MGMT 3010 test 4

Mechanistic organizations

are rigid bureaucracies with strict rules, narrowly defined tasks, and top-down communication. A mechanistic organization generally would have one of the traditional organization designs: functional, divisional, and/or matrix

Closely related to inspiration, awe happens on a grand scale. You literally feel overwhelmed. You feel small and humble. _______makes you stop in your tracks.

awe

_________ is a stress reduction technique that is expensive because it requires a trained psychologist or counselor.

cognitive restructuring

________ is the shared belief that drives people to help others who are suffering.

compassion

An open system depends on

constant interaction with the environment for survival

_______ are specific behaviors used to deal with a stressful situation.

coping strategies

In Kotter's step of creating the guiding coalition, managers

create a cross-functional, cross-level group of people with enough power to lead the change

The focus of the unfreezing stage is to

create the motivation to change

Transformational innovations are targeted at

creating new markets and customers and they rely on developing breakthroughs and inventing things that don't currently exist

Five key change agent characteristics that can cause resistance to change are:

decisions that disrupt cultural traditions or group relationships, personality conflicts, lack of tact or poor timing, leadership style, and failing to legitimize change

The four key external forces for change are

demographic characteristics, technological advancements, market changes, and social and political pressures

______ is a component of a person's core self-evaluation; it influences how we perceive ourselves and how we perceive the world.

efficacy

Organizational climate is defined as

employees' perceptions of formal and informal organizational policies, practices, procedures, and routines.

_______ is defined as the state of being completely involved in an activity for its own sake.

flow

One of the "pros" of _________ organizations is clear roles and responsibilities.

functional

Organizations defined by a traditional approach tend to have

functional, divisional, and/or matrix structures

Four key principles of conscious capitalism are

higher purpose, stakeholder interdependence, conscious leadership, and conscious culture.

In a __________ structure, teams or workgroups, either temporary or permanent, are created to improve collaboration and work on common products.

horizontal

In a horizontal structure, teams or workgroups, either temporary or permanent, are created to

improve collaboration and work on common projects

In addition to showing the chain of command, the organization chart

indicates extensive division of labor

Hierarchy of authority

is a control mechanism dedicated to making sure the right people do the right things at the right time

Information interpretation

is about making sense of the information that organizations have acquired and distributed

The first step of Kotter's change model

is to establish a sense of urgency

An example of social and political pressures for change is

oil prices. Social and political pressures are created by social and political events

The internal processes approach is appropriate when

organizational performance is strongly influenced by specific processes

the key contributors to an organizational climate that fosters positive OB:

organizational values, organizational practices, and virtuous leadership.

According to the contingency approach to organizational design,

organizations tend to be more effective when they are structured to fit the demands of the situation

Flourishing is positively related to

outcomes at both the group/team level (team performance) and the organizational level (overall productivity and financial performance).

_________is successful performance that dramatically exceeds the norm in a positive direction, which is good for the organization.

positive deviance

________ change is the most complex, costly, and uncertain of changes.

radically innovative

_______ is the characteristic of PsyCap that consists of bouncing back from adversity.

resilience

A ________ outlines an organization's long-term direction and the actions necessary to achieve the planned results.

strategic plan

Experts suggest that managers should consider four key issues when making decisions about how best to design an organization:

strategy and goals, technology, size, and human resources

Mindfulness is defined as

the awareness that emerges through paying attention on purpose, in the present moment, and nonjudgmentally to the unfolding of experience moment by moment.

The participation and involvement approach to overcoming resistance to change should be used when

the initiators do not have all the information they need to make the change

Mission statements represent

the reason organizations exist

The ________ principle specifies that each employee should report to only one manager.

unity of command

Key assumptions underlying Lewin's change model are:

Learn and unlearn. The change process involves learning something new, as well as discontinuing or unlearning current attitudes, behaviors, or organizational practices Motivation. Change will not occur unless there is motivation to change. People make or break. People are the key to all organizational changes. Resistance. Resistance to change is found even when the goals of change are highly desirable. Reinforce. Effective change requires reinforcing new behaviors, attitudes, and organizational practices.

benefit of functional structures

People devote more of their time to what they do best, Members develop pride in their specialty, which helps quality, Supervisors understand what department members do, They can save money by grouping together people who need similar materials or equipment.

focus on wealth

_________ is one characteristic that would describe an organization without positive OB.

If there is a lack of information or inaccurate information about the change, management should

adopt an education and communication approach to managing resistance to change

When positive practices have an escalating effect on positive outcomes because of their association with positive emotions and social capital, a(n) _________ effect has occurred.

amplifyig

the three effects of positive organizational behavior are

amplifying, buffering, and positivity