Micro Review Ch. 1
Membrane-bound organelles are only found in the cell type called a(n)
Eukaryotic
The principle that microorganisms cause certain diseases is called the ______ Theory of disease
Germ
_______ showed that flasks containing various broths gave rise to microorganisms even when the flasks were boiled and sealed with a cork.
John Needham
Which defines spontaneous generation?
Life arose from non-living matter
Why do microorganisms serve as important models for study of higher organisms?
Microorganisms have the same fundamental metabolic and genetic properties as other organisms.
All of the following statements about smallpox are true except one. Which?
Smallpox is caused by bacteria
The concept of living things arising from vital forces in non-living or decomposing materials was known as which of the following?
Spontaneous Generation
Why were Louis Pasteur's experiments with swan-necked flasks so important in helping disprove the theory of spontaneous generation?
They ended arguments that a "vital force" was necessary for spontaneous generation, while preventing contamination from microbes in the air.
Which of the following is true regarding all prokaryotes?
They lack a nucleus
Smallpox is
a viral disease
most stomach ulcers are treatable with
antibiotics
Plague is a
bacterial disease that can be transmitted by fleas
Plague is a _______.
bacterial disease that can be transmitted by fleas
Most bacteria divide by a process called____ ________, in which one cell enlarges and the divides.
binary fission
Although laboratory stocks of the causative agent still exist, humans have eliminated which of the following diseases?
bubonic plague
Peptidoglycan is found in the ______.
cell walls of bacteria
An outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease in England was controlled by ______.
destroying millions of pig, sheep, and cattle
All living organisms are now classified into three different taxonomic units called
domains
Tyndall and Cohn's experiments in the 1870s showed the presence of a heat-resistant form of bacteria called a(n)
endospores
Life is divided into three domains. What are they?
eukarya archaea bacteria
characteristics of algae
eukaryotic unicellular photosynthetic multicellular
The work of John Tyndall and Ferdinand Cohn ______.
explained why some spontaneous generation investigators got different results from those of Pasteur
which of the following are eukaryotes?
fungi, algae, protozoa, helminths
For the name Streptococcus pyogenes, the first part (Streptococcus) indicates the ________ and gives information about the shape of the organism
genus
what does the scientific name of an organism include?
genus and species
Organisms living today ______.
may be classified in three domains.
Organisms that populate the human body and which protect it from disease are termed normal
microbia
The Germ Theory of Disease states that ______.
microorganisms cause certain diseases
Microscopic fungi that are multicellular and filamentous are termed
molds
Which of the following are microscopic fungi?
molds and yeast
Compared to the range of types of plants and animals, microbes as a group are ______.
more diverse
Which of the following statements is true regarding viruses?
nonliving acellular have nucleic acid and protein
In eukaryotes, the genetic material is contained within a membrane-bound structure called the
nucleus
Viruses are ______.
obligate intracellular agents
Archaea, like bacteria, are single-celled_________ that divide via the process of __________ ___________.
organisms, binary fission
Any disease causing microorganism
pathogen
In general, disease-causing organisms are referred to as which of the following? Multiple choice question.
pathogens
All of the following are common characteristics of algae EXCEPT ______.
peptidoglycan
Most bacteria have rigid cell walls that contain a unique compound called
peptidoglycan
In addition to chlorophyll, some algae have other _________, which give them their characteristic colors.
pigments
Which of the following diseases killed one-third of the population of Europe in a four-year span (1347-1351)?
plague
The dividing bacterial cells can stick to each other. They can form characteristic arrangements such as pairs, chains, or clusters, depending on the _______. Multiple choice question.
plane of division
In what ways are archaea similar to bacteria?
prokaryotic cell structure shapes and sizes energy sources used method of multiplication
The three domains of living organisms are
protista, fungi, protozoa
Algae and protozoa are also referred to as
protists
Without microorganisms, substances required for human life such as O2 and organic nitrogen would ______.
run out
What is the only shared feature of all microbes?
small size
In 1749, John Needham produced results that _______ spontaneous generation when he showed that broths that had been boiled and then sealed with a cork _______.
support; could still give rise to microorganisms
Cervical cancer caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV) can be prevented by a(n) ______.
vaccine
Which of the following are classified as acellular infectious agents?
viroids, viruses, prions
Unlike the term microorganism, the word microbe also includes ______.
viruses
The microbial world includes three main agents that cannot reproduce independently and are thus considered non-living. These are the __________ ___________ and ______________.
viruses, viroids, prions
Emerging infectious diseases are those ______.
whose incidence has rapidly increased in the last several decades
Microscopic fungi that are single-celled are called
yeasts
Where are algae most likely to be found?
-moist terrestrial habitats -surface of oceans, lakes and streams
Scientific Order
1. Make an observation and something and ask a question about the situation 2. Develop an explanation and then devise an experiment to test this explanation 3. Collect Data from this experiment and draw a conclusion 4. Communicate the methods, results and conclusions
Microorganisms are useful in the study of higher life forms for which of the following reasons? Multiple select question.
1. Microorganisms have the same fundamental genetic properties 2. microorganisms are cheaper to study 3. microorganism multiply quickly 4. Microorganism have the same basic metabolic mechanisms