Midterm Review AP Biology

Carbohydrate.

A molecule with the chemical formula C16H32C16 is probably a?

Lipid

A molecule with the formula C18H36O2 is probably a..

Polymer of amino acids.

A polypeptide can best be described as a?

The activation energy barrier for this reaction cannot be surmounted.

A solution of starch at room temperature does not readily decompose to form a solution of simple sugars because...

Uracil

All the following nitrogenous bases are found in DNA except.

Lowering the energy of activation of reaction.

An enzyme catalyzes a reaction by?

Add a catalyst.

How can one increase the rate of a chemical reaction?

Function in the synthesis of protein.

Of the following functions, the major purpose of RNA is to?

Connecting monosaccharides together(condensation reactions) and also the removal of water (Dehydration reactions).

Polymers of polysaccharides, fats, and proteins are all synthesized from monomers by which process?

Activation energy.

Reactants capable of interacting to form products in a chemical reaction must first overcome a thermodynamic barrier known as the reaction´s....

Have a higher ratio of hydrogen to carbon than do unsaturated fatty acids.

Saturated fatty acids...

Breaking the bond between glucose and fructose and forming new bonds from the atoms of water.

Sucrose is a disaccharide, composed of the monosaccharides glucose and fructose. The hydrolysis of sucrose by the enzyme sucrase results in...

Side chains (R Groups).

The 20 different amino acids found in polypeptides exhibit different chemical and physical properties because of different...

Is involved in the catalytic reaction of the enzyme.

The active site of an enzyme is the region that?

Removal of a water molecule.

The bonding of two amino acid molecules to form a larger molecule requires which of the following?

Unique three-dimensional shape of the fully folded polypeptide.

The tertiary structure of a protein is the..

Thymine, adenine, guanine, and cytosine.

These all include DNA that are nitrogenous bases...

Lipid made with three fatty acids and glycerol

Triacylglycerol is a..

Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, and Nucleic acids.

What are the four major groups of macromolecules found in living organisms?

They are both polymers of glucose.

What is true about both starch and cellulose?

Enzyme catalysis is dependant on the PH and temperature of the reaction environment.

What is true of enzymes? 1.

Enzyme catalysis is dependent on the three-dimensional structure or conformation of the enzyme.

What is true of enzymes? 2

Enzymes are composed primarily of protein, but they may bind non-protein cofactors.

What is true of enzymes? 3

Enzyme activity can be inhibited if the enzymeś allosteric site is bound with a noncompetitive inhibitor.

What is true of enzymes? 4

Enzymes are proteins that function as catalysts.

What is true of enzymes? 5

Enzymes display specificity for certain molecules with which they interact.

What is true of enzymes? 6

The activity of enzymes can be regulated by other molecules.

What is true of enzymes? 7

An enzyme may be used many times over for a specific reaction.

What is true of enzymes? 8

Hydrogen bonds.

What maintains the secondary structure of a protein?

Peptide bonds.

Which bonds are created during the formation of the primary structure of a protein?

It is a major structural component of plant cell walls.

Which is true of cellulose?

Guanine and adenine

Which of the following are nitrogenous bases of the purine type?

Cytosine and uracil.

Which of the following are nitrogenous bases of the pyrimidine type?

Glycogen, starch, and chitin.

Which of the following are polysaccharides?

DNA RNA proteins.

Which of the following best describes the flow of information in eukaryotic cells?

Dehydration reactions assemble polymers, and hydrolysis breaks down polymers.

Which of the following best summarizes the relationship between dehydration reactions and hydrolysis?

A nitrogenous base, a phosphate group, and a pentose sugar.

Which of the following descriptions best fits the class of molecules known as nucleotides?

They are soluble in water, they are an important constituent of cell membranes, and they contain twice as much energy as an equivalent weight of polysaccharide.

Which of the following is (are) true for the class of large biological molecules known as...

Glucose.

Which of the following is not one of the four major groups of macromolecules found in living organisms?

Enzymes provide activation energy for the reaction they catalyze.

Which of the following is not true of enzymes?

The reaction is faster than the same reaction in the absence of the enzyme. And, The free energy change of the reaction is the same as the reaction in the absence of the enzyme.

Which of the following statements is (are) true about enzyme-catalyzed reactions?

Enzymes increase the rate of a reaction.

Which of the following statements regarding enzymes is true?

Enzymes provide activation energy for the reactions they catalyze.

Which of these statements regarding enzymes is false?