microbio module 2
mesophiles
grow at 20-40
Bacterial endospores usually function in
survival
true of viruses
technically not microbes, smaller than bacteria, morphology is used to classify, cannot reproduce on their own
Find the true statement about biofilms.
They complicate the treatment of some infections.
The general steps in a viral multiplication cycle are
adsorption, penetration, synthesis, assembly, and release.
negative stains are
an indirect staining process
simple stains are
applied to specimen after fixation onto the slide
stages of viral infection for bacteria
attachment, penetration, biosynthesis, maturation, release
Most bacteria increase their numbers by
binary fission
Which of these groups now causes more deaths on an annual basis globally than breast cancer?
fungi
Which of these organisms has the best potential to survive in extreme environments?
fungus
general purpose media
grow broad spectrum of microbes without special growth requirements
differential media
grow several types of microorganisms
Which of the following would be most useful to determine whether a clinical isolate is a bacterium, fungus, or protozoan?
its size and shape under a light microscope
Archae
lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls.
A cell exposed to a hypertonic environment will _____ by osmosis.
lose water
When phage nucleic acid is incorporated into the nucleic acid of its host cell and is replicated when the host DNA is replicated, this is considered part of which cycle?
lysogenic cycle
Nanotubes are extensions of the ________________ that can function in ________________.
membrane, nutrient transfer
gram stains are
most widely used differential stain in microbiology
A pathogen would most accurately be described as a
parasite
Which of the following is present in both gram-positive and gram-negative cell walls?
peptidoglycan
An organism that can synthesize all its required organic components from CO2 using energy from the sun is a
photoautotroph
Which structure plays a direct role in the exchange of genetic material between bacterial cells?
pilus
Clear patches in cell cultures that indicate sites of virus infection are called
plaques
The host cells that viruses can infect are determined by the
receptors on the host cells
Fungi produce which structures for reproduction and multiplication?
spores
A virus that undergoes lysogeny is a/an
temperate phage
a virus needs a host in order to replicate
true
viruses contain either DNA or RNA
true
Which descriptors are likely to have applied to the earliest microbes on the planet?
two of the above
psychophriles
0-15
Since 2000, the number of orders of viruses recognized by the International Committee on the Taxonomy of Viruses has risen from ___ to ___ .
1,9
psychotrophs
4-25
___% of human DNA is thought to consist of viral DNA sequences.
40-80
thermophiles
50-80
hyperthermophiles
80-110
Which of the following would be used to identify an unknown bacterial culture that came from a patient in the intensive care unit?
Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology
Which of the following is true of passive transport?
It requires a gradient.
algae
can reproduce on its own, overgrowth of one type causes red tide, photosynthetic organism, are eukaryotes
acid fast stains use
carbolfuchsin and treated with acid-alcohol
In a viable count, each ____ represents a ______ from the sample population.
colony, CFU
differential stains alloe
differentiation between bacterial species
true of protozoa
eukaryotes, lack a cell wall, are unicellular
all bacteria require light to grow
false
selective media
favor or select a certain microbe and allows it to gro