MGT Exam 2

Elena works in a data processing department for a large credit reporting service and is bored. She spends her days inputting an endless stream of monotonous data into much larger databases. According to the job characteristics model (JCM), one of the primary reasons for her boredom is ____.

a low degree of task identity

Which of the following positions most likely performs a staff function?

a member of the office cleaning crew

Functional departmentalization _____.

allows work to be done by highly qualified specialists

Downsizing has thinned the ranks of hospital personnel. Hospital employees were adamantly resisting any more change. What method could hospital administrators use to manage this resistance?

any or all of these

_______ allows a trucking company not only to compare its safety performances with other companies but to also adopt those practices found to be superior.

benchmarking

When the local fast-food restaurant manager caught one of her employees giving free food to his friends, she fired him on the spot. When another employee stayed late after work one night to help a woman start her car, the manager rewarded him. What type of control did the restaurant manager use in these two instances?

bureaucratic

Refer to Interpublic. It appears that the control method Interpublic believed it should have used was one that focused on whether rules and policies were being followed. This approach is called _____ .

bureaucratic control

According to social psychologist Kurt Lewin, ______ lead to differences in the form, quality, or condition of an organization over time, while _____ support the status quo, or the existing state of conditions in an organization.

change forces, resistance forces

It is appropriate to use a(n) ______ approach to manage innovation in more certain environments during periods of incremental change, in which the goals are lower costs and incremental improvements in the performance and function of the existing technological design.

compression

The ____ approach to managing innovation assumes that innovation is a predictable process made up of a series of steps that compressing the time it takes to complete those steps can speed up innovation.

compression

Refer to C&K Brewing. The brewmaster is in charge of which classical management function?

controlling

A manufacturer of acrylic and latex gloves sells to medical laboratories, to factories where employees handle chemicals, to companies that manufacture micro-tech equipment, and to cleaning services. Because it is organized to better satisfy the needs of each of its four target markets, the manufacturer uses ______ departmentalization.

customer

A technology _____ begins with the birth of a new technology and ends when that technology reaches its limits and dies and is replaced by a newer, substantially better technology.

cycle

Kodak is a company associated with photography. The company has recognized that digital photography is a threat to the future growth of the company's film business. Therefore, the company has decided to become a market leader in digital imaging. As Kodak tried to compete in this new innovation stream, it entered _____.

discontinuous change

Job specialization can result in _____.

employee boredom

As a company that manufactures janitorial cleaning supplies tries to develop more environmentally-friendly products that can clean as well as its current ones, the company's manager must select among alternatives derived from oranges, parsley, lemon, or a combination of these ingredients. This is the ____ step in the rational decision-making model.

evaluate each alternative

Choose one of the scripture passages I have shared and discuss how you relate to that passage and how it clarifies your identity as a follower of Christ.

extended response

Describe the virtual organization. Explain how the virtual organization could theoretically prove to be a more formidable competitor than any of the other types of organization is a highly complex, dynamic business environment.

extended response

Identify a job that you had (or a job that you know of) that had the characteristics of a specialized job. Analyze that job in terms of the five core job characteristics from the job characteristics model (JCM). Make specific recommendations for redesigning it by using three to five of the redesign techniques presented in the model.

extended response

A manufacturer of automatic locking devices shipped 20,000 devices to a car manufacturer that was unable to use them because of a design flaw. If the manufacturer of the devices waited until the parts were returned before determining why it created unusable component parts, it would be using ____ control.

feedback

An accident at a U.S. refinery killed two workers. By gathering information about how the men died in order to prevent a recurrence, the company used _____ control.

feedback

A car manufacturer ordered 20,000 window assemblies from a supplier. To make sure the assemblies were made to specifications, the supplier of the window assemblies shipped a sample to the car manufacturer for testing. This is an example of ____ control.

feedforward

Caterpillar announced plans to cut its production of construction equipment due to forecasted increases in steel prices. By discovering the problem with product inputs and letting customers know that its output will fall short, Caterpillar used ____ controls.

feedforward

Disadvantages of _____ departmentalization include slower decision making, the development of managers and workers with narrow experience and expertise, and makes it more difficult for cross-departmental coordination.

functional

_______ departmentalization is defined as organizing work and workers into separate units responsible for particular business functions or areas of expertise.

functional

According to Don Vicek, a former Domino's Pizza vice president, "To achieve results, you've got to properly define the goal - and that's not always easy. Vague goals are worthless. But 'increase productivity by 12% within three weeks' - that is a clear, useful goal." Vicek is discussing ______

goal specificity

Which of the following is NOT one of the components of creative work environments?

group compensation

Groupthink occurs in ______.

highly cohesive groups where there is a great deal of pressure to agree with each other

During the _____ phase of a technology cycle, companies innovate by lowering the cost and improving the functioning and performance of the dominant design.

incremental change

A company makes only one product. The company is carefully evaluating what it learned in becoming such a success to see if it could use the same strategy to expand internationally. Which perspective of the Balanced Scorecard is this manufacturer emphasizing?

innovation and learning perspective

The central concern of the job characteristics model (JCM) is _____.

internal motivation

An organization that has increased the number of different tasks that a worker perform within one particular job has engaged in ______.

job enlargement

The job design approach associated with _____ involves increasing the number of different tasks that a worker performs within one particular job and giving workers the authority and control to make meaningful decisions about their work.

job enlargement and job enrichment

The Ryerson University Library is organized in a hierarchy with six unit heads reporting to a chief librarian. Within these units are fifteen librarians and forty-seven full-time library staff. One of the tools used in the organizational development of the library was to systematically move employees from one job to another to give them an opportunity to learn and use different skills. The Ryerson University Library used ______.

job rotation

In terms of the chain of command, ______ authority is the right to command immediate subordinates, while _______ authority is the right to advise but not command others who are not subordinates.

line, staff

A glass of water and shelter from a snowstorm would be examples of _____, and a gold necklace and tickets to see professional wrestling would not be.

low order needs

Of all types of departmentalization, _____ departmentalization requires the highest level of management skill for successful implementation.

matrix

According to an electronics CEO, the first requirement of management is that it should make the fullest use of the capacities of its members. Thus any individual's job should be as little defined as possible so that it would 'shape itself' to the person's special abilities and initiative. This electronics company more than likely had a(n) ______ organization.

organic

Creativity was needed to improve efficiency without raising costs at one automobile maker. Over the last few years, the company has successfully implemented a creative engineering program that allows its plants to produce more than one type of car from the same assembly line. This successful change to a flexible manufacturing system is an example of _______.

organizational innovation

______ are types of standing plans.

policies, procedures, and rules / regulations (not 100% sure but best answer we could find)

McClellend's Learned Needs Theory identifies three needs. They are the needs for _____.

power, achievement, affiliation

A _____ exists when there is a gap between a desired state (what managers want) and an existing state (the situation that the managers are facing).

problem

A manufacturer of modular housing gives each employee a monthly $300 bonus if he or she is neither absent nor late for work for the entire month. There are no excused absences. The loss of a bonus by a parent with an emergency hospitalization of a child is an example of the use of ______.

punishment

LexisNexis realized that its ability to serve new web-based customers was severely straining its customer service department after thousands of small and midsize law firms representing a huge business opportunity had to wait 48 hours to have their Web accounts activated after signing up. Clearly, LexisNexis needed to revamp its customer sign-up and order-fulfillment processes, which were designed for large law firms and the ordering of hardcover legal tomes. LexisNexis would most likely use _____ to radically change its business practices.

reengineering

_______ is a fundamental rethinking and radical redesign of business processes to achieve dramatic improvements in critical measures of performance such as cost, quality, service, and speed.

reengineering

Marie-Helene de Taillac is a well-known European designer of understated, very delicate jewelry. Once she determined that further growth was impossible without changing how she distributed her product, she decided to open her own retail outlet to sell her products rather than letting department stores sell it. Since she made the decision without really examining how much the costs involved in implementing her decision, she has engaged in ____ behavior.

satisficing

Refer to Walgreens. Walgreens elected to reduce expenses by no longer accepting American Express cards at Walgreens stores. This occurred during which step of the control process?

taking corrective action

The development of the DVD player was a source of ______ to companies in the movie industry just as VHS types had once been.

technological discontinuity

According to the SMART guidelines, goals should be _____.

timely

Which of the following is one of the three steps in the basic process of managing organizational change outlined by Kurt Lewin?

unfreezing

As a result of their structures, matrix organizations automatically violate the principle of _____.

unity of command

One of the key assumptions underlying the chain of command is _____, which means that workers should report to just one supervisor.

unity of command

In the automobile industry, three car manufacturers and a variety of suppliers and distributors have formed a networld to create economies in production through outsourcing. It is intended for this ______ to cut as much as $3000 from the costs of producing one car.

virtual organization