Microbiology 250 - Chapter #4 Self Quiz

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The site of ATP Synthesis in Prokaryotic Cells is the ____________.

Cell Membrane

A thick protective polysaccharide containing structure located outside of the cell wall.

Capsule

Has sites for protein synthesis

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Coccus

Round Sphere Bacteria

Attribute each of the following to either prokaryotes, eukaryotes, both, or neither: Meiosis

Eukaryotes

Attribute each of the following to either prokaryotes, eukaryotes, both, or neither: 80S Ribosomes

Eukaryotes

Attribute each of the following to either prokaryotes, eukaryotes, both, or neither: Cilia

Eukaryotes

Attribute each of the following to either prokaryotes, eukaryotes, both, or neither: Endoplasmic Reticulum

Eukaryotes

Attribute each of the following to either prokaryotes, eukaryotes, both, or neither: Membrane-bound Nucleus

Eukaryotes only

Polyphosphate and sulfur are stored in bacterial cells in structures called: A. Endospores B. Mesosomes C. Inclusions D. Glycocalyx E. Nucleoids

C. Inclusions

Isotonic Solution

A solution with the same concentration of water and solutes as inside a cell, resulting in the cell retaining its normal shape because there is no net movement of water.

Which of the following is not true about phagocytosis? A. It is a form of exocytosis. B. It is energy dependent. C. It only occurs in Eukaryotes. D. A larger cell engulfs a smaller cell that will eventually be present in an internal vacuole.

A. It is a form of exocytosis

Requires ATP energy to move molecules and ions against their concentration gradient.

Active Transport

Spirochete endoflagella causing corkscrew

Axial Filament

Most prokaryotes range in size from .5 to 2.0 um, yet have large surface-to-volume ratios. This large surface-to-volume ratio allows prokaryotes to: A. Ward of invaders B. Resist Antibiotics C. Get nutrients easily to all parts of the cell D. Undergo meiosis E. both B and D

C. Get nutrients easily to all parts of the cell.

MItosis differs from meiosis in the following ways EXCEPT: A. Mitosis results in a full complement of chromosomes in two cells, whereas meiosis results in four cells have half the number of chromosomes. B. In Mitosis, all chromosomes are replicated, whereas in meiosis, only half are replicated. C. Mitosis only occurs in somatic of body cells, whereas meiosis occurs in production of gametes or sex cells. D. None of the above. E. Option A and C only.

B. In Mitosis, all chromosomes are replicated, whereas in meiosis, only half are replicated.

The association of endotoxin in Gram Negative bacteria is a result of the presence of: A. Peptidoglycan B. Lipopolysaccharide C. Polypeptide D. Steroids E. Calcified Proteins

B. Lipopolysaccharide

Bacteria such as Mycoplasma that lack cell walls are: A. Sensitive to Penicillin B. Resistant to Penicillin C. Protected from adverse conditions by a waxy, acid fast coating. D. Obligated to live inside of other cells as endosymbionts.

B. Resistant to Penicillin

Attribute each of the following to either prokaryotes, eukaryotes, both, or neither: Can have extra chromosomal DNA

Both Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

Attribute each of the following to either prokaryotes, eukaryotes, both, or neither: 70s Ribosomes

Both Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

Attribute each of the following to either prokaryotes, eukaryotes, both, or neither: Fluid-mosaic Membrane

Both Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

Glucose is often present in very low concentrations in environments populated by microorganisms. To import the maximum amount of available glucose, cells use: A. Simple Diffusion B. Facilitated Diffusion C. Active Transport D. Osmosis E. Receptor - mediated endocytosis

C. Active Transport

Nonrandom response of movement toward or away from chemical concentration gradients in the environment.

Chemotaxis

Tiny hollow projection that attaches two cells, providing a conduct for exchange of genetic material.

Conjugation Pili

Spirillum

Corkscrew Shaped Bacteria

Tetrad

Cube of four cells

VIbrio

Curved Rod Shaped Bacteria

Network of microtubules and microfilaments

Cytoskeleton

Bacterial Fimbriae present on the outer surface are used for: A. Cellular Motility B. Sexual Reproduction C. Cell Wall Synthesis D. Adherence to surfaces E. Adherence and exchange of genetic information

D. Adherence to surfaces

Which of the following statements about the bacterial cell wall is FALSE? A. Gram Positive Cells have more peptidoglycan in their cell walls than Gram Negative Cells. B. Gram Negative Cells have membrane both inside and outside their cell walls. C. The cell wall establishes a bacterium's shape as a coccus, bacillus, or spirillum. D. Peptidoglycan consists of long polysaccharide chains cross linked with amino acids. E. The cell wall is relatively non permeable and restricts the passage of sugars and amino acids.

D. Peptidoglycan consists of long polysaccharide chains cross linked with amino acids.

The use of antibiotics that inhibit or inactivate cellular ribosomes will result directly in the loss of which of the following? A. ATP production B. DNA Replication C. Phagocytes D. Protein Synthesis E. Cell Division

D. Protein Synthesis

Which of the following describes prokaryotic cell membranes? A. Selectively permeable B. Regulate passage of material into and out of the cell C. Contain proteins and Phospholipids D. Contain metabolic enzymes E. All of these

E. All of these

Attribute each of the following to either prokaryotes, eukaryotes, both, or neither: "9+2" Microtubule arrangement in flagella

Eukaryotes

Attribute each of the following to either prokaryotes, eukaryotes, both, or neither: Chloroplasts

Eukaryotes

Attribute each of the following to either prokaryotes, eukaryotes, both, or neither: Mitosis

Eukaryotes

Attribute each of the following to either prokaryotes, eukaryotes, both, or neither: Respiratory Enzymes in Mitochondria

Eukaryotes

Long, thin helical appendage used for movement.

Flagellum

Passive diffusion down a concentration gradient with no expenditure of energy.

Facilitated Diffusion

Term used to describe all polysaccharide containing substances external to the cell wall.

Glycocalyx

Staph

Grapelike Cluster Bacteria

Fluid environment surrounding cells that contains a higher concentration of a dissolved substance causing cells to shrink.

Hypertonic Solution

Fluid environment surrounding cells that contains a lower concentration of a dissolved substance, causing cells to burst.

Hypotonic Solution

Fluid environment surrounding cells that contains an equal concentration of a dissolved substance, causing no change in cell volume.

Isotonic Solution

Other genera of bacteria normally have cell walls but can lose their ability to form cell walls; such bacteria are called _____________.

L - Forms

Vacuole that contains digestive enzymes

Lysosomes

Bacillus

Rod Shaped Bacteria

The site of ATP Synthesis in Eukaryotic Cells is the _____________.

Mitochondria

Attribute each of the following to either prokaryotes, eukaryotes, both, or neither: Viruses

Neither

Site of ribosome synthesis

Nucleus

Diffusion in which water molecules diffuse across a selectively permeable membrane.

Osmosis

Movement of substances down a concentration gradient with no expenditure of energy.

Passive Transport

A response of some bacteria to move toward or away from light.

Phototaxis

Peptidoglycan digested from Gram ___________ Bacteria retain their cell membrane but lose their cell walls, making them protoplasts.

Positive

Attribute each of the following to either prokaryotes, eukaryotes, both, or neither: Bacteria

Prokaryotes

Attribute each of the following to either prokaryotes, eukaryotes, both, or neither: Peptidoglycan in a cell wall

Prokaryotes

Attribute each of the following to either prokaryotes, eukaryotes, both, or neither: Single Chromosome

Prokaryotes only

Net movement of particles from a region or higher to lower concentration.

Simple Diffusion

Thin glycocalyx that prevents dehydration, traps nutrients, and allows for attachment to other cells and objects in the environment.

Slime Layer

Contains Enzymes for Lipid Synthesis

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Cell wall digests of Gram Negative bacteria retain their cell and outer membranes intact making them ____________.

Spheroplasts

Hypertonic Solution

a solution that causes a cell to shrink because of osmosis

Hypotonic Solution

a solution that causes a cell to swell because of osmosis


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