MedSurg 2 Exam 1 Study Set (ABG)
Which organs play a major role in maintaining pH balance win the body?
lungs and kidneys
What goal would a patient with Diabetes Mellitus strive for to decrease the risk of acid-base imbalance?
maintaining blood glucose level within normal limits.
Deep and rapid breaths consistent with Kussmaul respirations are found with which type of acid-base imbalance?
metabolic acidosis
Diarrhea, liver failure, and kidney failure can cause what acid-base imbalance?
metabolic acidosis
Heavy alcohol consumption chronic cirrhosis of the liver with liver fialure, and a seizure can contribute to the development of what acid-base imbalance?
metabolic acidosis
The following lab results pH 7.24; bicarbonate 20; PaO2 82; PaCO2 35 are consistent with which acid-base imbalance?
metabolic acidosis
Which acid-base imbalance are you likely to manifest of a patient having acute diarrhea for more than 24 hours from a viral infection?
metabolic acidosis
deep and rapid breaths consistent with Kussmaul respirations are found in patients with which type of acid-base imbalance?
metabolic acidosis
Blood transfusions, nasogastric suctioning, and total parental nutrition can put a patient at risk for developing what?
metabolic alkalosis
Numbness around the mouth, and hyperactivity of deep tendon reflexes are manifestations of what?
metabolic alkalosis
The lab results pH 7.49 and HCO3 -32 would indicate which acid-base?
metabolic alkalosis
When evaluating lab results of a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis, which lab value indicates the body has fully compensated from this acid-base imbalance?
normal pH on arterial blood gases.
A diabetic patient shows symptoms of diabetic keto acidosis. What mechanism causes acidosis in this patient?
overproduction action of hydrogen ions.
How does the body compensate for a low pH?
increases respiratory rate
A patient is admitted with severe diabetic ketoacidosis. Arterial blood gas results reveal a pH of 7.21. This patients acidosis is in response to what?
Excessive breakdown of fatty acids
A patient has been poisoned by botulinum toxins. Confusion and warm, flushed, dry skin suggests the patient has what?
acidosis
A patient is admitted with chronic anemia. what psychologic imbalance does the nurse suspect the patient is at risk of developing?
acidosis
Kidney failure is one of the causes of what?
acidosis
Kussmaul respirations are consistent with which situation?
aspirin overdose
which assessment finding requires priority intervention in a patient with metabolic or respiratory acidosis?
bradycardia with widened QRS complex
the nurse is assessing the laboratory reports of a patient with impaired kidney function. What changes most indicates the patient has metabolic acidosis?
decrease in serum bicarbonate level
What are a few manifestation of a patient with metabolic and respiratory acidosis?
flaccid paralysis, kussmaul respirations, delayed electrical conduction
when caring for a patient with metabolic acidosis, the nurse should keep what in mind regarding acid-base chemistry?
fluids with lower pH have higher acidity
Which electrolyte abnormality does the nurse anticipate when reviewing laboratory data for a patient with metabolic acidosis?
hyperkalemia
which electrolyte does the nurse anticipate when reviewing laboratory data for a patient admitted with metabolic acidosis?
hyperkalemia
A patient with diabetic ketoacidosis was treated for metabolic acidosis with Iv fluids and insulin. Which electrolyte imbalance does the nurse monitor for as the acid-base imbalance resolves?
hypokalemia
When you have a pt with kidney failure who has metabolic acidosis, what symptom is evident of the body's compensatory effort?
rapid and deep respirations
A person who smokes cigarettes is very likely to develop what?
respiratory acidosis
After a crash, you get a patient in the ER who is hysterical and hyperventilating after being notified of the death of a loved one. What acid-base imbalance is this patient likely to develop?
respiratory acidosis
Let results with a pH of 7.32; bicarbonate 24; PaO2 77; PaCO2 48. These findings indicate which acid-base imbalance?
respiratory acidosis
Which acid-base imbalance is a patient with morbid obesity likely to develop?
respiratory acidosis.
Anxiety can cause which acid-base imbalance?
respiratory alkalosis
Lab results for a 62 y/o pt show a pH 7.48; bicarbonate 26; PaO2 90; PaCO2 32. These findings are consistent with which acid-base imbalance?
respiratory alkalosis
while assessing a patient with metabolic acidosis, the nurse suspects that the patient has arctic acidosis. The nurse makes the conclusion based on which finding?
symptoms of hypoxia
