MGMT Chapter 8

A person who sees the need for and champions productive change within the organization is called an idea champion.

true

An ambidextrous approach means incorporating structures and processes that are appropriate for both the creative impulse and for the systematic implementation of innovations

true

An idea incubator is in-house program that provides a safe harbor where ideas from employees throughout the organization can be developed without interference from company bureaucracy or politics.

true

In the unfreezing step, participants must be made aware of problems and be willing to change

true

Mergers/acquisitions, organizational decline, and conflict management are the three types of current problems that organizational development managers face.

true

The acceptance of mistakes, the freedom to discuss ideas, and the assignment of non-specialists to problems are characteristics of creative organizations or departments.

true

The communication and education approach for overcoming resistance to change should be used when the change is technical and the users need accurate information and analysis to understand change

true

The disparity between existing and desired performance levels is the need for change

true

The horizontal linkage model is increasingly important in high pressure business environments that require rapidly developing and commercializing products and services.

true

Training is one of the most frequently used approaches to changing people's mindsets

true

Two possible tactics for overcoming resistance to change are coercion and negotiation.

true

Organizational development involves three distinct stages for achieving behavioral and attitudinal change. The three stages, in order, are: 1) unfreeze, change, refreeze 2) change, implement, impose 3) freeze, change, unfreeze 4) inform, teach, change

1) unfreeze, change, refreeze

For the compact disc industry, the advent of MP3 technology can best be described as what type of innovation? a. Disruptive innovation b. Service innovation c. Productive innovation d. Restructuring innovation

Disruptive innovation

_____ schedule materials to arrive at a company just as they are needed on the production line. a. Mass customization systems b. LIFO systems c. First-in, first-out systems d. Just-in-time inventory systems e. Last-in, first-out systems

Just-in-time inventory systems

High-Low Productions recently appointed 75 employees and external stakeholders to a temporary group that would discuss problems and opportunities, and would gather perspectives on changes that need to take place within the company. High-Low Productions is utilizing which organizational change tool? a. Organizational development b. Skunkwork c. Telecommuting d. Focus group e. Large-group intervention

Large-group intervention

_____ is NOT a type of current problem that organizational development can help address. a. Mergers b. Acquisitions c. Diversification d. Organizational decline e. Conflict management

diversification

The horizontal linkage model is best applied to a(n): a. low pressure environment. b. stable environment. c. environment that requires speed. d. customer service environment. e. manufacturing environment.

environment that requires speed.

Confrontation, authoritarianism, and disciplined exploration are characteristics of the creative individuals

false

Lack of trust is perhaps the biggest obstacle to organizational change.

false

People change starts with training everyone in the organization

false

Restraining forces can be thought of as problems or opportunities that provide motivation for change within the organization

false

Survey feedback enhances the cohesiveness and success of organizational groups and teams.

false

The idea in the large-group intervention is to get a sample of people who may have an interest in the organization, gather perspectives from the selected parts of the system, and allow the sample to create a collective future.

false

Before implementing new changes in work schedules, Trudy's Trinkets works with the union to ensure a smooth transition. What approach to change is this company using? a. Negotiation b. Top management support c. Participation d. Coercion e. Education

negotiation

According to Fast Company, in 2013, _____ was ranked as the World's Most Innovative Company. a. Nike b. Pinterest c. Target d. Apple e. Procter & Gamble

nike

The _____ approach is the most appropriate when users have the power to resist the proposed change. a. negotiation b. top management support c. participation d. coercion e. education

participation

Jurgen is one of several middle managers sent to a training course on leadership skills. Through this effort, the organization is attempting: a. organization change b. organization development c. people change d. culture change e. artifact change

people change

"The Brain" is a permanent secret group within one of the nation's largest auto manufacturers. Members of this elite group focus intently on developing new and innovative automobile technologies. "The Brain" can best be described as what type of group or team? a. Cross-functional team b. Fast-cycle team c. Brainstorming team d. Skunkwork e. New-venture team

skunkwork

A change agent is an OD specialist who contracts with an organization to facilitate change

true

Organizational change refers to the adoption of a new idea or behavior by an organization.

true

Organizational development involves the application of behavioral science techniques to improve an organization's effectiveness and success.

true

Ashley has average technical skills but her real strengths lay in visualizing the benefits of other's ideas and in finding financial and political support for these ideas. Ashley is an excellent example of a(n): a. critic. b. sponsor. c. idea champion. d. inventor. e. bureaucrat.

idea champion

Communication and education tactic to change implementation should be used when: 1) change is technical. 2) group has power over implementation. 3) initiators clearly have power. 4) group will lose out in change. 5) users need to feel involved.

1) change is technical.

The innovation strategy for changing products and technologies that involves managers putting in place processes and structures to ensure that new ideas are carried forward for acceptance and implementation is known as _____. 1) innovation roles 2) cooperation 3) horizontal linkage 4) idea incubator 5) exploration

1) innovation roles

Which of the following is a characteristic of the large-group intervention model? a. Results in incremental change b. Learning for the small group c. Addresses the entire system d. Gradual time frame e. Limited distribution

Addresses the entire system

Which of the following provides a safe harbor where ideas from employees throughout the company can be developed without interference from company bureaucracy or politics? a. An idea champion b. A sponsor c. A new-venture team d. An idea incubator e. An inventor

An idea incubator

When trying to overcome the resistance for change, which approach is best suited when change is technical? 1) Communication 2) Participation 3) Negotiation 4) Top management support 5) Coercion

1) Communication

_____ refers to innovations in products, services, or processes that radically change an industry's rules of the game for producers and consumers. 1) Disruptive innovation 2) Productive innovation 3) Restructuring innovation 4) Trickle up innovation 5) Reverse innovation

1) Disruptive innovation

Which of the following is a change in the manner in which an organization does its work? 1) Technology 2) Creativity 3) Entrepreneurship 4) Product 5) Incremental

1) Technology

Which of the following provides a safe harbor where ideas from employees throughout the company can be developed without interference from company bureaucracy or politics? 1) An inventor 2) An idea incubator 3) An idea champion 4) A sponsor 5) A new-venture team

2) An idea incubator

The _____ approach to change implementation should be used when users have power to resist. 1) education 2) participation 3) domination 4) coercion 5) top management support

2) participation

Which of the following is a person who sees the need for and fights for productive change in an organization? 1) A creative individual 2) A sponsor 3) An idea champion 4) A catalyst 5) A critic

3) An idea champion

Which approach to change implementation should be used when a crisis exists? 1) Education 2) Participation 3) Coercion 4) Top management support 5) None of these

3) Coercion

The generation of novel ideas that may meet perceived needs or respond to opportunities for the organization is called _____. 1) strategic analysis 2) an ideal champion 3) creativity 4) a search initiative 5) a great idea

3) creativity

A _____ change is related to the organization production process. 1) structural 2) competitive 3) technological 4) new product 5) culture/people

3) technological

After every quarterly board meeting, Bernice's Bracelets, Inc. announces big changes. They usually do not follow through on these changes. What is causing this lack of enthusiasm? a. Disagreements about the benefits b. Self-interests c. A lack of trust d. Goals and assessments e. Competitors

A lack of trust

Successful change requires that organizations be capable of both creating and implementing ideas, which means the organization must learn to be _____. 1) compliant 2) rightsized 3) cordial 4) ambidextrous 5) intra-focused

4) ambidextrous

Shared development of innovations among several departments is emphasized by the _____ approach to innovation 1) vertical 2) bottom-up 3) diagonal 4) horizontal linkage model 5) top down

4) horizontal linkage model

Which of the following describes a person who is passionately committed to a new product of idea despite rejection by others? 1) An investor 2) A sponsor 3) A new-venture team 4) A skunkwork 5) An idea champion

5) An idea champion

At which stage of the change process do managers evaluate problems and opportunities? 1) Internal forces 2) Initiate change 3) Monitor forces for change 4) Implement change 5) Need for change

5) Need for change

Which of the following means extending the search for and commercializing new ideas beyond the boundaries of the organization and even beyond the boundaries of the industry? 1) An idea incubator 2) An idea champion 3) A new-venture team 4) An inventor 5) Open innovation

5) Open innovation

_____ change is a change in the organization's product or service outputs. 1) Technology 2) Creative 3) Entrepreneurship 4) Incremental 5) Product

5) Product

The adoption of a new idea or behavior by an organization is known as organizational _____. 1) intervention. 2) development. 3) responsibility. 4) structure. 5) change.

5) change.

The final step to be managed in the change process is: 1) intervention 2) envisioning change 3) planning change 4) freezing 5) implementation

5) implementation

Cyrus's Resort has proposed some major structural changes within their organization. Some of the employees fear that they will lose power with the changes. They begin voicing resistance to the changes. What barrier to change are they exhibiting? a. Disagreements about the benefits b. Self-interests c. A lack of understanding and trust d. Uncertainty e. Goals and rewards

Self-interests

Successful change requires that organizations be capable of both creating and implementing ideas, which means the organization must learn to be: a. cordial. b. rightsized. c. ambidextrous. d. compliant. e. intra-focused.

ambidextrous.

Creative organizations: a. are characterized by an unusually high number of routine jobs. b. are loosely structured. c. have little ambiguity. d. have too many layers of management. e. use a centralized decision making approach.

are loosely structured.

Sandbox Sally's, Inc. is making some changes to the work schedules of its employees. Some of the employees are not happy with the changes. As their manager, Harry tells them that they can accept it or leave. What approach to change implementation is Harry using? a. Negotiation b. Top management support c. Participation d. Coercion e. Education

coercion

When trying to overcome the resistance for change, which approach is best suited when change is technical? a. Coercion b. Top management support c. Negotiation d. Participation e. Communication

communication

Artful Innovations Inc. operates with open channels of communication and an established suggestion system that encourages brainstorming and freewheeling discussions. Artful Innovations can best be described as a(n)_____ type of organization. a. experimental organization b. cooperative organization c. entrepreneurial organization d. disruptive organization e. creative organization

creative organization