have been prescribed d. herbal supplements are approved by the FDA, so there should be no problem with their usage fi you check with your primary care provider

b. silymarin from milk thistle has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that may have beneficial effects, especially in hepatitis. However, you should always notify your primary care provider of any herbal remedies being used so drug interactions can be evaluated.

which is an accurate statement regarding gastric cancer a. a diet high in smoked foods and low in fruits and vegetables may decrease the risk of gastric cancer b. the incidence of stomach cancer continues to decrease in the united states c. most gastric cancer-related deaths occur in people younger than 40 years d. females have a higher incidence of gastric cancers than males

b. the incidence of stomach cancer continues to decrease in the united states

a client is admitted to the health care center with severe abdominal pain rated 10 on a 1-10 scale, tachycardia hypertension, and muscle spasms. The nurse immediately administers morphine sulfate 4mg slow intravenous pyelogram (IVP), as ordered. The nurse plans for which foal after administration of this mediation a. to control blood pressure b. to diagnose the cause of abdominal pain c. to increase the client's pain threshold d. to control muscle spasms

c. to increase the client's pain threshold

a client who had developed jaundice 2 months earlier is brought to the ED after attending a party and developing excruciating pain that radiated over the abdomen and into the back. Upon assessment, which additional symptom would the nurse expect this client to have a. hypertension b. warm, dry skin c. bile stained vomiting d. weight loss

c. bile stained vomiting

Total parental nutrition (TPN) should be used cautiously in clients with pancreatitis because they a. can digest high-fat food b. are at risk for hepatic encephalopathy c. cannot tolerate a high glucose concentration d. are at risk for gallbladder contraction

c. cannot tolerate a high glucose concentration

which is a gerontological consideration associated with the pancreas a. increased rate of pancreatic secretion b. increased bicarbonate output c. increased amount of fibrous material d. increased calcium absorption

c. increased amount of fibrous material

a nurse is planning care for a client with acute pancreatitis. Which client outcome does the nurse assign as the highest priority a. developing no acute complications form the pancreatitis b. maintaining satisfactory pain control c. maintaining normal respiratory function d. achieving adequate fluid and electrolyte balance

c. maintaining normal respiratory function

what initial measure can the nurse implement to reduce risk of injury for a client with liver disease a. apply soft wrist restraints b. prevent visitors, so as not to agitate the client c. pad the side rials on the bed d. raise all four side rials on the bed

c. pad the side rials on the bed

The nurse is teaching the client who was admitted to the hospital with acute hepatic encephalopathy and ascites about an appropriated diet. The nurse determines that the teaching has been effective when the client chooses which food choice from the menu a. baked chicken with sweet potato french fries, corn bread, and tea b. ham and cheese sandwich, baked beans, potatoes, and coffee c. pancakes with butter and honey, orange juice d. omelet with green peppers, onions, mushrooms, and cheese with milk

c. pancakes with butter and honey, orange juice

A client reporting shortness of breath is admitted with a diagnosis of cirrhosis. A nursing assessment reveals an enlarged abdomen with striae, an umbilical hernia, and 4+ pitting edema of the feet and legs. What is the most important data for the nurse to monitor a. temperature b. bilirubin c. hemoglobin d. albumin

d. albumin

the nurse completing a plan of care for a client with cirrhosis who has ascites and 4+ pitting edema of the feet and legs identifies a nursing diagnosis of risk for impaired skin integrity. Which nursing intervention is appropriate for this problem a. restrict dietary protein intake b. perform passive range-of-motion exercises four times a day c. reposition the client every 4 hours d. arrange for a low air loss bed

d. arrange for a low air loss bed

which foods should be avoided following acute gallbladder inflammation a. coffee b. cooked fruits c. mashed potatoes d. cheese

d. cheese

which is a clinical manifestation of cholelithiasis a. epigastric distress before a meal b. abdominal pain in the upper left quadrant c. nonpalpable abdominal mass d. clay-colored stools

d. clay-colored stools

which is a true statement regarding gastric cancer a. the prognosis for gastric cancer is good b. women have a higher incidence of gastric cancer c. most cases are discovered before metastasis d. most client are asymptomatic during the early stage of disease

d. most client are asymptomatic during the early stage of disease

celiac sprue is an example of which category of malabsorption a. luminal problems causing malabsorption b. infectious diseases causing generalized malabsorption c. postoperative malabsorption d. mucosal disorders causing generalized malabsorption

d. mucosal disorders causing generalized malabsorption

which condition is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in clients with acute pancreatitis a. shock b. MODS c. Tetany d. pancreatic necrosis

d. pancreatic necrosis

the nurse is conducting a community education class on gastritis. The nurse includes that chronic gastritis cause by H.Pylori is implicated in which disease/condition a. pernicious anemia b. colostomy c. systemic infection d. peptic ulcers

d. peptic ulcers

which category of laxatives draws water into the intestine by osmosis a. stimulants b. bulk forming agents c. fecal softeners d. saline agents

d. saline agents

The nurse teaches the client whose surgery will result in a sigmoid colostomy that the feces expelled through the colostomy will be a. semi mushy b. fluid c. mushy d. solid

d. solid

which is an accurate clinical manifestations associated with hemorrhage? a. bradycardia b. tachypnea c. hypotension d. tachycardia

d. tachycardia

which position should be used for a client undergoing a paracentesis a. supine b. prone c. trendelenburg d. upright at the edge of the bed

d. upright at the edge of the bed