Meiosis Mastering Biology

How many pairs of autosomes do humans have? 23 2 1 22

22 autosomes and one pair of sex chromosomes

When observing a chicken skin cell in G2 under a microscope, you count 156 total chromatids. How many chromosomes does a male chicken have in its sperm cells? 156 312 78 39

39

In a cell containing 10 chromosomes, meiosis results in the formation of daughter cells containing _____ chromosomes. 5 10 20 40

5 (Haploid sex cells contain half as many chromosomes as diploid somatic cells)

Which of the following statements regarding the differences between mitosis and meiosis is false? Cells produced by mitosis are diploid, whereas cells produced by meiosis are haploid. In meiosis four daughter cells are produced, whereas in mitosis two daughter cells are produced. In mitosis cytokinesis occurs once, whereas in meiosis cytokinesis occurs twice. Crossing over is a phenomenon that creates genetic diversity during mitosis.

Crossing over is a phenomenon that creates genetic diversity during mitosis.

Which of the following statements correctly describes the behavior of a tetrad during anaphase I of meiosis? It splits into two pairs of homologous, nonsister chromatids, and one pair goes to each pole of the dividing cell. It splits into four chromosomes, which distribute in random pairs to the two poles of the dividing cell. It splits into two pairs of sister chromatids, and one pair goes to each pole of the dividing cell. It goes intact to one pole of the dividing cell.

It splits into two pairs of sister chromatids, and one pair goes to each pole of the dividing cell.

Which of the following statements regarding mitosis and meiosis is false? Meiosis only occurs in the ovaries and testes. A normal human zygote has 46 chromosomes. Mitosis produces daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. All sexual life cycles involve an alternation of diploid and haploid stages.

Mitosis produces daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

Crossing over is important because it _____. ensures that homologous chromosomes pair up allows the exchange of genes between homologous chromosomes holds tetrads together prevents variation in gametes

allows the exchange of genes between homologous chromosomes (allows for genetic variation)

Homologous chromosomes migrate to opposite poles during _____. metaphase I prophase II telophase II and cytokinesis metaphase II anaphase I

anaphase I

During _____ sister chromatids separate. interphase anaphase II prophase I prophase II metaphase I

anaphase II

Meiosis II typically produces _____ cells, each of which is _____. two ... haploid two... diploid four ... haploid four ... diploid four ... identical to the other

four ... haploid

The function of meiosis is to make __________. four cells with a haploid number of chromosomes exact copies of the parent cell four cells with the same chromosome number as the parent cell one cell with twice the number of chromosomes as the parent cell

four cells with a haploid number of chromosomes exact copies of the parent cell

Both mitosis and meiosis are preceded by interphase. prometaphase. prophase. telophase.

interphase

When we say that an organism is haploid, we mean that _____. its cells each have two sets of chromosomes Its cells have one half of a chromosome its cells each have one set of chromosomes its cells each have one chromosome

its cells each have one set of chromosomes

During _____ chromosomes align single file along the equator of a haploid cell. anaphase I metaphase I telophase I and cytokinesis prophase I metaphase II

metaphase II

During which stage of meiosis do synapsis and crossing over occur? prophase I interphase I metaphase I prophase II

prophase I

Synapsis occurs during _____. prophase I telophase I and cytogenesis anaphase II metaphase II prophase II

prophase I

During _____ a spindle forms in a haploid cell. prophase II anaphase II telophase I and cytokinesis metaphase II prophase I

prophase II

During anaphase II, _____. the cell is diploid sister chromatids separate and migrate toward opposite poles nuclear membranes re-form Homologous chromosomes separate and migrate toward opposite poles

sister chromatids separate and migrate toward opposite poles

An example of a cell that is 2n is a __________. haploid cell somatic cell gametophyte sperm or ovum

somatic cell (body cell) These body cells are diploid and have two homologous copies of each chromosome

At the end of _____ and cytokinesis, haploid cells contain chromosomes that each consist of two sister chromatids. telophase I telophase interphase metaphase II telophase II

telophase I

At the end of _____ and cytokinesis there are four haploid cells. interphase prophase I prophase II telophase II anaphase I

telophase II

Meiosis I produces _____ cells, each of which is _____. two... identical to the other two... diploid four ... diploid four ... haploid two ... haploid

two ... haploid

Mitosis and cytokinesis result in the formation of __________; meiosis and cytokinesis result in the formation of __________. two diploid cells : two haploid cells four diploid cells : four haploid cells two diploid cells : four haploid cells two diploid cells : two diploid cells

two diploid cells : four haploid cells (In mitosis, a cell that has doubled its genetic material divides into two diploid daughter cells. In meiosis, a cell that has doubled its genetic material undergoes two rounds of division, resulting in the production of four haploid cells.)