MGMT Chapter 16

will be motivated by the sense of family

Motivation refers to the process by which a​ person's efforts are​ energized, directed, and sustained toward attaining a goal.​ However, managers must also choose a specific method based on their understanding of their employees—as the text suggests. Joie de Vivre Hospitality assumes that its employees​ ________.

focusing on the strengths of individual team members.

A manager can successfully deal with different personalities​ by:

Increase sales by​ 10% during the next quarter.

A sales manager wants to establish a goal that will result in maximum motivation and superior performance for his sales staff. Which of the following would be the most effective​ goal?

expectancy, instrumentality, and valence

According to expectancy​ theory, an​ individual's motivation depends on three variables or​ relationships:

feedback

According to the job characteristics​ model, which core job dimension directly contributes to the critical psychological state of knowledge of the actual results of the work​ activities?

the work itself

According to​ Herzberg's two-factor​ theory, which of the following would be considered a​ motivator?

externally; internally

According to​ Maslow's hierarchy of needs​ theory, lower-order needs are predominantly satisfied​ ________, whereas​ higher-order needs are satisfied​ ________.

enlargement

Adding tasks to an existing job is referred to as job

persistence

Alicia is determined to finish her research paper. If that means she has to put in some late nights over the next few​ weeks, she is willing to do so because​ she's not going to give up after all the work she has already put into the paper. This willingness to continue on with the project represents which element of​ motivation?

distributive

Anika is disturbed to learn that she is only receiving a​ 2% merit pay increase when her cubicle mate is receiving​ 3%. She most likely believes that​ ________ justice has not been achieved in giving out raises.

expectancy

Bao is confident​ that, if he puts in a few late nights at the​ library, he'll be able to complete his research paper on time. In terms of expectancy​ theory, this is an example of​ ________.

autonomy

By redesigning the method in which some employees work—in other​ words, allowing them to telecommute or take time to contemplate and get their creative juices flowing—​Rudi's Bakery is acknowledging the importance of​ ________ within the job characteristics model.

enlargement

Carmen is a receptionist at a medical practice. She checks patients in for their​ appointments, schedules new​ appointments, and calls patients to remind them of their appointments. Her job has been redesigned so that she can now accept payments from patients and issue receipts. This change would best describe job​ ________.

safety needs

Chip Conley of Joie de Vivre Hospitality states that an​ employee's survival needs​ (i.e., knowing he or she has a​ job, has​ benefits, and will receive an annual wage​ increase) need to be met and are extremely important. An employee who feels this way is most likely motivated by​ ________.

Theory X

Chip Conley of Joie de Vivre Hospitality states that the most common reason that workers leave a job is because of a poor relationship with their boss. If a worker wants to leave his or her job because the manager​ didn't trust him or​ her, and the manager kept trying to follow the worker around to continually​ micro-manage, that manager was probably a proponent of​ ________.

that people differ in terms of what they value.

Comparing your list with others in your class tells​ you:

reinforcers

Consequences that immediately follow a behavior and increase the probability that the behavior will be repeated are referred to as​ ________.

motivational

Doug Radi described an example where​ Rudi's Bakery took the stress level of one of its employees into consideration and revised her job to minimize the stress. Herzberg would call this a concentration on​ ________ factors.

enjoy the informal interactions at work that satisfy their social needs

Doug Radi mentions that one employee was motivated by the offer of​ telecommuting; however, this might not work for all employees because some workers​ ________.

Equity theory

Eric has put a lot of effort into his job performance because he is up for promotion this year.​ However, his coworker Jacob has put in what he would consider to be a very minimal effort this past year.​ Nonetheless, Jacob gets the​ promotion, leaving Eric feeling disappointed and unrewarded for his hard work. What motivation theory is best representative of this​ situation?

open-book management

Every​ month, senior managers at Acme Bicycle hold an informational meeting with employees at all levels within the organization. They share copies of financial statements with the employees and encourage them to share the data with other employees and use it in their daily work. To help employees better understand the​ data, the accounting manager holds an informal​ brown-bag lunch training session every week in which a few items from the financial statements are explained​ in-depth. This illustrates the motivational approach known as​ ________.

social

If Chip​ Conley, Joie de Vivre​ Hospitality's founder, were to say that any employee could nominate any other employee for a reward based on their​ performance, then an employee who was so nominated by his or her peers would probably have his or her​ ________ need​ fulfilled, according to Maslow.

affiliation

Gabriela, a university​ professor, likes to conduct research and publish articles in her field of​ expertise, but what she enjoys most is her time in the​ classroom, interacting with her students. She especially relishes the​ one-on-one time that she has with students during academic advising. According to the​ three-needs theory, Gabriela has a high need for​ ________.

helps you make smart career and job choices.

Having a solid understanding of knowing what motivates​ you:

Reinforcement Theory

If Joie de Vivre Hospitality proposes to give employees​ $50 gift certificates to reward hard work and​ success, which of the following theories is Joie de Vivre Hospitality most likely applying to keep its workforce​ motivated?

work from home on their computers

In a recent study of employees in thirteen​ countries, the top motivators included being treated with respect and having a​ work-life balance.​ Rudi's Bakery has addressed these motivation factors by allowing some employees to​ ________.

enrichment

Jamal is a member service representative at a credit union. Until​ recently, his job consisted of handling​ members' deposits and withdrawals. He can now sell certificates of​ deposit, advise customers on the types and terms of available​ loans, and assist them with completing loan applications—functions that were previously done by his team leader. This type of job design option would best be described as job​ ________.

safety

Job​ security, health insurance​ benefits, and seniority pay would serve to fulfill which level of needs in​ Maslow's hierarchy of​ needs?

Individual productivity

Nicoh Corporation is in the early stages of developing a​ pay-for-performance program. On which of the following factors should the firm base rewards in order for employees to achieve maximum​ motivation?

flexible

One of the items on the list is​ _________working hours.

Skill variety

One of the things that Alexis enjoys about her job is that no two days are the same. Every​ day, she encounters new situations that require her to utilize different abilities and talents. Which element of the job characteristics model does this​ illustrate?

job challenge

Professionals are likely to be more motivated by​

achievement

Thad has always been a​ hard-charger when it comes to his career.​ He's the first one in the office every morning and the last one to​ leave, and​ it's important to him to excel in everything he does. According to​ McClelland, Thad would appear to have a high need for​ ________.

disengaged workers

The Gallup organization has conducted polls identifying large percentages of employees who are sleepwalking through their workday and are not passionate about their work. These employees are referred to as​ ________.

energy

The element of motivation that is a measure of an​ individual's drive,​ intensity, and vigor to attain a goal is referred to as​

12

The number of items​ (factors) in the​ "what motivates​ you" list​ is:

design

The process of combining tasks in order to form complete jobs is referred to as job​

Valence

The program chair in the business administration division is retiring at the end of the​ year, but Jana has no desire to apply for the position because she knows it would mean longer hours and more administrative work for not much more money. Which aspect of expectancy theory does this best​ describe?

typically motivated by many factors

This video reinforces the statement in this chapter that says people are​

Hold team meetings

What mechanism can a manager use to deal with different​ personalities?

autonomy

Which core job dimension in the job characteristics model​ (JCM) describes the degree to which a job provides substantial​ freedom, independence, and discretion to the individual in scheduling the work and determining task​ procedures?

It can lead to different interpretations for how to handle a situation.

Which of the following is a significant challenge of dealing with different personalities at​ work?

The process by which a​ person's efforts are​ energized, directed, and sustained through attaining a goal

Which of the following is the BEST definition of​ motivation?

Group work is likely to be more motivating when the​ country's culture scores low on the nurturing criterion.

Which of the following statements is NOT true concerning the challenges of managing​ cross-cultural motivation?

​Achievement, power, and affiliation

Which of the following were identified by David McClelland as acquired needs that are major motives in​ work?

Compensation

Which of the following would likely be considered an outcome in terms of equity​ theory?

Equity theory

Which theory of motivation proposes that employees compare what they get out of their jobs in relation to what they put into it and then determine if that is fair based on a comparison with​ others?

It gives them the ability to be present in the moment.

Why is it important for employees to be​ self-aware?

self-efficacy

refers to an​ individual's belief that he or she is capable of successfully performing a task.

Task significance

​Amira's job as the director of the humane shelter is exhausting and can be heartbreaking at​ times, but she loves her job because she knows that she makes a difference in the lives of thousands of homeless animals every year. Which dimension of the job characteristics model does this​ describe?

False

​It's highly likely that you and your best friend will be motivated by the same things.

Social

​What's most important to Sandra in life​ isn't money or​ status; it's being able to interact with people and have friends and family. Which level of needs would this represent in​ Maslow's hierarchy of​ needs?