Microbiology 250 - Chapter #4 Self Quiz
The site of ATP Synthesis in Prokaryotic Cells is the ____________.
Cell Membrane
A thick protective polysaccharide containing structure located outside of the cell wall.
Capsule
Has sites for protein synthesis
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Coccus
Round Sphere Bacteria
Attribute each of the following to either prokaryotes, eukaryotes, both, or neither: Meiosis
Eukaryotes
Attribute each of the following to either prokaryotes, eukaryotes, both, or neither: 80S Ribosomes
Eukaryotes
Attribute each of the following to either prokaryotes, eukaryotes, both, or neither: Cilia
Eukaryotes
Attribute each of the following to either prokaryotes, eukaryotes, both, or neither: Endoplasmic Reticulum
Eukaryotes
Attribute each of the following to either prokaryotes, eukaryotes, both, or neither: Membrane-bound Nucleus
Eukaryotes only
Polyphosphate and sulfur are stored in bacterial cells in structures called: A. Endospores B. Mesosomes C. Inclusions D. Glycocalyx E. Nucleoids
C. Inclusions
Isotonic Solution
A solution with the same concentration of water and solutes as inside a cell, resulting in the cell retaining its normal shape because there is no net movement of water.
Which of the following is not true about phagocytosis? A. It is a form of exocytosis. B. It is energy dependent. C. It only occurs in Eukaryotes. D. A larger cell engulfs a smaller cell that will eventually be present in an internal vacuole.
A. It is a form of exocytosis
Requires ATP energy to move molecules and ions against their concentration gradient.
Active Transport
Spirochete endoflagella causing corkscrew
Axial Filament
Most prokaryotes range in size from .5 to 2.0 um, yet have large surface-to-volume ratios. This large surface-to-volume ratio allows prokaryotes to: A. Ward of invaders B. Resist Antibiotics C. Get nutrients easily to all parts of the cell D. Undergo meiosis E. both B and D
C. Get nutrients easily to all parts of the cell.
MItosis differs from meiosis in the following ways EXCEPT: A. Mitosis results in a full complement of chromosomes in two cells, whereas meiosis results in four cells have half the number of chromosomes. B. In Mitosis, all chromosomes are replicated, whereas in meiosis, only half are replicated. C. Mitosis only occurs in somatic of body cells, whereas meiosis occurs in production of gametes or sex cells. D. None of the above. E. Option A and C only.
B. In Mitosis, all chromosomes are replicated, whereas in meiosis, only half are replicated.
The association of endotoxin in Gram Negative bacteria is a result of the presence of: A. Peptidoglycan B. Lipopolysaccharide C. Polypeptide D. Steroids E. Calcified Proteins
B. Lipopolysaccharide
Bacteria such as Mycoplasma that lack cell walls are: A. Sensitive to Penicillin B. Resistant to Penicillin C. Protected from adverse conditions by a waxy, acid fast coating. D. Obligated to live inside of other cells as endosymbionts.
B. Resistant to Penicillin
Attribute each of the following to either prokaryotes, eukaryotes, both, or neither: Can have extra chromosomal DNA
Both Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes
Attribute each of the following to either prokaryotes, eukaryotes, both, or neither: 70s Ribosomes
Both Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes
Attribute each of the following to either prokaryotes, eukaryotes, both, or neither: Fluid-mosaic Membrane
Both Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes
Glucose is often present in very low concentrations in environments populated by microorganisms. To import the maximum amount of available glucose, cells use: A. Simple Diffusion B. Facilitated Diffusion C. Active Transport D. Osmosis E. Receptor - mediated endocytosis
C. Active Transport
Nonrandom response of movement toward or away from chemical concentration gradients in the environment.
Chemotaxis
Tiny hollow projection that attaches two cells, providing a conduct for exchange of genetic material.
Conjugation Pili
Spirillum
Corkscrew Shaped Bacteria
Tetrad
Cube of four cells
VIbrio
Curved Rod Shaped Bacteria
Network of microtubules and microfilaments
Cytoskeleton
Bacterial Fimbriae present on the outer surface are used for: A. Cellular Motility B. Sexual Reproduction C. Cell Wall Synthesis D. Adherence to surfaces E. Adherence and exchange of genetic information
D. Adherence to surfaces
Which of the following statements about the bacterial cell wall is FALSE? A. Gram Positive Cells have more peptidoglycan in their cell walls than Gram Negative Cells. B. Gram Negative Cells have membrane both inside and outside their cell walls. C. The cell wall establishes a bacterium's shape as a coccus, bacillus, or spirillum. D. Peptidoglycan consists of long polysaccharide chains cross linked with amino acids. E. The cell wall is relatively non permeable and restricts the passage of sugars and amino acids.
D. Peptidoglycan consists of long polysaccharide chains cross linked with amino acids.
The use of antibiotics that inhibit or inactivate cellular ribosomes will result directly in the loss of which of the following? A. ATP production B. DNA Replication C. Phagocytes D. Protein Synthesis E. Cell Division
D. Protein Synthesis
Which of the following describes prokaryotic cell membranes? A. Selectively permeable B. Regulate passage of material into and out of the cell C. Contain proteins and Phospholipids D. Contain metabolic enzymes E. All of these
E. All of these
Attribute each of the following to either prokaryotes, eukaryotes, both, or neither: "9+2" Microtubule arrangement in flagella
Eukaryotes
Attribute each of the following to either prokaryotes, eukaryotes, both, or neither: Chloroplasts
Eukaryotes
Attribute each of the following to either prokaryotes, eukaryotes, both, or neither: Mitosis
Eukaryotes
Attribute each of the following to either prokaryotes, eukaryotes, both, or neither: Respiratory Enzymes in Mitochondria
Eukaryotes
Long, thin helical appendage used for movement.
Flagellum
Passive diffusion down a concentration gradient with no expenditure of energy.
Facilitated Diffusion
Term used to describe all polysaccharide containing substances external to the cell wall.
Glycocalyx
Staph
Grapelike Cluster Bacteria
Fluid environment surrounding cells that contains a higher concentration of a dissolved substance causing cells to shrink.
Hypertonic Solution
Fluid environment surrounding cells that contains a lower concentration of a dissolved substance, causing cells to burst.
Hypotonic Solution
Fluid environment surrounding cells that contains an equal concentration of a dissolved substance, causing no change in cell volume.
Isotonic Solution
Other genera of bacteria normally have cell walls but can lose their ability to form cell walls; such bacteria are called _____________.
L - Forms
Vacuole that contains digestive enzymes
Lysosomes
Bacillus
Rod Shaped Bacteria
The site of ATP Synthesis in Eukaryotic Cells is the _____________.
Mitochondria
Attribute each of the following to either prokaryotes, eukaryotes, both, or neither: Viruses
Neither
Site of ribosome synthesis
Nucleus
Diffusion in which water molecules diffuse across a selectively permeable membrane.
Osmosis
Movement of substances down a concentration gradient with no expenditure of energy.
Passive Transport
A response of some bacteria to move toward or away from light.
Phototaxis
Peptidoglycan digested from Gram ___________ Bacteria retain their cell membrane but lose their cell walls, making them protoplasts.
Positive
Attribute each of the following to either prokaryotes, eukaryotes, both, or neither: Bacteria
Prokaryotes
Attribute each of the following to either prokaryotes, eukaryotes, both, or neither: Peptidoglycan in a cell wall
Prokaryotes
Attribute each of the following to either prokaryotes, eukaryotes, both, or neither: Single Chromosome
Prokaryotes only
Net movement of particles from a region or higher to lower concentration.
Simple Diffusion
Thin glycocalyx that prevents dehydration, traps nutrients, and allows for attachment to other cells and objects in the environment.
Slime Layer
Contains Enzymes for Lipid Synthesis
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Cell wall digests of Gram Negative bacteria retain their cell and outer membranes intact making them ____________.
Spheroplasts
Hypertonic Solution
a solution that causes a cell to shrink because of osmosis
Hypotonic Solution
a solution that causes a cell to swell because of osmosis