MIS 3320 Baylor Sullivan Final Review
Select THREE project characteristics that would determine which project methodology will work best for your project.
Familiarity with technology System complexity Clarity of user requirement
According to the video lectures on ERD normalization from DFD Level-0, how do you identify the entities from a Data flow diagram?
From datastores and external entities of an DFD
A system analyst MUST have the following skills, EXCEPT:
Judgement skills (business skills, technical skills, communication skills MUST)
Map the following principles for user interface design with the correct example for each principle. Layout Content awareness Aesthetics Consistency
Layout - a top area is used for commands and navigation Content Awareness - use breadcrumbs to list pages in a hierarchical order Aesthetics - never use all capital letters, except possibly for titles Consistency - use the same icon and/or command to perform a search
Transforming the user's view written in a use case into the developer's view through functional requirements is one of the system analyst's key contributions.
True
When implementing the 'minimize user effort' factor, most interface designers follow the ______________
Three-click rule
Assume you are working on a mobile shopping system. The user requirements are unclear. So, you'd like to experiment with the design options before you generate the final design. You would discard the design options. But, anything you learn from the design options will be factored into the final design. What type of methodology do you use in this case?
Throwaway prototyping
Select THREE reasons why we need a formal process of analyzing and designing a system.
To deliver value as promised To minimize failure To avoid creating an intuition based-system
What is the objective of architecture design?
To determine what parts of the application software will be assigned to what hardware
What is the purpose of data modeling?
To ensure data organization is flexible and adaptable to unanticipated business requirements
Why is a system development methodology important?
To reduce the risk of project failure due to a wrong project methodology selection
One of the common mistakes that professionals make when creating use cases is
Too business oriented or too technical
Use cases help us understand and clarify users' requirements and help us fully understand the functional requirements.
True
You only need to perform 2NF if you have an entity with multiple identifiers or primary keys in your diagram. T/F
True
Typically, the first step in the user interface design process is
Understand the user
Requirements that describe what users need to do or the tasks that users need to do are called
User requirements
Tara is an analyst building a use case. Which of the following project roles might be the most important in terms of getting information about building the use case?
Users
You are developing a new system. You'd like to focus on the verification and validation (tests) of the system because your goal is to improve the quality of the system by including Quality Assurance expertise early in the project strengthens system quality. What method you do use in this case?
V-model
Match the project development methodology on the left with it's characteristic on the left Waterfall Rapid application development Agile methodology
Waterfall - The requirements are defined long before the programming begins. This method also emphasizes on detailed documentation. Rapid application development - The team begins developing the most critical requirements in the early version of the system. User identify additional needs for... Agile methodology - Focuses on short cycles that produce a complete software product. An example of this methodology is Scrum.
What is a server-based architecture?
When the server is performing all four application functions and the clients only capture keystrokes
Under what condition would you use a fully-dressed use case?
When users are not closely engaged with the development team
A type of unit testing that looks inside the program to test its major element is called _______
White-box testing
A design prototyping method that allows an analyst to envision the use of the screens (both the screen's functionality (including how the screen will look like) and the flow form one screen to another) to accomplish an overall task is called _____________
Wireflow diagram
Assume you are developing an interface design prototype for your system. If your goal is to convey the basic content and behavior of the screen or the screen's functionality, and not how it looks, which interface design prototype method will you use?
Wireframe
The result of use case analysis should be that all required system functionality is described in the use cases.
True
In a use case, what refers to a person, another software system, or hardware device that interacts with the system to achieve a goal?
Actor
Wanda is preparing a feasibility analysis of a transportation system she is working on. What is the break-even point (BEP) for this project based on the following cashflow? Year 0 - Year 1 -Year 2 - Year 3 - Year 4 Total Benefits 15,000 - 16,000 - 20,000 - 29,000 Total Cost. 9800 - 8,500 - 8,500 - 7,000 - 6,500
1.44 years
When normalizing data models, if you take attributes that have multiple values for a single instance of an entity and create separate entities for those attributes, you are checking
1st normal form
According to this table, if we know the company, we know the CEO ({Company} --> {CEO}). However, the Age does not depend on the Company, but it depends on the CEO ({CEO} --> {Age}). According to the rule of normalization, this table does not meet ________
3NF
You are assigned to help Phil to compute the Net Present Value (with a required rate of return of 10%) of the information systems project he works on. The present value of the projected benefits and costs (in US$) are shown as follow:
60,182
Ronny is conducting an economic feasibility for his new IT project. His cashflow shows that the estimated total benefit of that project for 4 years is $5000, and the total cost of that project for 4 years is $3000. Based on that information, compute the Return of Investment (ROI) of that IT project.
66.67%
What is a transitive dependency?
A condition where attributes of an entity depend on the non-identifier attributes
A process model is
A formal way of representing how a business system operates
Take a look at the following diagram. What does the circle sign next to the crow foot mean?
A minimum number of item that can be assigned to an item category is zero (in other words, item category can exist without an item instance)
A logical process model is _____
A model that describes processes without suggesting how they are conducted
Consider the following scenario: Dan is preparing use cases for a review system he is working on. One of his use cases, "submit a review", is as follow: The use case begins when user selects a review option. The system displays the most recent products that are ready to review. User selects one product to review and the system prompts user to select one category of the review (i.e., product, delivery, buyer). User selects "product" and the system displays a form in which user can type his/her review. After user finish their review, he/she selects a submit button. The system saves the review and displays a thank you page. Select ONE possible output for Step #4. (each correct answer is worth 2 points).
A new review (destination: new review data store)
An element of a data flow diagram represented by the letter "X" is called
A process
A "miracle error" is known to describe
A process with no input dataflows
Consider the following scenario: Dan is preparing use cases for an online review system. One of his use cases, "submit a review", is as follow: The use case begins when user selects a review option. The system displays the most recent products that are ready to review. User selects one product to review and the system prompts user to select one category of the review (i.e., product, delivery, buyer). User selects "product" and the system displays a form in which user can type his/her review. After user finish their review, he/she selects a submit button. The system saves the review and displays a thank you page. Select ONE possible input for Step 2.
A product to review (source: user)
What is a user requirement?
A task that users need to do
Andrian is developing an electronic health record system. One of the system's stakeholder group is medical doctors. One of the possible use case name with medical doctors as the actor is
Access a patient's medical history
You are developing a use case to describe how students register for classes. The process is as follow: 1. The use case begins when a student accesses the course registration system. 2. The student logins to the system by entering his/her Baylor ID and password. The system verifies the login information. 3. After the login information is verified, the system then displays all the available options (i.e., add class, delete class, and view class). The student selects "add class". 4. The system prompts the student to enter the course ID. The student enters the course ID. 5. The system returns the results and displays all the available sections. The student selects the course and select "next". 6. The system asks the student if he/she would like to add another course. 6a. If the student selects "no", the system saves the student selection, generate a confirmation number, and send a notification to the accounting department for billing. 6b. If the student selects "yes", then the system will go back to step 4. Question: The "if" statement in step 6 is best described as a (an)
Alternative course
Which of the following options can be considered a semantic error?
An analyst misinterpreted the process flow in conducting the task
At what stage of the system development life cycle do you create a use case?
Analysis
At what stage of the system development life cycle does an analyst draw logical data flow diagrams?
Analysis
Under what stage of the SDLC does a project team gather the requirements for the new system?
Analysis
One of the requirements for your new system is as follow: "provide an online reporting platform for all business functions". This goal helps define the overall goals of the system and help clarify the contributions it will make to the organization's success. This requirement is known as
Business requirement
The primary hardware components of a system consist of:
Client computers, servers, and network
The following option is a stage in the system development life cycle, EXCEPT _____________
Coding
Bill is working on an entity relationship diagram for an e-commerce system for a small business. The following options are the correct examples of entities Bill can have in his ERD diagram, except
Company
Take a look at the following entity. This entity has several identifiers (primary keys). The use of attributes as primary keys is called
Concatenated identifier
A diagram that only contains one process and external entities associated with the system is called
Context diagram
The first diagram that you need to draw when you are building your data flow diagrams is
Context diagram
The following option is considered an aspect of technical feasibility, EXCEPT
Cost-benefit analysis
Take a look at the following entity. Of the listed attributes, which one is considered a multi-valued attribute?
Course_Taken
Which one of the following options is an example of access control requirement?
Customer service reps can modify customer files but not delete them
Select ONE statements that is TRUE about data model.
Data model can be categorized into the logical and physical data model
The element of a data flow diagram represented by the letters A and B is called
Dataflows
The basic process of analysis involves the following options, EXCEPT (You MUST select two options):
Define requirements for the current system Identify the stakeholders of the current system
The term usability encompasses TWO related concepts. What are they?
Ease of use and ease of learn
When an event is triggered by random needs of users such as a customer placing an order or a student checking the grade, it is assumed that the use case's trigger is
External
An information system only consists of software and hardware.
False
If you operate your business in a dynamic environment, a waterfall methodology is the MOST suitable approach to develop a system for your business.
False
In a data flow diagram, output data flows from a process usually have the same name as input data flows of that process because they come from the same system.
False
Maria is an analyst. She has just placed a data flow on her data flow diagram. She will
Give it a noun description phrase, like 'new product information'
In the video lecture, requirement elicitation and analysis is illustrated as peeling back the layers of onion. The goal of this elicitation and analysis is
Guiding the stakeholders to understand their needs
The first step that you need to do when you create a use case is
Identify WHO will be using the system (i.e., the actor of the use case)
The first step you need to do when you draw an ERD is
Identify the entities
At what stage of the SDLC does the project team (i.e., developer team) write the actual programming codes needed for the system?
Implementation
The following examples are considered tangible benefits, EXCEPT
Increased brand recognition
The "product name" coming out of the product data store indicates that _________________is being retrieved from the data store.
Information/data
According to the video lectures on normalization, there are THREE potential anomalies that can be associated with the 1st Normal Form. What are these anomalies?
Insert, deletion, and update anomalies
An interface evaluation technique that allows users to actually work with the prototype in one-on-one sessions with members of the project team and convey their opinions (what they like/dislike) about the interface is called ___________
Interactive evaluation
What type of requirement elicitation technique will you use if you'd like to gather information for the new (to-be) system, with a high level of information depth, but low/medium level of user involvement (you prefer to meet one stakeholder at a time)?
Interviews
Select TWO requirement elicitation techniques that can be used not only to understand the current (as-is) system but also to gather the requirements for the to-be system.
Interviews Joint Application Development
THREE variants of Rapid Application Development discussed in Module 3 include:
Iterative model System prototyping Throwaway prototyping
A requirement elicitation technique that requires a formal session hosted by a facilitator in which different stakeholders (around 10-20 users) and analysts meet together is known as
Joint application development
Consider the following scenario: Dan is preparing use cases for an online review system. One of his use cases, "submit a review", is as follow: The use case begins when user selects a review option. The system displays the most recent products that are ready to review. User selects one product to review and the system prompts user to select one category of the review (i.e., product, delivery, buyer). User selects "product" and the system displays a form in which user can type his/her review. After user finish their review, he/she selects a submit button. The system saves the review and displays a thank you page. Select ONE possible input for Step 1.
List of the most recent products ready to review (source: purchased products data store)
You are developing a use case to describe how students register for classes. The process is as follow: 1. The use case begins when a student accesses the course registration system. 2. The student logins to the system by entering his/her Baylor ID and password. The system verifies the login information. 3. After the login information is verified, the system then displays all the available options (i.e., add class, delete class, and view class). The student selects "add class". 4. The system prompts the student to enter the course ID. The student enters the course ID. 5. The system returns the results and displays all the available sections. The student selects the course and select "next". 6. The system asks the student if he/she would like to add another course. 6a. If the student selects "no", the system saves the student selection, generate a confirmation number, and send a notification to the accounting department for billing. 6b. If the student selects "yes", then the system will go back to step 4. Question: What would be ONE of the possible inputs for step 2?
Login information (Source: Student)
What does a balancing principle mean in a Data Flow Diagram?
Make sure every data flow, data store, and external entity on a higher level DFD is shown on the lower-level DFD that decomposes it.
Which of the following is NOT a general test stage?
Module testing (system testing, unit testing, integration testing are)
What is a common process analysts use to validate data models?
Normalization
What would be the best relationship to describe the relationship between the Supplier and Delivery entity? (pay attention to the primary key and the foreign key)
One to Many
Consider the following step in a use case: 1. Users provide name, address, and insurance information. The system generates confirmation code and stores the provided information in a customer datastore. If you were asked to draw a process and a datastore for this step, which of the following diagrams correctly follows the DFD rules?
Option B
Under what type of feasibility do you conduct a stakeholder analysis?
Organizational feasibility
Under the ORDERED ITEM entity, the Item_Name attribute only depends on Item_Number, but not Order_Number. In an ERD, this kind of dependency is called
Partial dependency
You are developing a list of non-functional requirements. One of the requirements describes the speed, capacity, and the reliability of the system (e.g., the system should be available 24/7). This type of requirement is known as ________
Performance requirement
Identify opportunity, analyze feasibility, and develop work plans are the activities a system analyst does during the ______________ stage of the system development life-cycle.
Planning
Which of the following statements correctly describes the state of Process 1.0 (Assign mentor)?
Process 1.0 is correctly drawn, it has at least one input and at least one output
Which of the following options is an example of a process in a data flow diagram
Purchase an item
Consider the following step in a "submit a new application" use case: "The system saves the registration information and generates a confirmation number." What would be the possible output(s) for that step?
Registration information (destination: new registration datastore) and confirmation number (destination: applicant)
Valery is testing a new payroll system at her company. Her goal is to test whether the original business requirements are met by the new system. This test is also to ensure that changes made as the result of integration testing did not create new errors. What type of testing does she do?
Requirement testing
When you analyze your elicited information, it is imperative that you understand the nature of the problem. Assume you are assigned to improve Canvas. You'd like to adopt an analysis method that allows you to focus on the problems first rather than solutions by asking the WHY questions (often known as 5 WHYs). Which method will most likely suit your need?
Root-cause analysis
One of the basic principles of the navigation design is
Simplify recovery from mistakes
One method you can use to organize your interface is ____________
Site map
The two fundamental documentation types are:
System documentation and user documentation
If you work on an IS project with unclear user requirements, which of the following methodologies would you use? Select THREE methodologies that work best for you in this case.
System prototyping Agile methodology Throwaway prototyping
Take a look at the following diagram. What does the crow foot next to the item entity mean?
There could be multiple items under one item category
Match each feasibility analysis with its required activities. Technical feasibility Economic feasibility Organizational feasibility
Technical feasibility - Assess the team's familiarity with applications and technology Economic feasibility - Perform a cost/benefit analysis Organizational feasibility - Understand how well the goals of the project align with business objectives.
Match the feasibility analysis on the left with the question pertained to each type of analysis. Technical feasibility Economic feasibility Organizational feasibility
Technical feasibility - Can we build it? Economic feasibility - Should we build it? Will it provide business value? Organizational feasibility - If we build it, will it be used?
Take a look at the following diagram. Select a statement that best describes the above diagram.
The diagram is wrong. It violates a diagraming rule.
An n-tiered architecture is distinguished by:
The number of specialized server computers
Which of the following options is a characteristic of a waterfall approach?
The project team proceeds sequentially from one phase to the next
Let's assume you develop a system like Canvas. You gather the requirements and discover that "submit an assignment" will be one of your user requirements. After elicited this user requirement, you'd like to define the functional requirements. Which of the following options can be your functional requirements? You MUST select TWO options.
The system shall allow users to upload their assignment The system shall record the time and date of the submission
The department_size and department_location attributes do not depend on the identifier (i.e., Employee_ID), but depend on the department_name attribute. Therefore, you create a new entity called Department and create a new relationship between the Department and Employee entity to meet ________
The third form of normalization
IS project ideas need to be aligned with business strategies. In other words, business needs to drive IT projects.
True
In a data flow diagram, every process must have at least one input and an output.
True
In an agile development, significant user involvement is essential.
True
One of the rules of drawing a DFD is that "Data flow can NOT go backward to a previous process in Level-0"
True
One possible source of a IS project idea is someone in the organization identifies a business needs to build a system.
True
One way to validate a use case is
by doing a walkthrough with stakeholders
