MIS - Chapter 2

Business 41

A formal organization whose aim is to produce products or provide services for a profit.

Business intelligence, 48

Applications and technologies to help users make better business decisions.

Transaction processing systems (TPS), 47

Computerized systems that perform and record the daily routine transactions necessary to conduct the business; they serve the organization's operational level.

Digital dashboard, 51

Displays all of a firm's key performance indicators as graphs and charts on a single screen to provide one-page overview of all the critical measurements necessary to make key executive decisions.

Customer relationship management (CRM) systems, 55

Information systems that track all the ways in which a company interacts with its customers and analyze these interactions to optimize revenue, profitability, customer satisfaction, and customer retention.

Enterprise systems, 54

Integrated, enterprise- wide information systems that coordinate key internal processes of the firm. Also known as enterprise resource planning (ERP).

Information systems managers, 66

Leaders of the various specialists in the information systems department.

Cyberlocker, 61

Online file-sharing service that allows users to upload files to a secure online storage site from which the files can be synchronized and shared with others.

Middle management, 44

People in the middle of the organizational hierarchy who are responsible for carrying out the plans and goals of senior management.

Senior management, 44

People occupying the topmost hierarchy, who are responsible for making long-range decisions, in an organization.

Knowledge workers, 44

People such as engineers or architects who design products or services and create knowledge for the organization.

Data workers, 44

People such as secretaries or bookkeepers who process the organization's paperwork.

Production or service workers, 44

People who actually produce the products or services of the organization.

Operational management, 44

People who monitor the day-to-day activities of the organization.

Electronic business (e-business), 56

The use of the Internet and digital technology to execute all the business processes in the enterprise; includes e-commerce as well as processes for the internal management of the firm and coordination with suppliers and other business partners.

Information systems department, 66

The formal organizational unit that is responsible for the information systems function in the organization.

Electronic commerce (e-commerce), 56

The process of buying and selling goods and services electronically, involving transactions by using the Internet, networks, and other digital technologies.

Business processes, 42

The unique ways in which organizations coordinate and organize work activities, information, and knowledge to produce a product or service.

Social business, 57

Use of social networking platforms, including Facebook, Twitter, and internal corporate social tools, to engage employees, customers, and suppliers.

E-government, 56

Use of the Internet and related technologies to enable government and public sector agencies' relationships with citizens, businesses, and other arms of government digitally.

Portal, 51

Web interface for presenting integrated personalized content from a variety of sources. Also refers to a website service that provides an initial point of entry to the web.

Collaboration, 56

Working with others to achieve shared and explicit goals.

Knowledge management systems (KMS), 55

Systems that support the creation, capture, storage, and dissemination of firm expertise and knowledge.

Telepresence, 61

Technology that allows a person to give the appearance of being present at a location other than his or her true physical location.

Teams, 56

Formal groups whose members collaborate to achieve specific goals.

Chief security officer (CSO), 66

Heads a formal security function for the organization and is responsible for enforcing the firm's security policy.

Programmers, 66

Highly trained technical specialists who write computer software instructions.

Chief data officer (CDO), 67

Individual responsible for enterprise-wide governance and usage of information to maximize the value the organization can realize from its data.

Decision-support systems (DSS), 49

Information systems at the organization's management level that combine data and sophisticated analytical models or data analysis tools to support semistructured and unstructured decision making.

Executive support systems (ESS), 50

Information systems at the organization's strategic level designed to address unstructured decision making through advanced graphics and communications.

Interorganizational system, 55

Information systems that automate the flow of information across organizational boundaries and link a company to its customers, distributors, or suppliers.

Supply chain management (SCM) systems, 54

Information systems that automate the flow of information between a firm and its suppliers to optimize the planning, sourcing, manufacturing, and delivery of products and services.

End users, 67

Representatives of departments outside the information systems group for whom applications are developed.

Chief privacy officer (CPO), 66

Responsible for ensuring that the company complies with existing data privacy laws.

Chief knowledge officer (CKO), 67

Responsible for the firm's knowledge management program.

Chief information officer (CIO), 66

Senior manager in charge of the infor- mation systems function in the firm.

Systems analysts, 66

Specialists who translate business problems and requirements into information requirements and systems, acting as liaison between the information systems department and the rest of the organization.

Management information systems (MIS), 48

Specific category of information system providing reports on organizational performance to help middle management monitor and control the business.

Enterprise applications, 53

Systems that can coordinate activities, decisions, and knowledge across many functions, levels, and business units in a firm; include enterprise systems, supply chain management systems, customer relationship management systems, and knowledge management systems.