MGMT Chapter 8
A person who sees the need for and champions productive change within the organization is called an idea champion.
true
An ambidextrous approach means incorporating structures and processes that are appropriate for both the creative impulse and for the systematic implementation of innovations
true
An idea incubator is in-house program that provides a safe harbor where ideas from employees throughout the organization can be developed without interference from company bureaucracy or politics.
true
In the unfreezing step, participants must be made aware of problems and be willing to change
true
Mergers/acquisitions, organizational decline, and conflict management are the three types of current problems that organizational development managers face.
true
The acceptance of mistakes, the freedom to discuss ideas, and the assignment of non-specialists to problems are characteristics of creative organizations or departments.
true
The communication and education approach for overcoming resistance to change should be used when the change is technical and the users need accurate information and analysis to understand change
true
The disparity between existing and desired performance levels is the need for change
true
The horizontal linkage model is increasingly important in high pressure business environments that require rapidly developing and commercializing products and services.
true
Training is one of the most frequently used approaches to changing people's mindsets
true
Two possible tactics for overcoming resistance to change are coercion and negotiation.
true
Organizational development involves three distinct stages for achieving behavioral and attitudinal change. The three stages, in order, are: 1) unfreeze, change, refreeze 2) change, implement, impose 3) freeze, change, unfreeze 4) inform, teach, change
1) unfreeze, change, refreeze
For the compact disc industry, the advent of MP3 technology can best be described as what type of innovation? a. Disruptive innovation b. Service innovation c. Productive innovation d. Restructuring innovation
Disruptive innovation
_____ schedule materials to arrive at a company just as they are needed on the production line. a. Mass customization systems b. LIFO systems c. First-in, first-out systems d. Just-in-time inventory systems e. Last-in, first-out systems
Just-in-time inventory systems
High-Low Productions recently appointed 75 employees and external stakeholders to a temporary group that would discuss problems and opportunities, and would gather perspectives on changes that need to take place within the company. High-Low Productions is utilizing which organizational change tool? a. Organizational development b. Skunkwork c. Telecommuting d. Focus group e. Large-group intervention
Large-group intervention
_____ is NOT a type of current problem that organizational development can help address. a. Mergers b. Acquisitions c. Diversification d. Organizational decline e. Conflict management
diversification
The horizontal linkage model is best applied to a(n): a. low pressure environment. b. stable environment. c. environment that requires speed. d. customer service environment. e. manufacturing environment.
environment that requires speed.
Confrontation, authoritarianism, and disciplined exploration are characteristics of the creative individuals
false
Lack of trust is perhaps the biggest obstacle to organizational change.
false
People change starts with training everyone in the organization
false
Restraining forces can be thought of as problems or opportunities that provide motivation for change within the organization
false
Survey feedback enhances the cohesiveness and success of organizational groups and teams.
false
The idea in the large-group intervention is to get a sample of people who may have an interest in the organization, gather perspectives from the selected parts of the system, and allow the sample to create a collective future.
false
Before implementing new changes in work schedules, Trudy's Trinkets works with the union to ensure a smooth transition. What approach to change is this company using? a. Negotiation b. Top management support c. Participation d. Coercion e. Education
negotiation
According to Fast Company, in 2013, _____ was ranked as the World's Most Innovative Company. a. Nike b. Pinterest c. Target d. Apple e. Procter & Gamble
nike
The _____ approach is the most appropriate when users have the power to resist the proposed change. a. negotiation b. top management support c. participation d. coercion e. education
participation
Jurgen is one of several middle managers sent to a training course on leadership skills. Through this effort, the organization is attempting: a. organization change b. organization development c. people change d. culture change e. artifact change
people change
"The Brain" is a permanent secret group within one of the nation's largest auto manufacturers. Members of this elite group focus intently on developing new and innovative automobile technologies. "The Brain" can best be described as what type of group or team? a. Cross-functional team b. Fast-cycle team c. Brainstorming team d. Skunkwork e. New-venture team
skunkwork
A change agent is an OD specialist who contracts with an organization to facilitate change
true
Organizational change refers to the adoption of a new idea or behavior by an organization.
true
Organizational development involves the application of behavioral science techniques to improve an organization's effectiveness and success.
true
Ashley has average technical skills but her real strengths lay in visualizing the benefits of other's ideas and in finding financial and political support for these ideas. Ashley is an excellent example of a(n): a. critic. b. sponsor. c. idea champion. d. inventor. e. bureaucrat.
idea champion
Communication and education tactic to change implementation should be used when: 1) change is technical. 2) group has power over implementation. 3) initiators clearly have power. 4) group will lose out in change. 5) users need to feel involved.
1) change is technical.
The innovation strategy for changing products and technologies that involves managers putting in place processes and structures to ensure that new ideas are carried forward for acceptance and implementation is known as _____. 1) innovation roles 2) cooperation 3) horizontal linkage 4) idea incubator 5) exploration
1) innovation roles
Which of the following is a characteristic of the large-group intervention model? a. Results in incremental change b. Learning for the small group c. Addresses the entire system d. Gradual time frame e. Limited distribution
Addresses the entire system
Which of the following provides a safe harbor where ideas from employees throughout the company can be developed without interference from company bureaucracy or politics? a. An idea champion b. A sponsor c. A new-venture team d. An idea incubator e. An inventor
An idea incubator
When trying to overcome the resistance for change, which approach is best suited when change is technical? 1) Communication 2) Participation 3) Negotiation 4) Top management support 5) Coercion
1) Communication
_____ refers to innovations in products, services, or processes that radically change an industry's rules of the game for producers and consumers. 1) Disruptive innovation 2) Productive innovation 3) Restructuring innovation 4) Trickle up innovation 5) Reverse innovation
1) Disruptive innovation
Which of the following is a change in the manner in which an organization does its work? 1) Technology 2) Creativity 3) Entrepreneurship 4) Product 5) Incremental
1) Technology
Which of the following provides a safe harbor where ideas from employees throughout the company can be developed without interference from company bureaucracy or politics? 1) An inventor 2) An idea incubator 3) An idea champion 4) A sponsor 5) A new-venture team
2) An idea incubator
The _____ approach to change implementation should be used when users have power to resist. 1) education 2) participation 3) domination 4) coercion 5) top management support
2) participation
Which of the following is a person who sees the need for and fights for productive change in an organization? 1) A creative individual 2) A sponsor 3) An idea champion 4) A catalyst 5) A critic
3) An idea champion
Which approach to change implementation should be used when a crisis exists? 1) Education 2) Participation 3) Coercion 4) Top management support 5) None of these
3) Coercion
The generation of novel ideas that may meet perceived needs or respond to opportunities for the organization is called _____. 1) strategic analysis 2) an ideal champion 3) creativity 4) a search initiative 5) a great idea
3) creativity
A _____ change is related to the organization production process. 1) structural 2) competitive 3) technological 4) new product 5) culture/people
3) technological
After every quarterly board meeting, Bernice's Bracelets, Inc. announces big changes. They usually do not follow through on these changes. What is causing this lack of enthusiasm? a. Disagreements about the benefits b. Self-interests c. A lack of trust d. Goals and assessments e. Competitors
A lack of trust
Successful change requires that organizations be capable of both creating and implementing ideas, which means the organization must learn to be _____. 1) compliant 2) rightsized 3) cordial 4) ambidextrous 5) intra-focused
4) ambidextrous
Shared development of innovations among several departments is emphasized by the _____ approach to innovation 1) vertical 2) bottom-up 3) diagonal 4) horizontal linkage model 5) top down
4) horizontal linkage model
Which of the following describes a person who is passionately committed to a new product of idea despite rejection by others? 1) An investor 2) A sponsor 3) A new-venture team 4) A skunkwork 5) An idea champion
5) An idea champion
At which stage of the change process do managers evaluate problems and opportunities? 1) Internal forces 2) Initiate change 3) Monitor forces for change 4) Implement change 5) Need for change
5) Need for change
Which of the following means extending the search for and commercializing new ideas beyond the boundaries of the organization and even beyond the boundaries of the industry? 1) An idea incubator 2) An idea champion 3) A new-venture team 4) An inventor 5) Open innovation
5) Open innovation
_____ change is a change in the organization's product or service outputs. 1) Technology 2) Creative 3) Entrepreneurship 4) Incremental 5) Product
5) Product
The adoption of a new idea or behavior by an organization is known as organizational _____. 1) intervention. 2) development. 3) responsibility. 4) structure. 5) change.
5) change.
The final step to be managed in the change process is: 1) intervention 2) envisioning change 3) planning change 4) freezing 5) implementation
5) implementation
Cyrus's Resort has proposed some major structural changes within their organization. Some of the employees fear that they will lose power with the changes. They begin voicing resistance to the changes. What barrier to change are they exhibiting? a. Disagreements about the benefits b. Self-interests c. A lack of understanding and trust d. Uncertainty e. Goals and rewards
Self-interests
Successful change requires that organizations be capable of both creating and implementing ideas, which means the organization must learn to be: a. cordial. b. rightsized. c. ambidextrous. d. compliant. e. intra-focused.
ambidextrous.
Creative organizations: a. are characterized by an unusually high number of routine jobs. b. are loosely structured. c. have little ambiguity. d. have too many layers of management. e. use a centralized decision making approach.
are loosely structured.
Sandbox Sally's, Inc. is making some changes to the work schedules of its employees. Some of the employees are not happy with the changes. As their manager, Harry tells them that they can accept it or leave. What approach to change implementation is Harry using? a. Negotiation b. Top management support c. Participation d. Coercion e. Education
coercion
When trying to overcome the resistance for change, which approach is best suited when change is technical? a. Coercion b. Top management support c. Negotiation d. Participation e. Communication
communication
Artful Innovations Inc. operates with open channels of communication and an established suggestion system that encourages brainstorming and freewheeling discussions. Artful Innovations can best be described as a(n)_____ type of organization. a. experimental organization b. cooperative organization c. entrepreneurial organization d. disruptive organization e. creative organization
creative organization