Memory-Chapter 9 AP Psychology

recognition

A measure of your memory in which you need to pick the correctly learned answer from a displayed list of options is known as a measure of:

encoding is to storage

According to the information processing model of memory, acquisition is to retention as is to .

encoding failure

After suffering a brain injury in a motorcycle accident, Adam cannot form new memories. He can, however, remember his life experiences before the accident. Adam's memory difficulty clearly illustrates:

semantic encoding

Although Jordan could not recall the exact words of a poem he had recently heard, he clearly remembered the meaning of the poem. This best illustrates the importance of:

motivated forgetting

Although Ron typically smokes two packs of cigarettes a day, he recalls smoking little more than a pack a day. This poor memory best illustrates:

encoding

An understanding of the spacing effect provides insight into effective strategies for:

the serial position effect

At a block party, Cindi is introduced to eight new neighbors. Moments later, she can only remember the names of the first three and the last two neighbors. Her experience illustrates:

memory construction

Being asked to explain why a previously observed stranger was feeling angry has been found to influence people's perceptual memories of that person's facial expression. This best illustrates the dynamics of:

it is surprisingly easy to lead people to construct false memories

Researchers asked university students to recall childhood events, including a false event such as breaking a window with their hand. People discovered that:

meaning is to imagery

Semantic encoding is to visual encoding as is to

source amnesia

Several months after watching a science fiction movie about spaceship travel and alien abductions, Steve began to remember that he had been abducted by aliens and personally subjected to many of the horrors portrayed in the movie. His mistaken recall best illustrates:

less more

Short term memory is permanent and limited than long term memory

the body's release of stress hormones

The accuracy of the flashbulb memories of those who were eyewitnesses to the first bombings of Baghdad during the 2003 war in Iraq best illustrates that memory formation is facilitated by:

chunking

The combination of individual letters into familiar words enables you to remember more of the letters in this sentence. This best illustrates the value of:

effortful processing

The extensive rehearsal necessary to encode nonsense syllables best illustrates:

retrieval cues

The happier Judie is, the more readily she recalls her teachers as warm and generous. This best illustrates that emotional states can be:

visual encoding

The method of loci relies heavily on the use of:

memory construction

The surprising ease with which people form false memories best illustrates that the processes of encoding and retrieval involve:

chunking

The use of acronyms to improve one's memory of unfamiliar material best illustrates the value of:

hippocampus

They most likely have suffered damage to the:

hippocampus

Unlike implicit memories, explicit memories are processed by the:

the most rapid memory loss for novel information occurs shortly after it is learned.

Using nonsense syllables to study memory, Ebbinghaus found that:

the misinformation effect

When 6 year old Teresa reported that she had been verbally threatened by a stranger in a passing car, her mother asked her what color car the man was driving. Several hours later Teresa mistakenly recalled that she had been threatened by a male driver rather than by a female passenger. Teresa's experience best illustrates:

retrieval

When Jake applied for a driver's license, he was embarrassed by a momentary inability to remember his address. Jake's memory difficulty most likely resulted from a failure of what?

memory construction

When we fall in love, we tend to overestimate how much we liked our partner when we first began dating. This best illustrates the dynamics of:

short term

When you have to make a long distance call, dialing and unfamiliar area code plus a 7digit number, you are likely to have trouble retaining the just-looked-up bumber. This best illustrates the limited capacity of what kind of memory?

automatic processing

When you hear familiar words in your native language, it is virtually impossible not to register the meanings of the words. This best illustrates the importance of:

mood-congruent memory

Whenever Valerie experiences intense feelings of fear, she is overwhelmed by childhood memories of her abusive parents. Valerie's experience best illustrates:

long-term potentiation

Which of the following is believed to be the biological basis for learning and memory?

a conditioned fear of guns

Which of the following is most likely to be stored as an implicit memory?

retrieval failure

While taking the final exam in her American history class, Marie was surprised and frustrated by her momentary inability to remember the name of the first president of the United States. Her difficulty illustrates:

chunking

Dario Donatelli could recall more than 70 sequentially presented digits by using the technique of:

a mnemonic device

Developed by the ancient Greeks, the method of Loci is an illustration of:

proactive interference

During her evening Spanish language exam, Janica so easily remembers the French vocabulary she studied that morning that she finds it difficult to recall the Spanish vocabulary she rehearsed that afternoon. Her difficulty best illustrates:

semantic encoding

Ebbinghaus observed that it is much easier to learn meaningful material than to learn nonsense material. This best illustrates the advantage of:

a mnemonic device

Employing the single word "HOMES" to remember the names of North America's five Great Lakes best illustrates the use of:

iconic

For a fraction of a second after the lightning flash disappeared, Ileana retained a vivd mental image of its ragged edges. Her experience most clearly illustrates the nature of what memory?

skill memory; fact memory

Implicit memory is to explicit memory as is to .

priming

In an effort to recall his early life experiences, Aaron formed vivid mental images of the various rooms in his childhood home. Aaron was engaging in the process of:

forgetting distortion

In considering the 7 sins of memory, transience is to the sin of as suggestibility is to the sin of .

semantic encoding

Rephrasing text material in your own words is an effective way to facilitate:

memory construction

In one study, children were periodically asked whether they remembered going to the hospital with a mousetrap on their finger. This experiment best illustrated the dynamics of:

acoustic encoding

It is easier to remember "what sobriety conceals, alcohol reveals" than to recall "what sobriety conceals, alcohol unmasks." This best illustrates the value of:

depressed

Lars was feeling depressed at the time he read a chapter of his history textbook. Lars is likely to recall best the contents of that chapter when he is:

flashbulb

Many people can easily recall exactly what they were doing when they heard the news of the 9/11 terrorist tragedy. This best illustrates what kind of memory?

implicit

Many people retain their classically conditioned fears without any conscious recollection of how or when those fears were learned. This best illustrates what kind of memory?

amygdala

Memories of emotional events are especially likely to be facilitated by activation of the:

explicit and implicit memory

Mr. Nydam suffers amnesia and is unable to remember playing golf on a particular course. Yet the more he plays the course, the more his game improves. This experience demonstrates the need to distinguish between:

repression

Mrs. McBride can't remember how frequently she criticizes her children because it would be too embarrassing for her. Sigmund Freud would have suggested that her poor memory illustrates:

source amnesia

Recalling something that you had once merely imagined happening as something you had directly experienced best illustrates: