MHR Quiz and Unit 4 Terms - Teams
performing
activity during this vital stage is focused on solving task problems, as contributors get their work done without hampering others
norm
an attitude, opinion, feeling, or action - shared by two or more people - that guides behavior
a group member who says ____________ is performing a task role. - "Karen, you make a very good point." - "Let's hear from those who oppose this plan." - "Bill, we haven't heard from you yet. What do you think?" - "Let's focus on the main goal here. What are we trying to accomplish?" - "You two agree more than you realize."
"lets focus on the main goal here. what are we trying to accomplish" task roles enable the work group to define, clarify, and pursue a common purpose
group
(1) two or more freely interacting individuals who (2) share norms and (3) goals and have a (4) common identity
team adaptive capacity
(ie adaptability ) is important to meet changing demands and to effectively transition members in and out
a document that describes how a team will operate is called a: - norm - contract - charter - agenda - strategic plan
- charter
Which of the following is not a way to reduce social loafing? - hold both individuals and the group accountable - increase group size - hold individuals accountable - use hybrid rewards - assure equity of effort among group members
- increase group size Ways to combat social loafing include: 1. Limit group size. 2. Assure equity of effort. 3. Hold people accountable. 4. Use hybrid rewards.
which of the following statements about norms is not true - norms are typically written down and discussed - norms clarify behavioral expectations - norms help group members avoid being embarrassed
- norms are typically written down and discussed
formal groups perform two basic functions: _____ and ______. - task and maintenance - personal and interpersonal - roles and norms - forming and adjourning - organizational and individual
- organizational and individual formal groups fulfill these two basic functions
As part of a work team in his office, it is Larry's job to make photocopies of relevant materials and hand them out to the team members during meetings. Which of the following task roles is Larry performing in his work team? - coordinator - procedural technician - orienter - evaluator - recorder
- procedural technician performs routine duties
According to research, the most effective teams are those with - high introversion - high agreeableness - similar levels of conscientiousness and mixed extraversion - high extraversion - high need for power
- similar levels
In a study of executives from 300 companies, the most desirable soft skill named was: - social skills - managerial skills - teamwork - interpersonal skills
- teamwork 64% of executives indicated this
Teams that work together over time and distance via electronic media to combine efforts and achieve common goals are called: - virtual teams - cross-functional teams - self- managing teams - intranet teams - internet teams
- virtual teams
Which of the following is not a task role - energizer - encourager - information seeker/giver - recorder - elaborator
-encourager, this is a maintenance role
In which stage of the group development process do group members resolved they power struggles so that something can be accomplished? - norming - forming - conforming - performing - storming
-norming
effective virtual team participation and management
1. adapt communications (preferences of technology) 2. share the love (use company's intranet to keep people in the loop) 3. develop productive relationships with key people on the team (lean on and can make or break team) 4. partner 5. availability 6. pace 7. updates 8. select the right people 9. communication skills are essential
how to build effective teams quickly
1. break the ice 2. don't reinvent the wheel 3. communicate a purpose and a plan 4. play to strengths 5. clarify decision making 6. information is essential - make it flow
three forms of trust
1. contractual 2. communication 3. competence
common team work competencies
1. contributes to the team's work 2. constructively interacts with team members 3. keeps team on track 4. expects quality work 5. possesses relevant knowledge, skills, and abilities for team's responsibilities
Group development process
1. forming 2. storming 3. norming 4. performing 5. adjourning
a group becomes a team when
1. leadership becomes a shared activity 2. accountability shifts from strictly individual to both individual and collective 3. the group develops its own purpose or mission 4. problem solving becomes a way of life, not a part-time activity 5. effectiveness is measured by the group's collective outcomes and products
how to combat social loafing
1. limit group size 2. assure equity of effort 3. hold people accountable 4. offer hybrid rewards
a group becomes a team when: - the group completes the task - maintenance toles dominate task roles - a clear leader is identified - accountability shifts from strictly individual to both individual and collective - group reaches the norming stage of group development
A group becomes a team when the following criteria are met: 1. Leadership becomes a shared activity. 2. Accountability shifts from strictly individual to both individual and collective. 3. The group develops its own purpose or mission. 4. Problem solving becomes a way of life, not a part-time activity. 5. Effectiveness is measured by the group's collective outcomes and products.
effective teams typically have more than 10 members T/F
False teams range from 2-25, however, effective teams have fewer than 10 members
Teams composed of specialists from different areas are called self-managed teams T/F
False Self-managed teams are defined as groups of workers who are given administrative oversight for their task domains. Cross-functionalism occurs when specialists from different areas are put on the same team.
the lack of face-to-face contact actually helps virtual teams to establish strong cohesion. T/F
False it Is more difficult to establish strong cohesion
in the norming stage of group development, members are attempting to figure out what their roles are T/F
False this occurs in the storming stage individuals test the leader's policies and assumptions to determine how they fit into the power structure
A norm is a set of expected behaviors for a particular position. T/F
False, a norm is an attitude, opinion, feeling, or action-shared by two or more people that guides behavior a role is a set of expected behaviors for a particular position
In the adjourning stage, group members re-commit to their dependence on the other group members T/F
False. The work is done in the adjourning stage and it is time to move on. the return to interdependence can be eased by celebrating the end and new beginnings
Sarah and Bill were recently hired at the local manufacturing plant. Before being hired, they were interviewed by the team members with whom they were going to work. The team contained members from various areas of the manufacturing process. As part of the training process, Sarah and Bill met the other team members a number of times, and learned how to perform several administrative tasks, including scheduling work assignments for the team. Sarah and Bill's new team is an example of a ________. - virtual team - self-managed team - centralized team - advice team - project team
Sarah and Bill's team is an example of a self-managed team. Self-managed teams are defined as groups of workers who are given administrative oversight for their task domains. Administrative oversight involves delegated activities such as planning, scheduling, monitoring, and staffing. These are chores normally performed by managers. In short, employees in these unique work groups act as their own supervisor.
Trust of character is known as contractual trust T/F
True
Teams are a cornerstone of work life in today's organizations T/F
True Besides being a central component of the Integrative Framework, teams are a cornerstone of work life.
team building
a catchall term for a host of techniques aimed at improving the internal functioning of work groups
trust
a reciprocal belief that another person will consider how his or her intentions and behaviors will affect you
3 C's of effective teams
charters and strategies composition capacity
three fundamental elements are recommended for those interested in establishing the return on investment (ROI) for team building
clear objectives validation performance information
self-managed teams
defined as groups of workers who are given administrative oversight for their task domains. Admin oversight involves delegated activities such as planning, scheduling, monitoring, and staffing. employees act as their own supervisor in these teams. contrasts to hierarchical or centralized teams. accountability is maintained indirectly by outside managers and leaders more than 75% of 1000 US companies use this strategy
team performance strategies
deliberate plans that outline what exactly the team is to do, such as goal setting and defining particular member roles, tasks, and responsibilities
team charters
describe how the team will operate, such as processes for sharing information and decision making (team work)
team composition
describes a collection of jobs, personalities, knowledge, skills, abilities, and experience of team members
task roles
enable the work group to define, clarify, and pursue a common purpose 1. initiator 2. information seeker/giver 3. opinion seeker/giver 4. elaborator 5. coordinator 6. orienter 7. evaluator 8. energizer 9. procedural technician 10. recorder keep a group on track
an informal group
exists when the members' overriding purpose of getting together is friendship or a common interest
a person who serves as a passive audience has taken on the role of: - encourager - gatekeeper - standard setter - harmonizer - follower
follower
maintenance roles
foster supportive and constructive interpersonal relationships 1. encourager 2. harmonizer 3. compromiser 4. gatekeeper 5. standard setter 6. commentator 7. follower keep a group together
As part of a work group, Bob's main job is to resolve conflicts between other group members. Whenever there is an argument, he tries to figure out a solution that benefits both parties, or he quickly defuses the tension with some jokes. Which of the following roles is Bob performing within his work group? - energizer - orienter - coordinator - evaluator - harmonizer
harmonizer
forming
ice breaking stage, group members are uncertain of roles and leaders. mutual trust is low great deal of holding back to see who takes charge
norming
if groups make it through the storming stage, it is because a respected member, other than the leader, challenges the group to resolve its power struggles so something can be accomplished
a team
is a "small number of people with complementary skills who are committed to a common purpose, performance goals, and approach for which they hold themselves mutually accountable"
a role
is a set of expected behaviors for a particular position
a group role
is a set of expected behaviors for members of the group as a whole
a formal group
is assigned by organizations or their managers to accomplish specific goals
gatekeeper
main encourages all group members to participate
encourager
main fosters group solidarity by accepting and praising various view points
compromiser
main helps resolve conflict by meeting others "halfway"
harmonizer
main mediates conflict through reconciliation or humor
follower
main serves as a passive audience
standard setter
main evaluates the quality of group processes
commentator
main records and comments on group processes/dynamics
being a team player
must be: committed collaborative competent
Tracy has been part of a work group for some weeks now. She has slowly become well-acquainted with the other members and even made some new friends. Although in the beginning there were a few arguments and fights, they were resolved with time and Tracy feels a definite sense of team spirit that gets her excited about work. According to Tuckman's five-stage model of group development, which of the following stages is Tracy's group experiencing?
norming
cross-functionalism
occurs when specialists from different areas are put on the same team
formal groups fulfill two basic functions:
organizational and individual
face time
people bond when they see each other virtual means you pay less attention casual conversations have lasting benefits
A __________, is a set of expected behaviors for a particular position. - task role - competency - role - maintenance role - norm
role whereas a group role is a set of expected behaviors for members of the group as a whole
roles and norms
social building blocks for group and organizational behavior
information seeker/giver
task clarifies key issues
opinion seeker/giver
task clarifies pertinent values
orienter
task keeps group headed toward its stated goal
recorder
task performs a "group memory" function by documenting discussion and outcomes
procedural technician
task performs routine duties
energizer
task prods group to move along or to accomplish more
elaborator
task promotes greater understanding through examples or exploration of implications
coordinator
task pulls together ideas and suggestions
evaluator
task tests group's accomplishments with various criteria such as logic and practicality
initiator
task suggest new goals or ideas
group cohesiveness
the "we feeling: that binds members of a group together, is the principal by-product of stage 3
social loafing
the tendency for individual effort to decline as group size increases
hybrid rewards
those that include team and individual components
storming
time of testing, individuals test the leader's policies and assumptions as they try to determine how they fit into the power structure. procrastination may occur as a rebellion form
competence trust
trust of capability
contractual trust
trust of character
communication trust
trust of disclosure
effective team size
typically fewer than 10, 8 is most common teams can range from 2 - 25 people
adjourning
work is done, time to move on to other things, return to interdependence
virtual teams
work together over time and distance via electronic media to combine effort and achieve common goals work force is distributed 46% of organizations use virtual teams 66% of multinational organizations use such teams best for virtual teams : brainstorming ideas (72% of companies) goal setting for team (68%) and developing plans to realize goals (63%) no face-to-face contact, difficult to establish team cohesion, work satisfaction, trust, cooperative behavior, and commitment to team goals when they cross country borders, there are cultural differences