Med Term Ch 3 Part 2
fracture
Fx
scoliosis
abnormal lateral curvature of the spine
chondromalacia
abnormal softening of cartilage
Ewing's sarcoma
affect children; in diaphysis/shaft of long bone
spondylosis
any degenerative condition of the vertebrae
embolus
any foreign matter in blood that may block a blood vessel
ostealgia
any pain linked to an abnormal condition within a bone
rheumatoid arthritis
autoimmune disorder; synovial membranes thicken and swell/inflame; joints become swollen, painful, and immobile
exotosis
benign growth of the surface of a bone
closed/simple/complete
bone broken but no open wound on skin
hallux vagus
bunion; abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the big toe; creates pressure on other toes
Rickets
calcium and vitamin D deficiencies in early childhood; leads to demineralized bones and related deformities
chondropathy
cartilage disease
manipulation
closed reduction; attempted realignment of bone involved in a fracture or luxation; use manually applied forces then immobolized
talipes
clubfoot; congenital deformity in which the foot may be turned outward or inward
open fracture
compound fracture; bone is broken; open skin wound
spina bifida
congenital defect; early pregnancy in which the spinal canal fails to close around the spinal cord
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
control pain; reduce inflammation and swelling; aspirin; may thin out blood; attack stomach lining
acetaminophen
controls pain without the side effects of NSAID's; do not reduce inflammation and swelling
crepitation
crackling sensation felt and heard when the ends of a broken bone move together
comminuted
crushed
osteonecrosis
death of bone tissue caused by insufficient blood supply, infection, malignancy, or trauma
podiatrist
diagnose and treaet disorders of the foot
luxation
dislocation; displacement of bone from joint
ankylosing spondylitis
form of rheumatoid arthritis characterized by progressive stiffening of the spine caused by the fusion of vertebral bodies
Colles'; fracture
fractured wrist at end of radius; try to break fall with hand
arthrodesis
fusion of bones; surgical anklyosis; surgical procedure to stiffen a joint or to join spinal vertebrae
COX-2 inhibitors
greatly reduce the side-effects of NSAID's that control pain and swelling of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis; cydoxygenase enzymes
kyphosis
humpback; outward curvature of thoracic vertebrae increases
greenstick
incomplete; bone only partially bent/broken; kids
lordosis
increase in forward curvature of the lumbar vertebrae
osteomyelitis
inflammation of bone and bone marrow
peritonitis
inflammation of the periosteum
fat embolus
long bone/diaphysis fractured and the fat cells from yellow bone marrow go into the blood
lumbago
lower back pain
spondylolisthesis
lumbar vertebra push forward and down on sacrum
myeloma
malignant tumor from blood-forming tissues of bone marrow; progressive; may cause pathological fractures; fatal
sarcoma
malignant tumor of connective tissue
osteochondroma
most common benign bone tumor with a cap of cartilage
internal fixation
open reduction internal fixation (ORIF); pins or plates go directly on bone; not removed after Fx heals
Paget's disease
osteoitis deformans; unknown cause; extensive bone destruction followed by abnormal bone repair; bones weak and easily breakable/bendable
subluxation
partical displacement of bone from joint
traction
pull limb in a distal direction to return the bone or joint back to normal alignment
antipyretic
reduce or relieve fever; aspirin, acetaminophen
external fixation
remove appliance after healing; go through soft tissue and bone to place pins so the appliance can hold
herniated disk
ruptured disk; rupture of intervertebral disk that results in pressure on spinal nerve roots
immobilization
stabilization; suturing or wiring bone together in a fixed position with a strap or cast
osteoclasis
surgical fracture of bone to correct a deformity
arthrotomy
surgical removal of a joint
laminectomy
surgical removal of lamina from vertebra
cranioplasty
surgical repair of skull
Doctor of Osteopathy
use manipulation and traditional form of medical treatment
autologous transplant
use patient's own bone marrow in a BMT
compression fracture
vertebral crush fractures; results in dowager's hump
osteoarthritis
wear and tear arthritis; OA; bone degenerative joint disease (DJD); commonly associated with aging