MHR 301 Final pt 2

it always comes after the fact.

A disadvantage of feedback is that: a. it always comes after the fact. b. useful feedback can be very expensive. c. most people are too sensitive to receive feedback. d. it takes a long time to implement. e. it is too general to apply to most situations.

objective control

A local plumbing company installed global positioning satellite (GPS) tracking devices in all its trucks to make sure employees were going on service calls instead of running personal errands. This is an example of _____. a. concertive control b. cybernetic control c. adaptive control d. objective control e. normative control

extraversion

A person who is very active, friendly, conversational, and invigorated by interactions with others has high levels of _____. a. individualism b. emotional stability c. conscientiousness d. acceptance e. extraversion

the working relationships between modular organizations and outside companies tend to be more stable and longer lasting.

A virtual organization is different from a modular organization in that: a. the composition of a modular organization is always changing, whereas virtual organizations are extremely stable. b. virtual organizations do not require any managerial resources. c. it is much easier to control the quality of work done by network partners in a virtual organization than it is in a modular organization. d. the working relationships between modular organizations and outside companies tend to be more stable and longer lasting. e. in virtual organizations, the outside organizations are tightly linked to one central company.

intraorganizational process

A(n) _____ is the collection of activities that take place within an organization to transform inputs into outputs that customers value. a. divestiture b. feedback loop c. intraorganizational process d. micromanagement e. chain of command

bona fide occupational qualification

A(n) _____is an exception in employment law that permits sex, age, religion, and the like to be used when making employment decisions, but only if they are "reasonably necessary to the normal operation of that particular business." a. statement of qualification b. article of incorporation c. bona fide occupational qualification d. purpose statement e. four-fifths rule

short-term orientation

Aldinia is a consumer-driven country and the people of the country are oriented to the present and seek immediate gratification. Most of the citizens do not have proper savings. In this context, Aldinia scores high on _____. a. masculinity b. individualism c. uncertainty avoidance d. power distance e. short-term orientation

racial or ethnic

Although Christine promised all job applicants that she would be fair and unbiased when she considered them for the new accountant position, she confessed to her friends that she would prefer to hire an Asian because "they're so good at math." She also said that she would most likely not hire an African American because "I've never met one who worked hard." Clearly, Christine's hiring policy is an example of _____ discrimination. a. sex b. age c. disability d. racial or ethnic e. religious

bureaucratic control

Andrea gives small rewards-free lunch coupons or boxes of candy-to employees who regularly come to work on time and complete tasks. Employees who break rules or deviate from company policy, however, often get additional work as punishment. Andrea appears to be using _____ with her employees. a. structural control b. concertive control c. normative control d. bureaucratic control e. adaptive control

self-management control

As long as associate editors at Zeal Publishing accurately proofread at least 100 pages of manuscript each day, supervisors pretty much leave them alone. The associate editors are free to come up with their own schedules and work styles to achieve their daily goal. Zeal Publishing appears to follow a(n) _____ system. a. iterative control b. normative control c. concertive control d. behavior control e. self-management control

mechanistic organization.

At Elicott Inc., the marketing department has been organized into three sub divisions. The promotions division is headed by Imran, the e-marketing division is headed by Angela, and the research division is headed by Jong. The resources in the three divisions never overlap since each division contains resources specially trained for their respective tasks. There is a rigid chain of command in the organization that all the employees follow. Elicott Inc. is an example of a(n): a. mechanistic organization. b. organic organization. c. modular organization. d. non-hierarchical organization. e. informal organization.

affirmative action

Azture, an advertisement firm, is looking to increase the diversity of its work force. To achieve this, Azture is conducting job fairs at historically black colleges and women's colleges. Azture is also planning to source candidates from various racial, ethnic, and social organizations. In this scenario, Azture is using the technique of _____ to achieve its goal. a. affirmative action b. structural accommodation c. social integration d. diversity pairing e. conscientiousness

benchmarking

Baked Delights, a startup bakery, recently collected data on the quality and pricing of the products of Sweet Tooth, the largest and most popular bakery in the region, to help set up its own business standards. This is an example of _____. a. benchmarking b. corrective action c. suboptimization d. behavioral control e. business regulation

masculinity

Cultures that emphasize assertiveness, competition, material success, and achievement are said to have a high degree of _____. a. masculinity b. indulgence c. individualism d. long-term orientation e. power distance

helps employees develop their capabilities

Decentralization: a. fosters an environment for micromanagement. b. slows down the decision making process in an organization. c. is suitable for product rather than service businesses. d. empowers the top managers to make even the smallest decisions in an organization. e. helps employees develop their capabilities

conscientiousness

Diya is an exceptional employee. She maintains a schedule on a daily planner and is very well organized. She is always on time and finishes her work by the stated deadline, even if it requires her to work overtime. She also makes sure to clarify any doubts she has regarding work. In this scenario, Diya demonstrates _____. a. collectivism b. agreeableness c. introversion d. openness to experience e. conscientiousness

emotional stability

Even when he is under extreme stress or pressure, Andy is very relaxed and retains the ability to find solutions to demanding problems. His colleagues find that he rarely gets either angry or anxious. Andy has a high level of _____. a. agreeableness b. openness to experience c. conscientiousness d. extraversion e. emotional stability

modular

Except for core business activities, a _____ organization outsources all remaining business activities to outside companies, suppliers, specialists, or consultants. a. nonprofit b. transactional c. virtual d. multidimensional e. modular

control

Firms using a(n) _____ strategy lobby foreign governments or international trade agencies to change laws, regulations, or trade barriers that hurt their business in that country. a. cooperation b. avoidance c. differentiation d. control e. antagonistic

franchising

For an initial fee plus royalties, Indigo Inc. will provide Capside Textiles with training, marketing and advertising assistance, and an exclusive right to conduct Indigo's business in its country, Candinia. This arrangement is an example of a _____. a. partnership agreement b. strategic alliance c. wholly owned affiliate d. joint venture e. franchising

reciprocal interdependence

In _____, different jobs or groups work together in a back-and-forth manner to complete a process. a. micromanagement b. job deskilling c. reciprocal interdependence d. sequential interdependence e. pooled interdependence

on-the-job training

In _____, new employees are assigned to experienced employees; the new employee learns by watching the experienced employee perform the task and eventually by working alongside the experienced employee. a. on-the-job training b. vestibule training c. role-playing d. lecture training e. planned readings

pay-level decision

In order to attract more workers, Johnson Manufacturing decides to offer its employees 15 percent more pay than its competitors. This type of compensation decision is known as a(n) _____. a. employee stock ownership plan b. pay-level decision c. pay-sharing decision d. profit sharing decision e. pay-variability decision

Delegation of authority

Jana manages the art department of a small publishing company. She is normally responsible for preparing the department's monthly budget. For the next month, however, Jana has assigned the budgeting task to Miriam, one of her subordinates. Jana has informed Miriam that she is free to contact people and collect all the necessary information required to prepare the budget. Miriam is now completely responsible for the next month's budget. Which of the following is illustrated in the scenario? a. Delegation of authority b. Staff function c. Job deskilling d. Centralization e. Job specialization

feedback control

Jose is a school teacher. If students score less than fifty percent on class tests, he assigns them extra homework. Jose is using _____. a. concurrent control b. robust control c. feedforward control d. adaptive control e. feedback control

avoidance

Many companies are backing out from doing business in Xenonia because of the tense political situation there. These companies are using a(n) _____ strategy of dealing with political risks. a. cooperation b. avoidance c. control d. affiliation e. conciliatory

age discrimination

Max, a 56-year-old African American man, was terminated from his job at the local printing press after it became fully automated. His manager believed that Max was too old to learn the new computer-based method of operation. In this scenario, Max faced _____. a. sex discrimination b. racial discrimination c. age discrimination d. disability discrimination e. ethnic discrimination

negligent hiring

Miranda has been selected for a job post in Alba Inc. The company has been trying to find more information about Miranda's background and work experience. However, Miranda's previous employers have refused to divulge any information about her to Alba. There are also very few references from which Alba can get adequate information about Miranda. If Alba decides to recruit Miranda despite this, the company is more likely to be at risk of _____ lawsuits. a. negligent hiring b. disparate treatment c. adverse impact d. affirmative action e. whistleblower

job rotation.

On Mondays, Amy assembles side mirrors. On Tuesdays, she inspects dashboards for quality. On Wednesdays, she paints underbodies. On Thursdays, she assembles axles. On Fridays, she assembles taillights. This illustrates: a. job specialization. b. job enrichment. c. job deskilling. d. empowerment. e. job rotation.

take corrective action.

Once a company compares its actual performance to performance standards, the next step that it should take in the control process is to: a. perform benchmarking. b. set higher standards if current standards have not been met. c. take corrective action. d. perform suboptimization. e. set goals.

Job posting

Redd Communications Inc. has made an organizational announcement in the company's newsletter that three positions for the role of digital art specialist are open in the digital media team of the company. Redd Communications has informed that all its employees are eligible to apply for these positions. Which form of recruiting is illustrated in the scenario? a. Career progression b. Job posting c. Job deskilling d. External recruiting e. Downsizing

have better safety records on the job than other employees.

Studies have shown that people with disabilities: a. have better safety records on the job than other employees. b. are promoted at a much higher rate than other employees. c. have a lower rate of unemployment than the overall U.S. population. d. perform at the same level at their jobs even when provided with assistive technology. e. have a higher rate of absenteeism than other employees.

balance sheet

The CEO of Fox Mart wants to know what his company's financial position looked like on December 31st of last year. The financial report he should look at is the _____. a. balance sheet b. annual budget c. financial ratio d. profit-and-loss statement e. cash flow analysis

social integration

The degree to which group members are psychologically attracted to working with each other to accomplish a common objective is known as _____. a. group magnetism b. rational incorporation c. social integration d. affirmative action e. norming

needs assessment

The process of identifying and prioritizing the learning requirements of employees is called _____. a. role-playing b. mentoring c. job specification d. job analysis e. needs assessment

Feedback control

_____ is a mechanism for gathering information about performance deficiencies after they occur. a. Feedback control b. Adaptive control c. Concurrent control d. Normative control e. Feedforward control

Control Strategy

Underfoot Inc., an Androsian snow boot manufacturer, wants to sell its products in Gelgaria, but the Gelgarian government has a strict quota on the number of snow boots that can be imported into that country. Underfoot is working hard to convince Gelgaria to modify this policy in its favor. Which strategy is the company pursuing to minimize the political risk of doing business in Gelgaria? a. Avoidance b. Differentiation c. Control d. Industrial espionage e. Cooperation

collect data to determine other companies' performance standards

When setting standards by benchmarking, the last step is to _____. a. collect data to determine other companies' performance standards b. set lower performance goals standards if a company does not meet existing goals c. identify the companies against which to benchmark your standards d. determine the effects of benchmarking on your company's performance e. determine what to benchmark

The discrimination and fairness paradigm

Which of the following diversity paradigms emphasizes equal opportunity and unbiased treatment, as well as strict compliance with equal employment opportunity laws? a. The learning and effectiveness paradigm b. The empathy paradigm c. The access and legitimacy paradigm d. The discrimination and fairness paradigm e. The equity and equality paradigm

Global new ventures

Which of the following do not follow the phase model of globalization? a. Franchisors b. Global new ventures c. Exporters d. Licensors e. Joint ventures

Maintain high standards.

Which of the following is a diversity principle? a. Treat group differences as special but not important. b. Maintain high standards. c. Tailor opportunities to groups, not individuals. d. Focus on differences over commonalities. e. Solicit only positive feedback.

Good housekeeping

Which of the following is a strategy for waste prevention and reduction? a. Concertive control b. Cybernetic feasibility c. Suboptimization d. Control loss e. Good housekeeping

It regulated trade among more than 120 countries.

Which of the following is an accurate statement about the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade? a. It replaced the World Trade Organization in 1995. b. It regulated trade among more than 120 countries. c. It removed the protection of intellectual property rights. d. It increased tariffs by 40 percent on average by 2005. e. It allowed governments to provide unlimited subsidies.

Gender

Which of the following is an example of surface-level diversity? a. Personality differences b. Attitude c. Gender d. Values e. Beliefs

Diversity pairing

Which of the following is exemplified by a program in which an African American male is matched with a Caucasian female for mentoring? a. Diversity pairing b. Diversity paradigm c. Diversity principle d. Diversity heuristic e. Diversity audit

Feedforward control

_____ is a mechanism for gathering information about performance deficiencies before they occur. a. Feedback control b. Concurrent control c. Critical control d. Feedforward control e. Adaptive control

Employment discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, gender, or national origin

Which of the following is prohibited by Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964? a. Discrimination on the basis of physical or mental disabilities b. Employment discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, gender, or national origin c. Discrimination against those serving in the armed forces reserve, the National Guard, or other uniformed services d. Discrimination in employment decisions against persons age forty and older e. Hiring of employees aged 20 years and below

Market potential and access

Which of the following is the most important factor in identifying an attractive business climate? a. Transportation costs b. Company strategy c. Market potential and access d. Workforce quality e. Technological growth and adoption

They measure how quickly applicants understand spatial dimensions.

Which of the following is true about cognitive ability tests? a. They are extensive surveys that ask applicants questions about their personal backgrounds and life experiences. b. They measure past behavior to predict future behavior of the applicants. c. They measure aptitude for doing a specific task well. d. They assess personality traits and leadership qualities of managers. e. They measure how quickly applicants understand spatial dimensions.

Comparing applicants is much easier in this type of interviews.

Which of the following is true of structured interviews? a. Comparing applicants is much easier in this type of interviews. b. Different interviewers tend to ask applicants very different questions. c. They tend to include fewer job-related questions than unstructured interviews. d. They are half as accurate as unstructured interviews when it comes to predicting job performance. e. Interviewers are free to ask applicants anything they want.

Control is achieved when behavior and work procedures conform to standards.

Which of the following statements about control is true? a. Control is only an after-the-fact process. b. The control process begins when workers achieve goals. c. Control is achieved when behavior and work procedures conform to standards. d. Control is the process of measuring employee performance using scientific performance scales. e. Preventive measures are a form of planning and do not form a part of the control process.

The licensor gives up control over the quality of the product sold by the foreign licensee.

Which of the following statements is true about licensing? a. The licensor invests in production equipment and facilities to produce the product. b. The royalties paid to the licensor by the foreign licensee decrease as foreign sales increase. c. It does not allow companies to earn additional profits unless they invest more money. d. It increases tariff and nontariff barriers incurred by the parent company. e. The licensor gives up control over the quality of the product sold by the foreign licensee.

They are corporations that own businesses in two or more countries.

Which of the following statements is true about multinational corporations? a. They are corporations that own businesses in two or more countries. b. They are corporations that own businesses in their parent country but import raw materials from another country. c. They are corporations that own businesses in another country instead of their parent country. d. They are corporations that own businesses in their country but receive investments from foreign countries. e. They are corporations that own businesses in every region of their parent country.

The number of welds an employee makes in an hour

Which of the following would be an objective performance measure at an auto assembly plant? a. The number of welds an employee makes in an hour b. How friendly an employee is with customers c. How well an employee gets along with management d. Scores on a graphic rating scale e. What co-workers think about an employee's personality

global new venture

Wudwork Ventures was created by a company specifically with the goal of engaging in investment trading in countries across the world. This is an example of a _____. a. joint venture b. strategic alliance c. licensee d. franchise e. global new venture

Regulation costs

____ are the costs associated with implementing or maintaining control. a. Sunk costs b. Regulation costs c. Conversion costs d. Prime costs e. Value costs

Diversity audits

_____ are formal assessments that measure employee and management attitudes, and investigate the extent to which people are advantaged or disadvantaged with respect to hiring and promotions. a. Diversity audits b. Diversity principles c. Representativeness heuristics d. Learning and effectiveness paradigms e. Access and legitimacy paradigms

Trade barriers

_____ are government-imposed regulations that increase the cost and restrict the number of imported goods. a. Cooperative contracts b. Subsidies c. Treaties d. Licenses e. Trade barriers

Departmentalization

_____ is a method of subdividing work and workers into separate organizational units that take responsibility for completing particular tasks. a. Departmentalization b. Divestment c. Decentralization d. Reengineering e. Standardization

Disparate treatment

_____ is intentional discrimination that occurs when people, despite being qualified are not given the same hiring, promotion, or membership opportunities as other employees because of their race, color, age, sex, ethnic group, national origin, or religious beliefs. a. Adverse impact b. Reasonable accommodation c. Disparate treatment d. Job deskilling e. Affirmative action

Task identity

_____ is the degree to which a job, from beginning to end, requires completion of a whole and distinguishable piece of work. a. Skill variety b. Line function c. Task interdependence d. Task significance e. Task identity

Agreeableness

_____ is the degree to which someone is cooperative, polite, flexible, forgiving, good-natured, tolerant, and trusting. a. Extraversion b. Openness to experience c. Emotional stability d. Agreeableness e. Conscientiousness

Benchmarking

_____ is the process of determining how well other companies perform business functions or tasks. a. Feedforward control b. Suboptimization c. Structural accommodation d. Operant conditioning e. Benchmarking

Recruiting

_____ is the process of developing a pool of qualified job applicants. a. Recruiting b. Validation c. Performance appraisal d. Job deskilling e. Job analysis

Selection

_____ is the process of gathering information about job applicants to decide who should be offered a job. a. Validation b. Job analysis c. Job posting d. Selection e. Needs assessment

Line authority

_____ is the right to command immediate subordinates in the chain of command. a. Line authority b. Autonomy c. Staff function d. Line function e. Staff authority

Authority

_____ is the right to give commands, take action, and make decisions to achieve organizational objectives. a. Empowerment b. Task identity c. Authority d. Autonomy e. Accountability

Complex

_____ matrix is a form of matrix departmentalization in which managers in different parts of the matrix report to matrix managers, who help them sort out conflicts and problems. a. Customer b. Product c. Geographic d. Complex e. Centralized

Global consistency

_____ means that a multinational company with offices, manufacturing plants, and distribution facilities in different countries uses the same rules, guidelines, policies, and procedures to run all of those offices, plants, and facilities. a. Global consistency b. Customs classification c. Local adaptation d. Direct foreign investment e. Protectionism

Objective performance

_____ measures are measures of performance that are easily and directly counted or quantified. a. Objective performance b. Job evaluation c. Job analysis d. Subjective performance e. Job specification

Job specialization

_____ occurs when a job is composed of a small part of a larger task or process. a. Job enlargement b. Job specialization c. Job deskilling d. Job enrichment e. Job rotation

Field simulation

_____ places trainees in an ethnic neighborhood for three to four hours to talk to residents about cultural differences. a. Adaptability screening b. Field simulation c. Documentary training d. Trans-national adaptation e. Structural accommodation

Outplacement services

_____ provide employment counselling for employees faced with downsizing. a. Stock options b. Early retirement incentive programs c. Functional turnovers d. Job postings e. Outplacement services