MIS Chapter 1
Processing
concerts this raw input into meaningful form
Networking and telecommunications technology
consisting of both physical devices and software, links the various pieces of hardware and transfers data from one physical location to another
Information Technology (IT)
consists of all the hardware and software that a firm needs to use in order to achieve its business objectives
Computer Software
consists of the detailed, preprogrammed instructions that control and coordinate the computer hardware components in an information system
Data Management Technology
consists of the software governing the organization of data on physical storage media
Information
data that have been shaped into a form that is meaningful and useful to human beings
Computer Hardware
the physical equipment used for input, processing, and output activities in an information system
Complementary Assets
those assets required to derive value from a primary investment
Output
transfers the processed information to the people who will use it or to the activities for which it will be used
Sociotechnical view
Optimal organizational performance is achieved by jointly optimizing both the social and technical systems used in production
Information technology infrastructure
All these technologies and the people required to run and manage them
Extranets
Private intranets extended to authorized users outside the organization
World Wide Web
a service provided by the internet that uses universally accepted standards for storing, retrieving, formatting, and displaying information in a page format on the Internet
Production or service workers
actually produce the product and deliver the service
Data Workers
assist with scheduling and communications at all levels of the firm
Information systems literacy
broader understanding of IS, which encompasses an understanding of the management and organizational dimensions of systems as well as the technical dimensions of systems
Input
captures and collects raw data from within the organization or from its external enviorment
Middle Management
carries out the programs and plans of senior management
Management information systems (MIS)
deals with behavioral issues as well as technical issues surrounding the development, use, and impact of information systems used by managers and employees in the firm
Business Model
describes how a company produces, delivers, and sells a product or service to create wealth
Knowledge workers
design products or services and create new knowledge for the firm ( engineers, scientists, or architects)
Computer Literacy
focuses primarily on knowledge of information technology (IT)
Intranets
internal corporate networks based on Internet technology
Organizational and Management Capital
investments in organization and management
Internet
largest and most widely used network... a global "network of networks" that uses universal standards to connect millions of different networks
network
links two or more computers to share data or resources
Senior Management
makes long-range decisions about products and services as well as ensures financial performance of the firm
Digital Firm
one in which nearly all of the organization's significant business relationships with customers, suppliers, and employees are digitally enabled and mediated
Feedback
output that is returned to appropriate members of the organization to help them evaluate or correct the input stage
Operational Management
responsible for monitoring the daily activities of the business
Information System (IS)
set of interrelated components that collect, process, store, and distribute information to support decision making and control in an organization
Business Processes
set of logically related tasks and behaviors that organizations develop over time to produce specific business results and the unique manner in which these activities are organized and coordinated
Business Functions
specialized tasks performed by business organizations (sales & marketing, manufacturing & production, finance & accounting, HR)
Data
streams of raw facts representing events occurring in organizations or the physical environment before they have been organized and arranged into a form that people can understand and use