MGT 3400 Chapter 7
According to Fortune magazine, a positive approach to business has allowed some companies to address major issues profitably by meeting which of the following criteria?
having a measurable social impact implementing innovation realizing business results
What have the benefits of short meditation techniques been shown to do?
improve task performance alleviate stress enhance memory
Which of the following positive outcomes can occur with greater efficacy?
improved confidence enhanced positive outlook increased effectiveness
An end point or goal you want to achieve is represented by an
intension
Positive businesses do well and do good because they are profitable and they:
make the well-being of their stakeholders important believe supporting and developing employees is valuable in itself
The practice of mindfulness, including ______, has gained significant interest in workplaces everywhere.
meditation
Paying focused attention to what a co-worker is saying is an example of how _____ improves interpersonal communication.
mindfulness
The awareness that emerges through purposefully focusing your attention in order to fully experience an interaction is:
mindfulness
Which of the following are examples that describe the definition of the positivity effect?
moving toward life-giving energy moving away from life-draining energy
Emotions _____ that are result in actions that are narrow and specific, while emotions _____ that are often widen someone's mindset.
negative, positive
Although some business leaders try to satisfy all groups of stakeholders, realistically how many groups are given a clear priority?
one
Resiliency is powerful because resilient people are:
open to new experiences flexible to changing demands emotionally stable in the face of adversity
Which of the following helps create positivity from situation factors?
organizational culture and climate
Which of the following describes mindfulness?
paying attention on purpose being nonjudgmentally aware of what is happening being in the present moment
The concept that _____ practices escalate positive outcomes because of their association with positive emotions and social capital is known as the amplifying effect. (Enter one word in the blank.)
positive
Research about positive and negative experiences agrees that:
positive and negative experiences are not equals
Which of the following are generated in others because of upward spirals of positivity?
positive behaviors positive attitudes positive emotions
A very cohesive sales team that achieved much higher sales than expected in a much shorter time period would be an example of:
positive deviance
According to Spreitzer and Cameron from the University of Michigan, notable performance that greatly goes beyond expectations in positive ways is:
positive deviance
When organizations are defined by greed and secrecy, which of the following become central to employees?
profitability achievement uncertainty management
A positive act that is done without expectation of something in return is a(n) _____ behavior.
prosocial
Which of the following OB practices foster employee positivity?
providing information to employees that reveals the impact of their work permitting staff to make decisions employing staff who practice civility
To reap the benefits of positivity, you must:
realize that insincere positivity can be harmful be sincere and authentic
If you lose focus during breathing meditation and your mind begins to wander, what should you do?
recognize the sounds around you return your focus to breathing acknowledge the thoughts entering your mind
To make interactions into positive, worthwhile connections, you can:
support others to achieve a goal trust others to meet your expectations and let it show engage the other person by being present and attentive
Which of the following are the processes that lead to positive outcomes under the framework of positivity?
the positivity effect the amplifying effect the buffering effect
How does mindfulness improve your interactions with other people?
It increases your ability to focus on people.
The concept that positive practices escalate positive outcomes because of their association with positive emotions and social capital is known as the:
amplifying effect
The idea that positive practices in organizations lessen the effect of stressors is the ______.
buffering effect
Positive emotions have benefits that include:
building social relationships combating negative emotions bettering work performance
The view of organizations as typified by a single-minded focus on winning share which of the following characteristics?
burnout conflict distrust
Which of the following describes the components of psychological capital?
can increase job satisfaction is flexible reduces anxiety and stress
Examples of prosocial behavior include:
complimenting a team member on a recent achievement sharing expertise with a team member
In addition to doing good and being profitable, what do companies need to do to have a successful positive approach to business?
creativity
When organizations attempt to balance the needs of stakeholders, who do they consider to be part of that group?
customers employees investors
What are useful variations on the walking technique?
focusing on sound focusing on smell
In walking meditation, sending a signal to the mind to guide its attentiveness and awareness is:
forming an intention
An intention represents an end point or desired _____ you want to achieve.
goal
A study in the Harvard Business Review reported that flourishing employees exhibited:
greater commitment to their employers better overall performance decreases in burnout
The study and application of positively oriented human resource strengths and psychological capacities that can be effectively managed for performance improvement in today's workplace:
is positive organizational behavior
Positive emotions in employees support which of the following?
lower stress levels organizational commitment
Learning how to incorporate mindfulness requires which of the following?
practice time commitment
Which of the following determines how likely you are to reap the benefits of positive emotions and positive OB?
the relative frequency of your positive to negative emotions
Which of the following statements are true about the business of mindfulness?
It has become a $1 billion business. The popularity of mindfulness has grown rapidly.
Breathing meditation can be done almost anywhere and can be beneficial if done for 5 minutes twice a day. Experts recommend that you get started by practicing diaphragm breathing. List the remaining steps in breathing meditation with the first step at the top.
1. Sit comfortably in a chair, feet flat, and back erect 2. Close your eyes and breathe deeply 3. Add counting to four or five to your breaths in and out
A positive view of organizational behavior is characterized by:
positive spirals of flourishing well-being trustworthiness
For the benefits of positive organizational behavior to occur, you must have several _____ experiences for every ______ experience.
positive, negative
Match the benefits of mindfulness in the left column with an example from the right column.
Better retention --> Improving working memory can be achieved through meditation. More effective interpersonal effectiveness --> Paying attention to others' emotions reduces conflict and lessens negativity when conflict does occur. Less contemplation of current or past challenges --> Reducing rumination helps alleviate the undesirable emotional impact it can cause. Increased focus --> Improved decision-making benefits one's job performance.
Match the POB practice that fosters employee positivity from the left column with the benefit on the right.
Decision-making discretion --> Gives employees a sense of control and more chances to learn Share information --> Helps employees understand the larger picture of how their work fits in the goals of the company Minimize incivility --> Hiring employees who treat others well and with respect Provide feedback --> Offers assessments that are both motivational and instructional
Drag and drop the explanations against the corresponding elements of positive psychological capital (PsyCap).
Hope --> Persevering toward goals to succeed Efficacy --> Having confidence to take on challenging tasks Resilience --> Bouncing back after problems or adversity Optimism --> Making a positive attribution about success now and in the future
Researchers of positive and negative experiences agree that the following statements are true:
Positive experiences turn on a supportive orientation. You must have more than one positive experience to remedy a negative one. Negative experiences stimulate a survival orientation.
Which of the following statements is true about emotions?
They are short-lived.
Which of the following are positive effects of negative emotions?
They can assist you in seeking the help of others. They can make you improve.
Flourishing employees experience less burnout and take fewer sick days.
True
To have hope you need to have:
a goal and the determination to achieve it a path to achieve the goal
An organization that values vitality, appreciation, collaboration, and meaningfulness is one that:
develops thriving people and positive energy
Today, mindfulness is used to improve which of the following outcomes?
emotional cognitive physical
What can result when your positivity lacks sincerity?
erosion of trust loss of credibility reduction of influence
Strategies to increase your own positivity include:
establishing enriching connections countering negative self-talk and thoughts expressing kindness
According to its definition, the buffering effect reduces the impact of which of the following?
events that are negative
It is important to recognize negative emotions because:
to ignore them subverts health it is realistic to recognize that we experience loss, betrayal, and anger
Which of the following are actual forms of meditation that help reduce stress and negative emotions?
walking meditation breathing meditation
The upward spiral of positivity means that:
your positive behaviors, attitudes, and feelings continually reinforce your own and those of others
List the steps to implement walking meditation with the first step at the top.
1. Form an intension such as feeling your feet 2. Begin walking with your intention in mind 3. Focus on how it feels to place and lift each foot 4. Recognize distractions and refocus your attention on walking
