memory test 1

According to the research, women are better at recalling details about men, while men are better at recalling details about women. a. True b. False

b.

An eyewitness in the courtroom typically gives an impartial, detailed, and accurate recollection of events. a. True b. False

b.

Being able to name the capitals of all 50 states is an example of what type of memory? a. implicit b. semantic c. classically conditioned d. episodic e. procedural

b.

How long is information held in sensory memory storage? a. minutes b. moments c. a lifetime d. days

b.

To measure Anita's retention of the poems she learned 15 years ago, the time it took her to review, recall and recite the poetry was recorded. This is an example of _____. a. a recall ratio b. relearning c. reintegration d. none of these options

b.

To remember the names of the Great Lakes (Huron, Ontario, Michigan, Erie, and Superior), it helps to remember the word "HOMES" which provides the first letter for each lake's name. This mnemonic device is called: a. substitute word method b. acronyms c. method of loci d. peg-word method

b.

Valerie uses the word "JAMBO" to help remember the names of her cousins; James, Adam, Matthew, Bryon and Orville; that she typically only sees at family reunions This mnemonic memory device is called. a. method of loci b. acronym method c. substitute word method d. peg-word method

b.

What are two processes that can help us strengthen long-term memory? a. sensory memory and maintenance rehearsal b. organization and elaborative rehearsal c. maintenance rehearsal and organization d. stimulus retrieval and sensory memory

b.

According to research, eyewitnesses generally report _____ confidence in the accuracy of their inaccurate memories. a. moderate b. very little c. strong d. little

c.

Anterograde amnesia is the inability to _____ after an injury. a. recall your grade point average b. remember where you live c. form new memories d. recall old memories

c.

If information is not quickly transferred from sensory to ____ it is lost. a. maintenance rehearsal b. long-term memory c. short-term memory d. perceptual

c.

James uses the _____ mnemonic device for remembering that the names of the Great lakes start with the letters in HOMES. a. method of loci b. word association c. acronym d. peg word

c.

Knowledge of facts and the relationships between them is called _____ memory, whereas knowledge of events is called _____ memory. a. informative; autobiographical b. factual; landmark c. semantic; episodic d. acquired; innate

c.

Miguel has an average memory capacity. Which of the following lists is the MOST likely to forget? a. Karen, Kathy, Katie, Keith, Kevin, Kim b. IBM, CBS, FBI, CIA, NBC, ABC, ESP c. ZKQ, LMP, TSC, XRJ d. 123, 456, 789, 987, 654, 321

c.

Mona's sister called to tell her the new cell phone number, and on her way to write it down her son asked what was for dinner. When she started to write down the number she realized that she couldn't remember it. This is an example of forgetting due to _____________________. a. memory bias b. proactive interference c. encoding failure d. retroactive interference

c.

Simone is asked for the name of her current psychology instructor. This information can be found within ______________. a. procedural memory b. implicit/nondeclarative memory c. explicit/declarative memory d. semantic memory

c.

The first stage of the traditional three-stage memory model is: a. retrieval memory b. encoded memory c. sensory memory d. picture memory

c.

As a college student, Elaine is taking French, but she is having a difficult time with the class. She took Spanish as a high school student and believes that the Spanish that she learned is interfering with her ability to learn French. This is an example of: a. proactive interference b. encoding failure c. retrograde amnesia d. retroactive interference

a.

Credit card numbers, social security identification numbers, and telephone numbers are all grouped into three or four units separated by hyphens. The numbers are easier to remember when they are grouped into units. Grouping separate pieces of information into a single unit is called _____________. a. chunking b. central executive c. maintenance rehearsal d. visuospatial sketchpad

a.

Enhancing transfer of information to long-term memory by building in additional cues is called: a. elaborative rehearsal b. maintenance rehearsal c. motivational learning d. sensory encoding

a.

How long is information held in short-term memory storage? a. less than a minute b. one moment c. a lifetime d. about 5-9 days

a.

Jackie studied her notes for her engineering exam in the same order each night. What is likely to happen during the exam? a. She is likely to remember the material at the beginning and end of her notes better than the material in the middle. b. The order of presentation makes no difference in learning. c. She will remember the material in the middle most accurately. d. Studying the notes in the same order will help her remember all the material equally well.

a.

Long-term memory is believed to have an unlimited capacity. a. True b. False

a.

The following descriptions are characteristic of _____: information lasts for a few seconds or less, a large but not unlimited storage capacity, and transmission of an accurate but not perfect "image." a. sensory memory b. working memory c. perceptual processes d. short-term storage

a.

The method of loci mnemonic system uses _____ to organize information to be learned. a. images of physical locations b. numbers c. images of objects to represent numbers d. substitute words

a.

This is a vivid memory of circumstances associated with strongly emotional or surprise events that triggers hormone release. a. Flashbulb memory b. Eidetic memory c. The Zeigarnik effect d. Photographic memory

a.

When you swallow the last bite of a divine piece of chocolate and continue to experience the delightful taste for a bit longer, you are utilizing your _____. a. sensory memory system b. mnemonic devices c. imaginary sensory system d. hedonistic nature

a.

Which of the following does NOT happen to information in short-term memory? a. it is retrieved b. it passes into more permanent storage c. it is lost d. it is used

a.

Which of the following statements about short-term memory (STM) is FALSE? a. The capacity of STM is about five to nine items. b. STM stores exact duplicates of sensory memory. c. Information in STM is either transferred quickly into the next stage (LTM) or it is lost. d. The duration of STM is about 30 seconds unless the information is being maintained by rehearsal or another type of processing.

b.

The human memory ___________. a. is like a video recorder b. is an exact storehouse of all information we encounter c. processes, stores, and retrieves information d. is like a small replica of the environment

c.

The second stage of the traditional three-stage memory model is: a. retrieval memory b. encoded memory c. short-term memory d. sensory memory

c.

The serial position effect suggests that people will remember _____ items better than _____ items on a list. a. end; middle or beginning b. middle and end; beginning c. beginning and end; middle d. beginning; middle or end

c.

The third stage of the traditional three-stage memory model is: a. picture memory b. sensory memory c. long-term memory d. retrieval memory

c.

This is an encoding technique linking new information to previously stored material in LTM. a. Maintenance rehearsal b. Shallow processing c. Elaborative rehearsal d. Hierarchical encoding

c.

This is an internal record or representation of some prior event or experience. a. Cognition b. Intellect c. Memory d. Perception

c.

Which of the following are subsystems of implicit/non-declarative memory? a. semantic and episodic memory b. semantic and procedural memory c. procedural and classically conditioned memory d. classically conditioned and episodic memory e. semantic, procedural, and episodic memory

c.

Which of the following is not a memory improvement technique cited in the text? a. rehearsal techniques b. time management c. humorous imagery d. mnemonic devices

c.

A retrieval failure that involves a sensation of knowing something, but being temporarily unable to retrieve it is called _____. a. reintegration b. state-dependent forgetting c. regressed repression d. the tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon

d.

How much information can be held in short-term memory at once? a. any novel or important stimuli b. up to 40 items c. every sight, sound, taste, and smell d. about 5-9 items

d.

John studied for his psychology exam for approximately 90 minutes every night for five nights in a row. Bill crammed for nearly eight hours the day before the exam. Which person is likely to perform better on the exam? a. Bill is more likely to perform better because he studied closer to the actual test time. b. It is impossible to say who is likely to do better. c. The two men will perform equally well because they invested roughly the same amount of time preparing. d. John is more likely to perform better because he spread his study time out and took rest breaks.

d.

Jonathan is an alcoholic and was in a terrible automobile crash. He can't remember events that occurred after the accident. This memory loss from brain trauma is known as _____ amnesia. a. retrograde b. retroactive c. proactive d. anterograde

d.

Maintenance rehearsal is: a. not useful for information you need to use immediately b. better than sensory encoding because it includes more stimuli c. an important part of long-term memory d. precarious, because if repetition is interrupted the information is lost

d.

The lobe(s) that take(s) the heaviest hit in a TBI is/are the _______ lobe(s). a. frontal b. temporal c. occipital d. both frontal and temporal e. all of these

d.

The patient H. M. was unable to remember information from the last few years before his operation and has difficulty forming new memories. This is because of _____. a. anterograde amnesia b. probable damage to his temporal lobes c. retrograde amnesia d. all of the above

d.

What are the stages of memory in the traditional three-stage model? a. passive sensory stage, active sensory stage, long-term memory stage b. perceptual rehearsal, elaborative rehearsal, maintenance rehearsal c. encoding, entering, enshrining d. sensory memory, short-term memory, long-term memory

d.

What process can help us retain information in short-term memory? a. encoding b. sensory memorization c. selective forgetting d. maintenance rehearsal

d.

When he gives a speech in class, Greg uses a mnemonic device developed by early Greek and Roman orators. He imagines that parts of his speech are attached to places inside a familiar building. During the speech, he mentally "walks around" the building and visualizes each point in order. This mnemonic device is called: a. peg-word method b. substitute word method c. method of word association d. method of loci

d.

With regard to memory, tying shoes requires the use of your _____. a. episodic memory b. explicit memory c. semantic memory d. procedural memory

d.

Although our memory of a frightening event may be strong... a. we may focus on key elements, such as weapons, while ignoring other details. b. we may be caught off-guard by a surprising incident, and be too confused to remember details. c. we can be affected by schemas or suggestions others ask us after the incident d. we may experience information overload, which exceeds our short-term memory capacity e. all of the above

e.

_______ memories are not as easily forgotten as _______ memories. a. episodic; semantic b. procedural; classically conditioned c. semantic; implicit d. explicit; procedural e. implicit; explicit

e.