Module 1 Practice Quiz

A nurse is educating new parents about risk factors for sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Which of the following statements should indicate to the nurse the need for additional teaching? A. "Our baby will sleep in our bed because I am breastfeeding." B. "We will give my baby a pacifier during naps and at bedtime." C. "We will place my baby on her back when sleeping." D. "We will remove blankets and toys from the crib."

A. "Our baby will sleep in our bed because I am breastfeeding." Rationale: Allowing an infant to sleep in the same bed as an adult can lead to suffocation and falls. The parent should place the infant back in her crib or bassinet after breastfeeding.

A nurse is teaching a parent of a 6-month-old infant about car seat safety. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching? A. "Our car seat is an infant model and is anchored in the car." B. "Our car seat is front-facing in the back seat." C. "I can fit my hand between the baby and the car seat harness." D. "The car seat is rear-facing in the front passenger seat."

A. "Our car seat is an infant model and is anchored in the car." Rationale: This statement by the parent indicates correct use of the infant care seat.

A nurse is caring for a newborn whose mother voices concerns about sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). The nurse should include which of the following statements in a discussion with the mother? A. "Placing your child on her back when sleeping will decrease the risk of SIDS." B. "SIDS is directly correlated with the diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis vaccines." C. "SIDS rates have been rising over the last 10 years." D. "Sleep apnea is the main cause of SIDS."

A. "Placing your child on her back when sleeping will decrease the risk of SIDS." Rationale: The nurse should instruct the mother to position in the infant on her back during sleep to prevent SIDS. The incidence of SIDS has declined since the Back to Sleep campaign started in the 1990s.

A nurse is administering ear drops to a toddler and pulls the auricle down and back. The mother asks, "Why are you pulling the ear that way?" Which of the following explanations should the nurse provide? A. "This technique opens the ear canal, allowing medication to reach the inner ear region." B. "When this technique is used, the toddler experiences less pain." C. "This is the safest and easiest way to administer this medication." D. "When this technique is used, the medication will not run out of the ear."

A. "This technique opens the ear canal, allowing medication to reach the inner ear region." Rationale: For children younger than 3 years old, the auricle should be pulled down and back to fully open the ear canal. This technique allows the correct dose of medication to enter the ear

A nurse is caring for a 2-year-old child who is hospitalized and throws a tantrum when his parent leaves. Which of the following toys should the nurse provide to alleviate the child's stress? A. Set of building blocks B. Toy hammer and pounding board C. Picture book about hospitals D. Stuffed animal

B. Toy hammer and pounding board Rationale: A toy hammer and pounding board helps the child to express the anger and frustration he feels about the parent leaving but lacks the verbal ability to express.

A nurse is caring for a toddler who is having difficulty sleeping during hospitalization. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to promote sleep? A. Explain the source of the toddler's fears. B. Turn off the room light. C. Provide bedtime rituals. D. Encourage play exercises in the evening.

C. Provide bedtime rituals. Rationale: Establishing a bedtime routine is important. Reading a familiar book or providing a favorite stuffed toy or blanket will help decrease the child's insecurity and fears.

A nurse is teaching an assistive personnel to measure a newborn's respiratory rate. Which of the following statements indicates an understanding of why the respiratory rate should be counted for a complete minute? A. "Newborns are abdominal breathers." B. "Newborns do not expand their lungs fully with each respiration." C. "Activity will increase the respiratory rate." D. "The rate and rhythm of breath are irregular in newborns."

D. "The rate and rhythm of breath are irregular in newborns." Rationale: Newborns have an irregular respiratory rate and rhythm. Therefore, counting the respiratory rate for a complete minute is recommended to obtain an accurate rate.

A nurse in a clinic is assessing a 7-month-old infant. Which of the following indicates a need for further evaluation? A. Uses a unidextrous grasp B. Has a fear of strangers C. Shows preferences towards foods D. Babbles one-syllable sounds

D. Babbles one-syllable sounds Rationale: A 7-month-old infant should babble in chained syllables such as mama and baba, and babble four distinct vowel sounds; therefore, this finding indicates a need for further evaluation.

A nurse is providing anticipatory guidance about child development to the parents of a toddler. Which of the following developmental tasks should the nurse include as expected of a toddler? A. Explains the difference between right and wrong B. Prints letters and numbers C. Separates easily from primary care giver for short periods of time D. Cooperates in doing simple chores

C. Separates easily from primary care giver for short periods of time Rationale: By 3 years of age, a toddler's psychosocial development should include the ability to accept separating from a primary care giver for short periods of time. A toddler should also be able to express likes and dislikes and begin to play with children and others outside the family.

A nurse is assessing the psychosocial development of a toddler. The nurse should recognize that this stage is characterized by which of the following? A. ?Imaginary playmates B. Erikson's stage of initiative versus guilt C. ?Demonstrations of sexual curiosity D. ?Negative behaviors characterized by the need for autonomy

D. Negative behaviors characterized by the need for autonomy Rationale: Assertion of autonomy is seen in toddlers as they begin their language and social development.

A nurse teaching the parents of a 10-month-old infant about home safety. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.) A. Serve food in small, non-circular pieces. B. Tie plastic bags in knots before discarding them. C. Install accordion style gates. D. Set the water heater at 65.6° C (150° F). E. Fit the mattress so that it is snug against the sides of the crib.

A. Serve food in small, non-circular pieces. B. Tie plastic bags in knots before discarding them. E. Fit the mattress so that it is snug against the sides of the crib. Rationale: Serve food in small, non-circular pieces is correct. Infants have small airways. Food items are a common cause of aspiration. The foods most associated with choking and aspiration are hot dogs, candy, nuts, and grapes.Tie plastic bags in knots before discarding them is correct. Tying the bags in knots prevents the child from placing the plastic over her head.Install accordion style gates is incorrect. This type of gate can cause the child to pinch herself or to become entangled in the openings.Set the water heater at 65.6° C (150° F) is incorrect. Water heaters should be set to a temperature of 48.9° C (120° F) or lower to prevent burns. Fit the mattress so that it is snug against the sides of the crib is correct. The mattress should be fit snugly to prevent the child from being caught between the slats of the crib and the mattress.

A nurse is caring for an 18-month-old toddler who has been hospitalized for 10 days. After the toddler's mother leaves the room, the nurse observes the toddler sitting quietly in the corner of the crib, sucking her thumb. When the nurse approaches the crib, the toddler turns away from the nurse. The nurse should understand that these behaviors indicate which of the following developmental reactions? A. An anxiety reaction B. Regression C. Resentment toward the mother D. Developing autonomy

A. An anxiety reaction Rationale: Hospitalization is stressful, regardless of the age of the client. However, for an 18-month-old toddler, separation from parents adds to that stress. The toddler's behavior indicates an anxiety reaction to the stress of hospitalization. Separation anxiety initially causes demonstrations of protest. Remaining sad and quiet when a parent leaves indicates the second response to separation anxiety, which is despair.

A nurse is assessing a toddler at a well-child visit. At what point in the physical examination should the nurse examine the child's tympanic membrane? A. At the end B. At the beginning C. Before examining the head and neck D. Before auscultating the chest and abdomen

A. At the end Rationale: When examining a toddler, the nurse should follow a modified head-to-toe approach, starting at the head but deferring anything that the toddler is likely to view as invasive and traumatic to the very end. The toddler is likely to resist not only having the ears examined, but also anything that follows.

A nurse is assessing a 6-month-old infant at a well-child visit. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? A. Closed posterior fontanel B. Uses thumb and index fingers in a pincer grasp C. Lateral incisors D. Sitting steadily without support

A. Closed posterior fontanel Rationale: The infant's posterior fontanel should close by about 8 weeks of age.

A nurse is caring for a 3-year-old child whose parents report that she has an intense fear of painful procedures, such as injections. Which of the following strategies should the nurse add to the child's plan of care? (Select all that apply.) A. Have a parent stay with the child during procedures. B. Cluster invasive procedures whenever possible. C. Perform the procedure as quickly as possible. D. Allow the child to keep a toy from home with her. E. Use mummy restraints during painful procedures.

A. Have a parent stay with the child during procedures. C. Perform the procedure as quickly as possible. D. Allow the child to keep a toy from home with her. Rationale: Have a parent stay with the child during procedures is correct. Maintaining parent-child contact is one of the most supportive interventions for toddlers and preschoolers undergoing painful procedures.Cluster invasive procedures when possible is incorrect. Clustering creates an unnecessarily lengthy and painful period for the client, which is likely to increase her fear.Perform procedures as quickly as possible is correct. Moving quickly through the steps of a painful procedure is a supportive intervention for children undergoing painful procedures.Allow the child to keep a toy from home with her is correct. Having familiar and cherished objects nearby is therapeutic for children during their hospitalization.Use mummy restraints during painful procedures is incorrect. Mummy restraints help to immobilize very young children and keep them safe during procedures, but it is likely to increase fear in toddlers and preschoolers.

A nurse is assessing a 3-month-old infant. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider? A. Inability to raise head when in prone position B. Inability to sit without support C. Inability to pick up an object with her fingers D. Inability to bring an object to her mouth

A. Inability to raise head when in prone position Rationale: A 3-month-old infant should be able to raise her head and shoulders

A nurse is providing health promotion teaching to the parents of a toddler. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.) A. Management of tantrums B. How to establish trust C. How to encourage cooperative play D. Dental care E. Need for increased caloric intake

A. Management of tantrums D. Dental care Rationale: Management of tantrums is correct. It is expected for toddlers to have temper tantrums.How to establish trust is incorrect. According to Erickson, establishing trust is the developmental goal associated with infancy.How to encourage cooperative play is incorrect. Toddlers engage in parallel play. Preschool-age children engage in cooperative play.Dental care is correct. Toddlers should be receiving dental care.Need for increased caloric intake is incorrect. The growth rate during the toddler years slows, which decreases the child's need for calories, protein, and fluid.

A nurse is teaching car seat safety to a parent of an infant who weighs 4.5 kg (10 lb). Which of the following carseat positions should the nurse include in the teaching? A. Rear-facing in the middle of the back seat B. Forward-facing in the back seat C. Forward-facing in the front passenger seat D. Rear-facing in the back seat next to a window

A. Rear-facing in the middle of the back seat Rationale: The safest position for infants is rear facing in the center of the back seat. Infants should ride rear-facing until age 2 or until the child outgrows the height or weight limits of a rear-facing seat. Studies have shown that children who ride properly restrained in the middle of the back seat have a 43% decreased risk for injury compared to children who are placed near a window.

A nurse is caring for a toddler. Which of the following statements should the nurse use when preparing to obtain the child's vital signs? A. "Can I listen to your lungs?" B. "I am going to listen to your heart." C. "I am going to take your blood pressure now." D. "Can you stand very still while I feel how warm you are?"

B. "I am going to listen to your heart." Rationale: The nurse should inform the toddler of the procedure prior to taking vital signs.

A nurse is collecting data from an infant at a well-child visit. The nurse should understand that birth weight typically doubles by what age? A. 3 months B. 6 months C. 9 months D. 12 months

B. 6 months Rationale: Birth weight typically doubles by 6 months of age.

9. A nurse is assessing a 10-month-old infant. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider? A. The infant is unable to imitate animal sounds. B. The infant does not sit steadily without support. C. The infant cannot turn pages in a book. D. The infant cannot build a tower of three or four cubes.

B. The infant does not sit steadily without support. Rationale: An 8-month-old infant should be able to sit steadily without support. A 10-month-old infant should be able to change from a prone to sitting position, stand while holding onto furniture, and lift one foot while standing.

A nurse is assessing a 15-month-old toddler. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider? A. The toddler cannot build a tower of six to seven cubes. B. The toddler cannot stand upright without support. C. The toddler cannot jump with both feet. D. The toddler cannot turn a doorknob.

B. The toddler cannot stand upright without support. Rationale: The nurse should expect a 15-month-old toddler to be able to stand upright without support. The nurse should report this finding to the provider as this can indicate a developmental delay.