mod 4 drivers ed

How is the SEEit system applied to driving?

You have to look for problems when driving and deal with it accordingly

What precautions should you take when a stoplight turns from red to green?

check to make sure the intersection is clear

Why are each vehicle's footprint different?

vehicles are different sizes

What steps should be taken prior to and while moving a vehicle while backing and turning?

-check traffic to front sides and rear -select a target -gradually release brake pressure -move slowly/ cover brake -accelerate if needed turns: -signal direction rear of vehicle will turn -readjust seating -establish visual target -use reference points -turn wheel in direction you want the back of vehicle to go -monitor front of vehicle "swing"

How can you reduce your driving risks?

-communicate -change speed -change lane position

What are the consequences of risky behaviors while driving?

-crashes -the number one cause of crashes in VA is speeding.

What should you do when there is one or more dangerous/hazardous issues on the road?

-determine which poses the greater risk -take one threat at a time -decide on change of speed and/or position

What factors affect driver response time?

-distractions -inattention -poor visibility -line of sight restrictions -fatigue -medications -alcohol -illness -age -talking on the cell phone

What factors increase the chance of risk?

-driver behaviors -driver state of mind -driving conditions

what abilities does a driver have to possess

-identify a problem -prepare to take action to avoid a conflict -consider options and the potential consequences of your actions

What actions do other drivers do that cause risks for you and your vehicle?

-improper turns -unsafe passing -lack of driving experience and risk-taking behaviors

when do you search

-involves timing and direction of the search pattern -requires consciously looking to determine conditions all around the vehicle before initiating any maneuver

How do you manage the space behind your vehicle?

-keep a steady pace -signal in advance -have more space to front before reducing speed or changing position

How do you search while using the SEEit system?

-know when, where, and what to look for -continuously look ahead, to the sides and rear -search for clues -search for changes

what does risk acceptance involve

-knowing potential for errors, hazards, and limitations -knowing that the results and consequences could be

What steps should be taken prior to and while moving a vehicle straight backwards?

-make proper adjustments -start the vehicle with foot in brake -shift to reverse -assume the straight backing position -left hand at 12 -looking over right shoulder

How do you search the sides of your vehicle?

-make sure roadways users will not cross your path of travel -before entering an intersection, look to the front, left and right

What are the 3 factors that determine stopping distance?

-perception time -reaction distance -braking distance

What are the 3 components of a space management system?

-perception time- time it takes to identify a risk -reaction time-time it takes to respond with accelerator, brake, or steering -response time- the total time it takes to complete the action

What should you do when there is no flowing traffic?

-permits quicker and more abrupt changes of speed/direction -provides maximum level of control to the rear

What eye habits should you develop?

-picture intended path of travel -look down the middle of the road -look far ahead

How do you develop good driving habits?

-practice good procedures -developing good habits -resistance -avoiding complacency -observation skills -decision making -positive and negative experiences

what does risk compensation involve

-recognizing potential errors, hazards, or limitations present -adjusting speed or lane position to reduce likelihood of errors -using appropriate communication to reduce likelihood of errors

How can you adjust your speed in response to traffic conditions?

-reduce speed and keep pace with traffic flow -when merging, enter at same speed -when using deceleration lane, do not slow down until you have moved into lane

What steps/precautions should you take when moving the vehicle forward?

-right foot on brake, hands at 8 and 4 -place in drive -select a target -recheck traffic -take foot off brake -straighten wheels if necessary -move straight towards target

What roadway designs and types of maintenance, or lack thereof, can cause risks?

-roads that restrict vision -weather conditions -road surface that affects traction

How do you search for risks?

-search the scene ahead to the sides -search the road surface -scan the mirrors and dash

what are you searching for

-signs, signals, and markings -roadway characteristics -motorized vehicles -non-motorized highway users

How do you execute in time while driving?

-slow down and allow the blue car to proceed into zone 1 -or change you position and move into open zone 2

How can you adjust your speed in response to roadway conditions?

-slow down, cruise, accelerate in curves -slow down when water, ice, or snow on road -slow down on gravel roads

What factors contribute to risk? (1,2,3,4,&5)

-speeding -failure to follow the right of way -intoxicated drivers -disregarding traffic light or signal -following to closely

what can you do to minimize risk

-stay alert to surroundings -identifying hazards -assess your options to evade or avoid or minimize risk -employ compensatory strategies

How do you manage the space on both sides of your vehicle?

-strive to keep one of the side zones open at all times -respond to an oncoming vehicle by slightly changing position -adjust lane position to increase space

When should you increase your following distance?

-visibility is limited -traction is limited -number of visual and mental tasks increases -being tailgated -restricted line of sight -restricted path of travel -learning to drive -pulling a trailer

What are the different lane positions? (1,2,& 3)

1- center 2- close to center line 3- close to outside lane 4- straddles middle line 5- straddles outside line

What is the suggested following distance for speeds of 35 mph or under?

2 seconds

how do you search

20 to 30 seconds out front, 15 to 20 seconds to the side

What is the suggested following distance for speeds up to 45 mph?

3 seconds

What is the suggested following distance for speeds up to 70 mph?

4 seconds

What is a space management system?

A space management systems helps drivers organize information into meaningful categories so decisions can be made easily and quickly

How can you adjust your speed in response to vehicle balance?

Avoid sudden inputs, perform smooth inputs one at a time to maintain maximum traction

How do you exit a parallel parking spot?

Back-up as far as you can go without touching the vehicle behind and signal. Turn your wheels all the way to the left and shift to Drive. Check traffic and make sure your right front fender will clear the rear of the vehicle in front of you. Turn wheels slowly to the right when your side view mirror aligns with the bumper of the vehicle ahead. Select target in your path of travel and gently accelerate.

when is parking not allowed

Beside another parked vehicle (double parking). On crosswalks or sidewalks. In front of driveways. Next to painted yellow curbs or no parking signs. In a parking space reserved for disabled persons. On the hard surface of a road when no curb is present.

What is a 2 point turn and how should it be performed

Check traffic flow Signal and position your vehicle to 3-6 inches from center yellow line. When traffic is clear, drive into the driveway and stop. Shift to reverse, monitor intended path. 2. Back slowly, turning steering wheel rapidly to the right as you exit driveway. Straighten wheels, centering car in roadway. 3. Shift into Drive - Check traffic and accelerate to normal speed.

What steps should be taken prior to and while moving to a curb/side of the road?

Check traffic. Signal intentions. Begin reducing speed. Visually target destination. Use reference points to position vehicle 6 - 12 inches from curb. Secure the vehicle.

What can you do to reduce driving risks?

Develop space management habits will reduce driving risks

What steps do you take when parking going uphill without a curb?

Drive as far off the roadway onto the shoulder as possible and stop. Turn wheels away from traffic. Shift into "P" (Park) automatic transmission, or into FIRST gear for a manual transmission. Engage the parking brake.

how much risk is acceptable?

Drivers need visibility, space, and time to avoid conflicts and perform safe driving maneuvers

condition of the vehicle

Factors such as worn out tires, poorly adjusted or worn brakes, broken headlights, worn windshield wipers, etc... are all risk factors increasing the possibility of a crash

what bad habits should you never develop

Failure to continuously monitor traffic to the rear. Forgetting to signal. Parking too close to the stall lines. Speed too fast for precise maneuvering. Steering insufficient or moving steering wheel too slowly. Failure to target center of the parking space. Not using forward reference point and hitting curb. Forgetting to straighten wheels at the end. Parking too close to other vehicles. Forgetting to set the parking brake.

How do you determine following distance?

Find a sign and count how long it takes for you to get to it from the other car

How can you communicate your intentions?

Headlights, brake lights, turn signals, horn, reverse lights, hazard flasher

What spaces on a roadway require evaluation?

Hidden intersections, and driveways curves hills and determine how it may affect you

What does it mean when a lane is deemed clear?

If object or conditions reduce space, move to the left or right lane position

What does it mean to evaluate risk?

It gives meaning to your search Identifies where the possible points of conflict may occur Determines how the conflict may affect you if does happen

How does changing your speed or direction affect risk?

It is quicker to change position than to stop

What strategies can you use for parking

Look for a parking space with enough room for entering and exiting easily. Observe and follow all signs, laws, pavement markings. Look for vehicles exiting parking spaces. Avoid spaces at the end of parking lanes where being hit is more likely. Avoid spaces near a large vehicle that block your vision when existing and other people's ability to see you. Avoid spaces with a poorly parked vehicle on either side.

How do you manage the space around your vehicle?

Manage all 6 zones around the vehicle, and adjust position to maintain a safe margin of space that provides room to steer in an emergency

where do you search

Mirrors, instrument panels, 20 to 30 seconds ahead

What strategies can you utilize while parking in a parking lot?

Obey speed limits. Obey the signs and pavement markings. Do not drive diagonally across parking lot lane markings. Be alert for pedestrians, bicyclists, roller-bladders and skateboarders. Avoid tight parking spaces. Avoid competing for a parking space.

What is a changing lane?

Open zone changes to a closed zone or a closed zone becomes an open zone

What steps do you take when parking on a hill facing down with or without a curb?

Parking with or without a curb Position your vehicle 6" from the curb. Let the car move slowly forward while turning the steering wheel sharply to the right until the right front tire rests against the curb (if there is one). Shift into "P" (Park) if your vehicle is equipped with an automatic transmission or into REVERSE gear for a manual transmission. Engage the parking brake.

What does it mean to develop a visual lead?

Pick out a fixed object well ahead, count until you reach the object. The amount of second counted is the number of seconds you were looking

How do you exit a perpendicular parking spot?

Place foot on brake, signal direction of turn, shift to Reverse, search area to the rear/sides. Back until your side mirror is even with the bumper of the vehicle located to the side, begin turning the steering wheel in the direction you want to go. Monitor the rear and your front bumper on the opposite side of the direction you are turning. When the front bumper clears the back of the vehicle, stop, and shift to Drive.

How do you exit an angled parking space?

Place foot on brake, signal direction you are going to back, shift to Reverse, search path of travel. Back until your vehicle's front seat is even with the back of the space, and begin turning the steering wheel in the direction you want the rear to go. Remember to monitor the front bumper on the opposite side of the direction you are turning. Back into the closest lane; shift to Drive and move forward.

What steps do you take when parking going uphill with a curb?

Position your vehicle 6" from the curb and stop. Turn your steering wheel away from curb and let the vehicle move slowly back until the back of the front tire touches the curb. Shift into "P" (Park) if your vehicle is equipped with an automatic transmission or FIRST with a manual transmission. Engage the parking brake.

When should you check your rearview mirrors while managing the space behind you?

Regularly Before and while braking Before and after making turns While stopped in traffic

What steps should be taken prior to and while moving into a roadway?

Review pre-drive tasks. Start the vehicle. Shift to Drive. Release parking brake. Check traffic and signal intention. Move to first available lane by. Targeting center lane Position 1. Cancel signal. Accelerate gradually to the flow of traffic

Step 1: How do you parallel park on a two-way street?

STEP 1 Select a space that is at least five feet longer than your vehicle. Flash your brake lights , put on your turn signal as you approach the space, and monitor rear traffic. Place your vehicle approximately three feet from the vehicle you want to park behind, aligning your rear bumper with the other vehicle's bumper. Put the vehicle into Reverse and turn the wheels all the way to the right.

Step 2: How do you parallel park on a two way street

STEP 2 Slowly back up until you are at a 45-degree angle using your side view mirror, back until you can see the headlight closest to the curb of the vehicle behind to establish the 45-degree angle. Stop.

What does SEEit stand for?

Search Evaluate Execute in time

What steps should you take to leave traffic/exit a roadway?

Search for a place to park Check traffic behind Signal Release accelerator tap brake pedal to warn vehicles behind Steer gently towards curb Apply steady pressure for smooth stop

What actions should you be performing when you are searching the roadway?

Search for problems, evaluate options, execute decisions in time

How do you enter a perpendicular parking spot?

Signal intention and position the vehicle five to six feet away from the space 2. Move forward until the side mirror appears to align with the first line of the space 3. Turn the wheel rapidly in the direction of the center of the space controlling speed 4. Steer towards a target in center of the space and straighten the wheels 5. Position the front bumper three to six inches from the curb or end of the space

What action(s) should you take if the path of travel is closed, but alternate paths are open?

- identify alternate paths of travel - maintain area into which steering is possible on at least one side

How can you evaluate your alternatives?

-4-8 second range: immediate reaction is needed -12-15 second range: allows for escape routes -20-30 second range: safe and open path of travel

What does it mean to have the right of way?

-The second leading cause of crashes in VA is failure to yield the right of way -Right of way is when a driver or pedestrian is allowed to proceed first at an intersection, merging roadway, private driveway, etc...

What does it mean to execute while driving?

-carrying out your decision -what are you going to do and how are you going to do it -adjust your speed, adjust your position, communicate your presence

What decisions can you make based on a space management system? (Executing and risk reduction)

-change speed while maintaining vehicle balance -change position while maintaining vehicle balance and control -effectively communicate intent to surrounding drivers

What action(s) should you take if the path of travel is closed and the alternate paths are as well?

-check to sides and rear -flash brake lights and apply the brakes -attempt to open up space ahead

what is angled parking and how is it performed

Signal intention, position vehicle three to four feet away from the space (as far as possible). Move forward until side view mirror appears to align with the first pavement line. Visually target the middle of the space and move slowly turning the wheel sharply. Once front enters space, gradually begin unwinding the steering wheel while monitoring the vehicles parked on either side.

What is a closed lane?

Space or area is not available in the vehicles path of travel

What do you do when you stop behind a vehicle?

Stop where you are able to see their tires

How do you calculate feet per second for each MPH of speed?

Take the speed, divide it by two, add the answer to the speed

What is the rear footprint?

The area behind the vehicle that the driver cannot see from the drivers seat

what is following distance

The distance between your vehicle and the vehicle ahead, which gives you more space between vehicles in an emergency

what is risk

The potential that a chosen action may lead to an undesirable outcome

What is a 3 point turn and how should it be performed?

Three-point turns are also called Y-turns and are an option when no driveway is available, traffic is light, you cannot drive around the block, or the available space prevents a U-turn - never attempt near hill or curve.

What are your signals used for?

To communicate turning, backing, hazards, warning, etc

What is a disabled parking space and when can happen if you illegally parking in one?

Vehicles displaying this symbol on their license plate or in the car on a special card may park in handicapped spaces. Non-handicapped drivers are prohibited from parking in handicapped parking areas and may be fined ($100 +) for violations.

What strategies can you utilize when in a parking garage?

Watch for backup lights Observe and follow all signs Stay to the right Use headlights Be aware of people in and around the garage

What is a U turn and how should it be performed?

When making a U-turn at an intersection, begin the U-turn in the left lane closest the center line or median. Complete the turn in the lane farthest to the right in the opposite flow of traffic, and accelerate to the appropriate speed.