MGMT Chapter 16
will be motivated by the sense of family
Motivation refers to the process by which a person's efforts are energized, directed, and sustained toward attaining a goal. However, managers must also choose a specific method based on their understanding of their employees—as the text suggests. Joie de Vivre Hospitality assumes that its employees ________.
focusing on the strengths of individual team members.
A manager can successfully deal with different personalities by:
Increase sales by 10% during the next quarter.
A sales manager wants to establish a goal that will result in maximum motivation and superior performance for his sales staff. Which of the following would be the most effective goal?
expectancy, instrumentality, and valence
According to expectancy theory, an individual's motivation depends on three variables or relationships:
feedback
According to the job characteristics model, which core job dimension directly contributes to the critical psychological state of knowledge of the actual results of the work activities?
the work itself
According to Herzberg's two-factor theory, which of the following would be considered a motivator?
externally; internally
According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, lower-order needs are predominantly satisfied ________, whereas higher-order needs are satisfied ________.
enlargement
Adding tasks to an existing job is referred to as job
persistence
Alicia is determined to finish her research paper. If that means she has to put in some late nights over the next few weeks, she is willing to do so because she's not going to give up after all the work she has already put into the paper. This willingness to continue on with the project represents which element of motivation?
distributive
Anika is disturbed to learn that she is only receiving a 2% merit pay increase when her cubicle mate is receiving 3%. She most likely believes that ________ justice has not been achieved in giving out raises.
expectancy
Bao is confident that, if he puts in a few late nights at the library, he'll be able to complete his research paper on time. In terms of expectancy theory, this is an example of ________.
autonomy
By redesigning the method in which some employees work—in other words, allowing them to telecommute or take time to contemplate and get their creative juices flowing—Rudi's Bakery is acknowledging the importance of ________ within the job characteristics model.
enlargement
Carmen is a receptionist at a medical practice. She checks patients in for their appointments, schedules new appointments, and calls patients to remind them of their appointments. Her job has been redesigned so that she can now accept payments from patients and issue receipts. This change would best describe job ________.
safety needs
Chip Conley of Joie de Vivre Hospitality states that an employee's survival needs (i.e., knowing he or she has a job, has benefits, and will receive an annual wage increase) need to be met and are extremely important. An employee who feels this way is most likely motivated by ________.
Theory X
Chip Conley of Joie de Vivre Hospitality states that the most common reason that workers leave a job is because of a poor relationship with their boss. If a worker wants to leave his or her job because the manager didn't trust him or her, and the manager kept trying to follow the worker around to continually micro-manage, that manager was probably a proponent of ________.
that people differ in terms of what they value.
Comparing your list with others in your class tells you:
reinforcers
Consequences that immediately follow a behavior and increase the probability that the behavior will be repeated are referred to as ________.
motivational
Doug Radi described an example where Rudi's Bakery took the stress level of one of its employees into consideration and revised her job to minimize the stress. Herzberg would call this a concentration on ________ factors.
enjoy the informal interactions at work that satisfy their social needs
Doug Radi mentions that one employee was motivated by the offer of telecommuting; however, this might not work for all employees because some workers ________.
Equity theory
Eric has put a lot of effort into his job performance because he is up for promotion this year. However, his coworker Jacob has put in what he would consider to be a very minimal effort this past year. Nonetheless, Jacob gets the promotion, leaving Eric feeling disappointed and unrewarded for his hard work. What motivation theory is best representative of this situation?
open-book management
Every month, senior managers at Acme Bicycle hold an informational meeting with employees at all levels within the organization. They share copies of financial statements with the employees and encourage them to share the data with other employees and use it in their daily work. To help employees better understand the data, the accounting manager holds an informal brown-bag lunch training session every week in which a few items from the financial statements are explained in-depth. This illustrates the motivational approach known as ________.
social
If Chip Conley, Joie de Vivre Hospitality's founder, were to say that any employee could nominate any other employee for a reward based on their performance, then an employee who was so nominated by his or her peers would probably have his or her ________ need fulfilled, according to Maslow.
affiliation
Gabriela, a university professor, likes to conduct research and publish articles in her field of expertise, but what she enjoys most is her time in the classroom, interacting with her students. She especially relishes the one-on-one time that she has with students during academic advising. According to the three-needs theory, Gabriela has a high need for ________.
helps you make smart career and job choices.
Having a solid understanding of knowing what motivates you:
Reinforcement Theory
If Joie de Vivre Hospitality proposes to give employees $50 gift certificates to reward hard work and success, which of the following theories is Joie de Vivre Hospitality most likely applying to keep its workforce motivated?
work from home on their computers
In a recent study of employees in thirteen countries, the top motivators included being treated with respect and having a work-life balance. Rudi's Bakery has addressed these motivation factors by allowing some employees to ________.
enrichment
Jamal is a member service representative at a credit union. Until recently, his job consisted of handling members' deposits and withdrawals. He can now sell certificates of deposit, advise customers on the types and terms of available loans, and assist them with completing loan applications—functions that were previously done by his team leader. This type of job design option would best be described as job ________.
safety
Job security, health insurance benefits, and seniority pay would serve to fulfill which level of needs in Maslow's hierarchy of needs?
Individual productivity
Nicoh Corporation is in the early stages of developing a pay-for-performance program. On which of the following factors should the firm base rewards in order for employees to achieve maximum motivation?
flexible
One of the items on the list is _________working hours.
Skill variety
One of the things that Alexis enjoys about her job is that no two days are the same. Every day, she encounters new situations that require her to utilize different abilities and talents. Which element of the job characteristics model does this illustrate?
job challenge
Professionals are likely to be more motivated by
achievement
Thad has always been a hard-charger when it comes to his career. He's the first one in the office every morning and the last one to leave, and it's important to him to excel in everything he does. According to McClelland, Thad would appear to have a high need for ________.
disengaged workers
The Gallup organization has conducted polls identifying large percentages of employees who are sleepwalking through their workday and are not passionate about their work. These employees are referred to as ________.
energy
The element of motivation that is a measure of an individual's drive, intensity, and vigor to attain a goal is referred to as
12
The number of items (factors) in the "what motivates you" list is:
design
The process of combining tasks in order to form complete jobs is referred to as job
Valence
The program chair in the business administration division is retiring at the end of the year, but Jana has no desire to apply for the position because she knows it would mean longer hours and more administrative work for not much more money. Which aspect of expectancy theory does this best describe?
typically motivated by many factors
This video reinforces the statement in this chapter that says people are
Hold team meetings
What mechanism can a manager use to deal with different personalities?
autonomy
Which core job dimension in the job characteristics model (JCM) describes the degree to which a job provides substantial freedom, independence, and discretion to the individual in scheduling the work and determining task procedures?
It can lead to different interpretations for how to handle a situation.
Which of the following is a significant challenge of dealing with different personalities at work?
The process by which a person's efforts are energized, directed, and sustained through attaining a goal
Which of the following is the BEST definition of motivation?
Group work is likely to be more motivating when the country's culture scores low on the nurturing criterion.
Which of the following statements is NOT true concerning the challenges of managing cross-cultural motivation?
Achievement, power, and affiliation
Which of the following were identified by David McClelland as acquired needs that are major motives in work?
Compensation
Which of the following would likely be considered an outcome in terms of equity theory?
Equity theory
Which theory of motivation proposes that employees compare what they get out of their jobs in relation to what they put into it and then determine if that is fair based on a comparison with others?
It gives them the ability to be present in the moment.
Why is it important for employees to be self-aware?
self-efficacy
refers to an individual's belief that he or she is capable of successfully performing a task.
Task significance
Amira's job as the director of the humane shelter is exhausting and can be heartbreaking at times, but she loves her job because she knows that she makes a difference in the lives of thousands of homeless animals every year. Which dimension of the job characteristics model does this describe?
False
It's highly likely that you and your best friend will be motivated by the same things.
Social
What's most important to Sandra in life isn't money or status; it's being able to interact with people and have friends and family. Which level of needs would this represent in Maslow's hierarchy of needs?