MIS Ch 6

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Gigabyte has how many number of bytes

1 billion

Megabyte has how many number of bytes

1 million

Kilobyte has how many number of bytes

1 thousand

Terabyte has how many numbers of bytes

1 trillion

1 gigabyte =

1,000 megabytes

Moore's Law

1965- he proposed that the number of transistors would update every two years

Opteron's manufacturer

AMD

Phenom II's manufacturer

AMD

Second largest processor in the world

AMD

Sempron's manufacturer

AMD

Turion's manufacturer

AMD

Core I5's manufacturer

Intel

Core I7's manufacturer

Intel

First largest processor in the world

Intel

Xeon's manufacturer

Intel

The two leading manufacturers of personal computer processor chips are

Intel and AMD

Parts inside of a desktop

Power supply and fan; video card; sound card; processor; heat sink and fan; memory module

Processor

aka CPU; interprets and carries our the basic instructions that operate a computer.

Access time

amount of time it takes the processor to read from memory

Gordon Moore

cofounded Intel

control unit

component of the processor that directs and coordinates most of the operations in the computer

nonvolatile memory

does not lose contents when power is removed; MRAM (used for industrial) ROM, flash memory, and CMOS

PCI express bus

type of expansion bus; newest video cards today

Processor chip

generates heat that could cause the chip to malfunction or fail

memory size is measured in

gigabytes or terabytes

Require additional cooling

heat sinks; liquid cooling technology; cooling mats

The system unit contains two types of memory

volatile memory and nonvolatile memory

volatile memory

loses its contents when power is turned off; DRAM(dynamic ram);

Motherboard

main circuit board of the computer

2 GHz

means 2 billion ticks per second; about average

Each location in ________ has an address

memory

Access time is measured in

nanoseconds

Two cleaning mistakes

never use a vacuum cleaner when cleaning a computer b/c static electricity; if using compressed air can, bend straw and keep bottle up right

nanosecond

one-billionth of a second

Clock speed

pace of the system clock; measured in gigahertz (GHz)

arithmetic unit

performs arithmetic, comparison, and other operations

The processor contains...

registers, that temporarily hold data and instructions

Multi-core processor

single chip with two or more separate processor cores

A supercomputer would have a

terabyte

Lower cost/lower power

Core I5 and Sempron

Laptop processor

Core I5 and Turion

Mainstream

Core I7 and Phenom II

Low end servers on a network

Xeon and opteron

Processors contain

a control unit and an arithmetic unit (ALU)

Computer chip

contains integrated circuits

System clock

controls the timing of all computer operations


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