miderm insrument
ifr flight plans filed in the ARTCC computer are usually deleted if they are not acting within what time period
1 hour
what is the maximum allowable difference when checking two VORs against each other?
4 degrees
what displacement from course is indicated by this instrument when used in conjunction with a VOR
5 degrees
refer to the following figure to match each navigation indicator with the appropriate (picture)
A. 3 B.4 C. 1 D.2
what services do ARTCCs provide for aircraft flying IFR
ARTCCs provide these services to IFR flights: separation from IFR traffic, IFR clearances, processing of IFR flight plams, reports of VFR traffic that might affect the flight, if workload permits, information regarding convective activity including vectors if requested, hazardous weather reports, terrain or obstruction alerts, emergency assistance
what does ATC issue an aircraft conflict alert
ATC issues an aircraft conflict alert when the controller determines that the minimum separation between an aircraft being controlled and another aircraft could be compromised
select the information that you can obtain by referencing the aeronautical information manual
ATC procedures a description of the airspace system and flight safety information
airspace at and above 14500 ft msl over the 48 contiguous states, District of Columbia and Alaska east of 160 west longitude but not including the airspace within 1500 ft of the surface
Class E
true/ false. station passage is indicated when the TO/FROM indicator first starts fluctuating
False
true/false normally, when flying DME arc, the bearing pointer reaches the wingtip position when the airplane is slightly outside the arc.
False
what type of approach lighting system is installed on Runway 30R
MALSR
what is the primary power instrument for establishing a specific airspeed in straight and level flight
Manifold pressure gauge or tachometer
Vlo
Maximum landing gear operating speed
transitions aircraft between the control tower and ARTCC
TRACON
what is the primary pitch instrument for maintaining a constant rate climb or descent
VSI
which flight instrument is not legally required for legally required for flight under ifr?
Vertical Speed indicator
what is the wide area augmentation system (WAAS)
WAAS enhances the accuracy of GPS by using a series of ground stations to generate a corrective message that is transmitted to the airplane by a geostationary satellite. this message accounts for positional drift of the satellites and signal delays caused by the ionosphere and other atmospheric factors
within a given area what facility is the central authority for processing an IFR flight plan
air route traffic control center
what is the primary power instrument for maintaining straight and level flight
airspeed indicator
a blocked static source affects which instruments
airspeed indicator, altimeter and vertical speed indicator
why is it impossible for a horizontal situation indicator to provide reverse sensing when tuned to a VOR
am HSI always provides proper sensing when tuned to a VOR because the CDI is mounted on a compass card which automatically rotates to the correct heading
select the true statement regarding rate and radius of turn
an increase in bank angle with a constant airspeed increases the rate of turn
when does ATC issue a terrain or obstruction alert
atc issues a terrain or obstruction alert when your Mode C altitude readout indicates your flight is below the published minimum safe altitude for that area
what is the primary pitch instrument foe establishing a constant airspeed climb or descent
attitude indicator
which flight instrument gives you an instantaneous display of both pitch and bank information
attitude indicator
Name the gyroscopic flight instrument. what are two principles that are characteristic of all gyroscopes?
attitude indicator, heading indicator and turn coordinator. the two principles are rigidity in space and precession
what instrument has malfunctioned and what is the flight attitude (picture)
attitude indicator; climbing turn to the right
airspace within which the requirements include an operating altitude-encoding transponder, an instrument-rated pilot, an IFR flight plan, and altimeters set to indicate pressure altitude
class A
airspace outside class b and class c airspace that normally extends from the surface up to 2500 ft above the elevation of the airport and having charted but poddibly irregular lateral dimensions at which a control tower is operating
class D
that porttion of the airspace within which ATC does not control air traffic
class G
airspace within which equipment requirements include an operable VOR (for IFR operations), two-way radio capable of communicating with ATC, an ATC clearance and a transponder with mode c automatic altitude
class b
airspace generally consisting of circular areas extending to 4000ft above the primary airport where the self area has a radius of 10 nm the core area has a radius of 5 nm and two way radio communication is required.
class c
what is the name of the service that enables you to receive an IFR clearance before you contact ground control for taxi?
clearance delivery
describe the three common instrument cross check errors
fixation is applying your full concentration on a single instrument and excluding all others omission is excluding on or more pertinent instrument from your scan emphasis is relying on an instrument that you readily understand, even when it provides inadequate information, instead of relying on a combination of instruments
prior to using gps for IFR operations what actions must you take
for non-WAAS GPS equipment, you must verify that RAIM will be available for the intended route and duration of the flight and ensure that you GPS navigational database is current
as you approach for landing, what color are the runway threshold lights? what color are they when departing the runway?
green, red
select the true statement regarding the digital attitude indicator
in a slip, the trapezoid of the slip/skid indicator located beneath the roll pointer moves to the inside of the turn
What is true about the indications on the altimeter
in six seconds the airplane will reach an altitude of 8460 ft MSL if it continues to climb at the same rate
how does colder-than-standard temperature affect the relationship between indicated altitude and true altitude
indicated altitude is higher than true altitude when the temperature is lower than standard, resulting in less terrain and obstruction clearance during cold weather operations
what is indicated when the airport beacon is illuminated during daylight hours
it might indicate that ground visibility less than 3 miles and/or the ceiling less than 1000 ft
what condition leads to unreliable operation of the heading indicator and attitude indicator
low vacuum pressure
what are the primary and supporting pitch instruments for maintaining straight and level flight
primary- altimeter supporting-airspeed indicator attitude indicator, VSI
select the true statement regarding an RMI
relative bearing is the angle between the head of the bearing pointer and the aircraft heading index
what is required navigation performance (RNP)
required navigation performance (RNP) is a set of standards that apply to both airspace and navigation equipment. the use of RNP in conjunction with RNAV provides greater flexibility in procedure and airspace design, as well as making it more effective for ATC to offer direct routing
name the high intensity white strobe lights located laterally, one on each side of the runway threshold
runway end identifier lights
Vs1
stalling speed in specified configuration
what are the primary and supporting bank instruments for establishing a standard-rate turn? for maintaining the standard-rate turn
standard-rate turn bank control : establishing: primary- attitude indicator; supporting- turn rate indicator/ turn coordinator, HSI/ heading indicator maintaining: primary- turn rate indicator /turn coordinator; supporting- attitude indicator
why is 45 angle commonly used when intercepting a bearing with an ADF
the 45 index marks on the heading indicator make it easy to see when you have established the correct intercept heading: similar index marks on the ADF show when you have intercepted the bearings
what are the dimensions of class A airspace
the base of Class A airspace is 18000 ft msl and extends up to and including FL600
describe the proper sequence for recovering from a nose-low, turning, increasing airspeed, unusual flight
the correct sequence to recover from a nose-low unusual attitude is to reduce is reduce power, level the wings, and raise the nose to place the aircraft symbol on the horizon line of the attitude indicator
what information is provided by the trend vector on the HSI
the end of the trend vector shows what the airplanes heading will be in six seconds if the turn continues at the rate. index marks 18 degrees either side of center on the turn-rate indicator provide a reference for standard rate turns
describe how the integrated flight display system compensates for a PFD screen failure
the integrated flight display is configured so that the functions of the PFD can be transferred to the MFD screen and vice versa. if the PFD display should automatically switch to the MFD in reversionary mode. in the event that the PFD does not appear on the MFD most systems enable you to manually switch to reversionary mode
what system has failed and what action should you take to return the airplane to straight-level- flight (picture)
the pitot system is blocked; use the attitude indicator to lower the nose and level the wings
select the true statement about the ADC
the pitot tube, static source and outside air temperature probe provide information to the ADC
describe the functions of the AHRS
to provide attitude, heading, rate of turn, and slip/skid information , integrated flight displays use an attitude and heading reference system (AHRS) the AHRS uses inertial sensors such as electronic gyroscopes and accelerometers to determine the aircraft's attitude relative to the horizon. an electronic magnetometer provides magnetic heading data
when you are tracking outbound from an NDB with the proper drift correction established toward which direction will the head of the ADF bearing pointer be deflected
to the windward side of the aircraft's tail
true/false. for domestic enroute and terminal IFR flights with a GPS receiver certified according to TSO-C129, the airplane must be equipped with alternate avionics necessary to receive the ground-based facilities appropriate for the route to the destination and to any required alternate
true
true/false. if leveling off at the descent speed for a 700 ft/min descent, begin the level off at approximately 70 feet before you reach the desired altitude
true
true/false. the gyroscopic instruments are the only flight instruments that provide bank information
true
true/false. the maximum allowable error on a VOR a check using a VOT is 4 degree
true
true/false. to comply with AIM guidelines you should plan any random routes to begin and end over arrival and departure transition fixes or navaids that are appropriate for the altitude that you will be flying. you should also defined you route with a minimum of one waypoint for each air route traffic control center area that you pass through
true
why is the turn coordinator a good back up for the attitude and heading indicators in most small airplane
turn coordinator is electrically powered, while the attitude indicator and heading indicator are vacuum powered. if either the electrical or vacuum systems fails, you still have bank information
which turn coordinator shows too little rudder pressure being used for the amount of bank
turn indicates to the left as the ball is all the way to the left
which turn coordinator shows too much rudder pressure being used for the amount of bank
turn indicates to the right as the ball is all the way to the left
how long does it take to make a 360 standard rate turn
two minutes
what does auto-sequencing mean?
when you program a departure, arrival, approach, or other route, the receiver senses when the airplane passes a waypoint and automatically cycles to the next waypoint
when should you turn on your aircraft anti-collision lights
whenever you as pilot-incommand determined that it is in the interest of saftey to do so
ATC asks you to report your position. which of the following is correct? (picture)
you are 8.5 nm nw of BRK
there is no apparent relative motion when you see this pattern of lights from your airplane. what is the relationship of the other airplane to yours?
you are following the other airplane
what is true regarding the navigation indications shown on this GPS display
you are on the course of 149 using wind correction angle to compensate for a 22 knot wind from the east
what is true regarding your flight plan? (Picture)
you are on the leg from BJC to BRK and there are 8.5 nm remaining to BRK
select the true statement regarding the requirements to use GPS equipment for IFR operations
you can determine if a GPS is approved for IFR enroute and approach operations by referring to the airplane flight manual (AFM) or AFM supplement
explain the importance of properly trimming the airplane during attitude instrument flying
you can easily adjust the attitude with gentle pressure on the controls if the airplane is properly trimmed. if you are constantly holding control pressure you cannot apply the precise pressures needed for controlled changes in attitude. an improperly trimmed airplane increases tension interrupts you cross-check and can result in abrupt or erratic control
true/false military training route flights are generally limited to operations under VFR
false
true/false runway holding position signs are black with yellow inscriptions and yellow borders
false
true/false. an enhanced flight vision system (EFVS) can be displayed on a PFD
false
a full-scale deviation of the CDI of this HSI equals what cross-track error
1.0 NM
what ADF or RMI indication would you expect when tacking on a bearing toward an NDB with a 10 degree left wind correction
10 degree right of the aircraft's nose
excluding the airspace at and below 2500 ft agl, transponders with altitude encoding capability are required in all airspace (controlled or uncontrolled) of the contiguous 48 states and the district of columbia at and above what altitude
10000 ft MSL
true/false. when turning a VOR and hearing the correct 1020 Hz Morse code identifier signal, you are assured that both the VOR and DME are properly tuned and usable for navigation
false
what is the maximum distance at which you can expect a reliable signal from high altitude VOR. At what altitude does this maximum range occur?
130 nm; 18000 ft to 45000 ft
what is the approximate bank angle required to maintain a standard rate turn at 90 knots
14 degrees
to comply with RNP standards, you must operate within what distance of the centerline of a route, path or procedure
2 nautical miles for enroute operation; 1 nautical mile for terminal operations; 0.3 nm for enroute for approach operations
what is the maximum indicated aircraft speed limit (in knots) below 2500 ft when within 4 nm of the primary airport of a class c airspace area
200 knots
how far is the threshold displaced on runway 35
234 ft
at least how many minutes prior to your planned departure should you file your ifr flight plan?
30 minutes
how many feet of runway remain when the centerline lights change from white to altering red and white lights
3000 ft
during a compass turn, what heading should you use to roll-out if making a right turn to a heading of 360 at the latitude of 45 degrees North? assume you are using a 16 degree bank angle
307 degree
in December what are the hours (in local time) when the airport is attended
6:00 am -11:00 pm (0600-2300)
assume that you are 15 nautical miles from the VOR. using the HSI inducations and a 6000 foot NM, how far off course are you in degrees and NM
7 degree; 1.75 nm
What is a flight management system (FMS)
a flight management system (FMS) automates the tasks of managing the onboard navigation equipment. An FMS acts as the input / output device for navigational data from navaids such as VOR/DME and localizer facilities and from GPS or INS equipment
if the AHRS detects a problem with the integrity of the sensor information, what occurs?
a red x is placed over the display of the affected instrument (attitude indicator or HSI)
an airspace segment that is normally 8 nm wide and extends from 1200 ft AGL (or in come cases higher) up to but not including 18000 ft msl
federal airways
list at least two common errors and their solutions that apply to maintaining altitude during attitude instrument flying
commons errors that apply to maintaining altitude during attitude instrument flying are: error- not correcting for pitch deviations during roll-out for a turns; solutions- do not fixate on the heading indicator error- consistent loss of altitude during turn entries; solutions- during turn entry, apply back pressure to compensate for the loss of vertical lift error- consistent gain in altitude when rolling out from a turn ; solution- relax back pressure during roll-out. if you added nose-up trim during the turn use some forward pressure until you can trim for level flight error- chasing the vertical speed indications; solutions- use a proper cross-check of other pitch instruments such as altimeter and attitude indicator. remember that the VSI has a lag in its indications error- applying excessive pitch corrections for the altimeter deviation; solution- do not rush the pitch correction. if you aggressively apply a large correction, you are more likely to aggravate the existing error error- failure to maintain established pitch corrections; solution- continue to maintain your scan after making a correction and be sure to trim off any control pressure
what should you use to correct for magnetic deviation
compass correction card
describe the two methods of attitude instrument flying
control and performance- this method divides the instruments into three groups: control, performance and navigation. the control and performance method is based on the idea that if you accurately established a specific attitude and power setting using the control instrument, the airplane will perform as expected. the performance instruments indicate how the aircraft responds to changes in attitude and power. primary and supporting- this method divides the panel into pitch instruments, bank instruments and power instruments and further classifies instruments as being primary or supporting depending on the maneuver you are performing and weather you are establishing or maintaining an attitude. use the primary instruments to provide the most essential information. supporting instruments reinforce the indications on the primary instruments ti help you meet the desired performance
controls traffic on and in the vicinity of a controlled airport
control tower
side stripe,
d, a,
Va
design maneuvering speed
