Microbiology Chapter 9

Best describes transcription

DNA -> RNA

All the characteristics of DNA

Deoxyribose sugar, phosphate group, nitrogenous base

A mutation that causes a change in a single nucleotide in DNA

changes the corresponding nucleotide in mRNA resulting in a different codon

In eukaryotic cells, what cellular structure is composed of a neatly packaged DNA molecule?

chromosome

Addition or deletiong of bases that changes the reading of mRNA codons

frameshift mutations

The _____is the sum of total genetic material in a cell

genome

When one bacterium donates DNA to another bacterium, a type of genetic recombination known as______has occured

horizonal gene transfer

Result from exposure to known mutagens, which are primarily physical or chemical agents that damage DNA

induced mutation

Genetic_____ and the variations they produce result in population changes and thus, evolution

mutations

A______is a section of prokaryotic DNA that contains one or more genes along with a corresponding operator to control transcription

operon

Random change in the DNA arising from errors in replication that occur without a known cause

spontaneous mutation

Changing of single base in the DNA code that may result in the placement of a different amino acid

substitution mutation

The amino acid sequence of a protein determines its shape and specific function

True

The lac operon is normally in an off mode and does not initiate enzyme synthesis when the appropriate substrate is absent

True

The lac repressor protein is active in the absence of lactose within the cell

True

A mutation that changes a single nucleotide can result in a different amino acid being added into a protein

True

A structural gene ecodes the information for specific protein

True

An operon is a group of genes that is under the control of a singe operator site

True

DNA is the blueprint that indicates which kinds of proteins to make and how to make them

True

DNA mutations are passed on to a cell's progeny

True