MGMT 2103 - Module 12 (Chapter 16)

True or false: Perceptions of politics (POP) have been linked to undesirable outcomes such as increased stress and decreased job satisfaction. True False

True

Which of the following are ways to increase the relative effectiveness of influence tactics? (Check all that apply.) a) Being flirtatious b) Being credible c) Being trustworthy d) Being self-involved

b) Being credible c) Being trustworthy

Which of the following are reasons why it is important to assign blame correctly? (Check all that apply.) a) To make sure others recognize your superiority b) To influence your behavior in the future c) To keep your influence intact d) To stay on top of coalition-level politics

b) To influence your behavior in the future c) To keep your influence intact

Ways that organizations can create structural empowerment include: (Select all that apply) a) decreasing the effectiveness of employee decision making b) changing job design c) changing job responsibilities d) increasing the effectiveness of employee decision making

b) changing job design c) changing job responsibilities d) increasing the effectiveness of employee decision making

Organizational politics is defined as a) efforts to enhance employee performance, well-being, and positive attitudes. b) intentional actions to improve individual or organizational interests. c) the discretion and the means to enforce your will over others. d) experiencing a sense of meaning, competence, self-determination, and impact at work.

b) intentional actions to improve individual or organizational interests.

The ability to marshal human, informational, and other resources to get something done is: a) coercive power b) power c) control d) authority

b) power

Elements of structural empowerment that are inputs to psychological empowerment include: (select all that apply) a) job satisfaction b) practices c) policies d) job characteristics

b) practices c) policies d) job characteristics

When someone reacts to an attempt to influence their behavior by refusing to comply it is: a) commitment b) resistance c) collusion d) compliance

b) resistance

Triggers such as change, strong competition, or vague performance measures create: a) positive feelings among employees b) uncertainty in organizations c) certainty in organizations d) positive incentives

b) uncertainty in organizations

How can managers use their power to supercharge the performance of those they manage? a) Show employees who's the boss. b) Develop blaming and deferring techniques. c) Hijack ideas from staff to present to upper management. d) Empower employees to make sound decisions.

d) Empower employees to make sound decisions.

Managers who obtain compliance primarily because of their formal authority to make decisions use __________ __________

legitimate power

Impression management encompasses which of the following? a) speech b) behavior c) position d) appearance

a) speech b) behavior d) appearance

What are ill-defined decision processes likely to trigger in organizations? a) camaraderie b) apologies c) uncertainty d) confidence

c) uncertainty

Match the political tactic in the left column with the correct explanation from the right column. Bending the rules Creating a favorable image Ingratiation Building a network Blaming others - Minimizing association with failure - Creating a support system inside and outside the organization - Making higher-ups feel good - Interpreting or not enforcing rules to serve your own interests - Adhering to organizational norms

Bending the rules - Interpreting or not enforcing rules to serve your own interests Creating a favorable image - Adhering to organizational norms Ingratiation - Making higher-ups feel good Building a network - Creating a support system inside and outside the organization Blaming others - Minimizing association with failure

Match the influence tactic in the left column with the correct explanation from the right column. Instructions Exchange Coalition tactics Pressure Legitimacy tactics - Using intimidation or threats - Using one's authority or organizational rules or policies; support from superiors - Trading favors, making or implying promises - Getting others to support your efforts to persuade

Exchange - Trading favors, making or implying promises Coalition tactics - Getting others to support your efforts to persuade Pressure - Using intimidation or threats Legitimacy tactics - Using one's authority or organizational rules or policies; support from superiors

Match the element of psychological empowerment in the left column with its correct meaning in the right column. Meaning Competence Self-determination Impact at work - Feeling that your efforts make a difference to your organization - Belief that your goals align with your team and management - Personal evaluation of your ability to do your job - Sense that you have control over your work and its outcomes

Meaning - Belief that your goals align with your team and management Competence - Personal evaluation of your ability to do your job Self-determination - Sense that you have control over your work and its outcomes Impact at work - Feeling that your efforts make a difference to your organization

Match the level of political action in an organization in the left column to its distinguishing characteristic from the right column. Network level Coalition level Individual level - Cooperative pursuit of general self-interests - Individual pursuit of general self-interests - Cooperative pursuit of group interests in specific issues

Network level - Cooperative pursuit of general self-interests Coalition level - Cooperative pursuit of group interests in specific issues Individual level - Individual pursuit of general self-interests

Match the influence tactic in the left column with the correct explanation from the right column. Rational persuasion Inspirational appeals Consultation Ingratiation Personal Appeals - Involving others in planning and making decisions about changes - Using logic, reason, or facts to convince another - Using praise, flattery, humor, or helpfulness before making a request - Referring to friendship or loyalty when making a request - Appealing to emotions, ideals, or values

Rational persuasion - Using logic, reason, or facts to convince another Inspirational appeals - Appealing to emotions, ideals, or values Consultation - Involving others in planning and making decisions about changes Ingratiation - Using praise, flattery, humor, or helpfulness before making a request Personal Appeals - Referring to friendship or loyalty when making a request

Match the Principle of Persuasion in the left column with the explanation from the right. Instructions Scarcity Liking Reciprocity Consistency Authority Social Proof - Get a personal commitment - Both good and bad deeds will be repaid in kind - People want information and opportunities that are hard to get - Use informal conversations to learn about others; offer sincere and timely praise and recognition - Role models and peer pressure build influence - People respect credible experts

Scarcity - People want information and opportunities that are hard to get Liking - Use informal conversations to learn about others; offer sincere and timely praise and recognition Reciprocity - Both good and bad deeds will be repaid in kind Consistency - Get a personal commitment Authority - People respect credible experts Social Proof - Role models and peer pressure build influence

Which of the following are practical and effective ways for managers to use their power? a) Apply a larger variety of influence and political tactics. b) Never apologize to those you manage. c) Develop sources of personal power. d) Use your power only when necessary.

a) Apply a larger variety of influence and political tactics. c) Develop sources of personal power. d) Use your power only when necessary.

Robert Cialdini's research identified six principles for influencing people. What ideas were these principles based on? (Select all that apply) a) People have fundamental responses to influence attempts. b) No two individuals have the same responses to influence attempts. c) If your efforts align with the fundamental responses, your influence increases. d) If your efforts align with the fundamental responses, your influence decreases.

a) People have fundamental responses to influence attempts. c) If your efforts align with the fundamental responses, your influence increases.

When working in a virtual environment, how can people reduce ambiguity? (Check all that apply.) a) Provide examples. b) Provide daily e-mails. c) Share information. d) Create accountability.

a) Provide examples. c) Share information. d) Create accountability.

What techniques can individuals use to develop power and influence? (select all that apply) a) Use position and personal power. b) Develop referent power. c) Match influence and political tactics to suit the situation. d) Never apologize to anyone.

a) Use position and personal power. b) Develop referent power. c) Match influence and political tactics to suit the situation

The three blaming styles researchers found in people from a large variety of industries include a) blaming oneself b) blaming the events c) denying blame d) blaming the company e) blaming others

a) blaming oneself c) denying blame e) blaming others

Step 3 in the creation of an influence plan involves deciding what you want or need from the person you hope to influence. What are the two possible choices? a) compliance b) cognition c) constraint d) commitment

a) compliance d) commitment

Any attempt to control or manipulate the images related to a person, organization, or idea is: a) impression management b) politically extreme c) coalition building d) networking

a) impression management

Conscious efforts to affect and change a specific behavior in others are: a) influence tactics b) psychological tactics c) structural tactics d) empowerment

a) influence tactics

Which of the core influence tactics are most effective at building commitment? (select all that apply) a) inspirational appeals b) rational persuasion c) consultation d) legitimating tactics

a) inspirational appeals b) rational persuasion c) consultation

Empowerment tends to improve an employee's (Select all that apply) a) job satisfaction. b) authoritative coercion. c) organizational commitment. d) performance.

a) job satisfaction. c) organizational commitment. d) performance.

Employees who are psychologically empowered feel a sense of: (Select all that apply) a) meaning b) competence c) self-determination d) domination

a) meaning b) competence c) self-determination

The forms of power associated with one's job or position in an organization are referred to as position power and include: (select all that apply) a) reward power b) legitimate power c) coercive power d) expert power

a) reward power b) legitimate power c) coercive power

Political maneuvering in organizations is triggered by uncertainty most often caused by: (select all that apply) a) strong group competition b) vague performance measures c) unclear objectives d) clear performance measures

a) strong group competition b) vague performance measures c) unclear objectives

Which of the following are structural empowerment inputs that contribute to feelings of psychological empowerment? a) work space b) coercive power c) organizational policies d) job characteristics

c) organizational policies d) job characteristics

Intentional acts of influence to enhance or protect the self-interest of individuals or groups that are not endorsed or aligned with those of the organization are known as: a) the informal organization b) the grapevine c) organizational politics d) organizational structure

c) organizational politics

Individuals or organizations that obtain compliance by promising or granting rewards use which base of power? a) coercive power b) legitimate power c) reward power d) referent power

c) reward power

Any attempt to control or manipulate the images related to a person, organization, or idea is ___________ ___________

impression management

Intentional acts of influence to enhance or protect the self-interest of individuals or groups that are not endorsed or aligned with those of the organization are known as organizational _________________

politics

When employees feel a sense of meaning, competence, and impact at work, it is because they are ____________ empowered

psychologically