Mencius & Hsun-Tzu
In regard to his political philosophy, Mencius maintains that the mandate of heaven to rulers is expressed in people's acceptance of his rule.
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Mencius built his entire philosophy on the key idea that human nature is originally good.
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On the notion of the proportionate blending between Chih and li, Mencius laid greater stress than Confucius on the chih over the li.
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The natural tendency of water to flow downwards is for Mencius a good analogy for the natural goodness of human beings.
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According to Hsun-Tzu, the human beings' desire to be good is a valid counter-argument to his own view, because this desire means that humans are naturally good.
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According to Hsun-Tzu, there would still be need for li and government power of punishment to produce social order.
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According to Hsun-Tzu, we are self-sufficient to supply for our individual needs
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According to Mencius, the people do not have the right to revolt against tyranny and misrule.
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According to Mencius, we are unequal in that some have more natural goodness, others have less.
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According to Mencius, we can love ourselves and our families without extending this love to social circles beyond our families.
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For Mencius, the conception of humans as naturally good means that human beings are actually good and do not need improvement.
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Hsun-Tzu thinks that the way to achieve a moral life is by suppressing one's evil natural tendencies.
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Hsun-Tzu's contrary view that humans are naturally bad only means that human beings do not have any beginnings of goodness, as Mencius argues.
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Mencius explains the existence of evil in humans by the sole agency of environmental factors
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Your being able to make water also shoot upwards is also to be ascribed to the nature of water.
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According to Hsun-Tzu, education is like straightening a warped piece of wood.
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According to Hsun-Tzu, we cannot live with others just as we are with our natural tendencies without mutually destroying ourselves.
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According to Mencius, deposing an unjust ruler is not really deposing a king or ruler, but a mere thief or criminal.
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According to Mencius, the difference between the small man and the sage is in the fact that the latter habitually follows the parts in himself that are higher in status, whereas the former habitually follows the parts in his nature that are of smaller importance.
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According to Mencius, we cannot love mankind without loving ourselves and our families first.
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