Microbiology CH 19

Transmitted via fomite

A Staphylococcus aureus infection spread from one wrestler to another via a floor mat

Endemic

An example would be malaria in Nigeria

Sporadic

Disease outbreak occurs on occasion

Herd immunity

Does not exist without previous epidemic exposure to, or vaccine intervention against, a disease agent

A disease that is usually present at a low level in a certain geographic area is said to be

Endemic

Which one of the following is not a direct method of disease transmission

Fomites

Horizontal Transmission

May occur with a sexual act

An epidemic disease is one that

Breaks out in explosive proportions in a population

Carriers and reservoirs are both considered

Capable of transmitting infectious disease

A person who harbors a pathogen and is a source of infection to the next person is best referred to as as(n)

Carrier

Contagious

Communicable

Case-fatality rate

28 patients died out of 47 diagnosed for a percentage of 60%

Which of the following are most likely to cause disease?

Opportunistic pathogens in a weakened host

A disease that is world-wide like HIV/AIDS is said to be

Pandemic

Which of the following is considered a new emerging infectious disease?

SARS

Pandemic

The 1918 flu outbreak which infected 500 million people across the world

Index case

The first diagnosed hepatitis infection from a contaminated salad bar at Wendy's®

Nosocomial infections account for an estimated 2 million infections and 90,000 deaths each year in the United States. Which of the following is not a common cause?

Inefficient air handling techniques

Consider the following case. At a ranch, a horse is infected with Eastern equine encephalitis virus. A mosquito bit the animal, was contaminated with the virus, and proceeded to bite and infect a ranch hand. The horse is slaughtered and its meat is consumed by the ranch hands at a cookout. Which was the vector?

Mosquito