Module #11- Oceanography Exam #1

Which of the following statements is most correct: a) A large, massive object will fall faster (settle faster) than a smaller object in water. The difference between the two will be even greater in molasses. b) A large, massive object will fall more slowly (settle slower) than a smaller object in water. The difference between the two will be lessened in molasses. c) A large, massive object will fall faster (settle faster) than a smaller object in water. The difference between the two will be lessened in molasses. d) A large, massive object will fall more slowly (settle slower) than a smaller object in water. The difference between the two will be even greater in molasses.

a) A large, massive object will fall faster (settle faster) than a smaller object in water. The difference between the two will be even greater in molasses.

Which of the following is deposited in a low energy environment? a) clay and silt-sized particles within a silstone b) sand-sized particles within a sandstone c) breccias d) conglomerates e) turbidites

a) clay and silt-sized particles within a silstone

Near shore one would likely find ___________ because this is a high energy environment, with sediments derived primarily from the continents. a) large grained lithogenous sediment b) fine grained lithogenous sediment c) biogenous sediment

a) large grained lithogenous sediment

At the base of continental slope one very likely deposit would be tubidite deposits because _______________. a) turbidity currents flow down the continental slope (full mostly of lithogenous sediment of all sizes) and when the fast moving, sediment-laden current hits the shallower slope at the bottom of the continental slope, the current slows and with that loss of energy, the larger grains settle out. Smaller grains settle out of the water column later on top of the larger grains. The effect is a series of graded beds (sedimentary strata), which make up the turbidite deposits, which form large submarine fans. These fans are primarily what form the continental rise. b) most material deposited from fragments of meteorites accumulate here due to oceanic currents c) this is the most common place for volcanism

a) turbidity currents flow down the continental slope (full mostly of lithogenous sediment of all sizes) and when the fast moving, sediment-laden current hits the shallower slope at the bottom of the continental slope, the current slows and with that loss of energy, the larger grains settle out. Smaller grains settle out of the water column later on top of the larger grains. The effect is a series of graded beds (sedimentary strata), which make up the turbidite deposits, which form large submarine fans. These fans are primarily what form the continental rise.

Why is quartz one of the most abundant constituents of lithogenous sediments? (Choose all that apply.) a) Quartz is a primary constituent of granite, and granite makes up most of the continents. b) Quartz, due to its high durability (hardness), is the mineral left over when most all other mineral grains in granite have been destroyed or turned to clay by weathering. c) Quartz is denser than most other minerals, so it tends to be concentrated in lithogenous deposits. d) Quartz is less durable than most other minerals and therefore is able to accumulate.

a,b

Near shore one would likely find large grained lithogenous sediment because _________________. a) the bulk or marine life lives near shore b) this is a high energy environment, with sediments derived primarily from the continents c) this is a low energy environment, with sediments derived primarily from the continents

b) this is a high energy environment, with sediments derived primarily from the continents

At the base of continental slope one very likely deposit would be _________ because turbidity currents flow down the continental slope (full mostly of lithogenous sediment of all sizes) and when the fast moving, sediment-laden current hits the shallower slope at the bottom of the continental slope, the current slows and with that loss of energy, the larger grains settle out. Smaller grains settle out of the water column later on top of the larger grains. The effect is a series of graded beds (sedimentary strata), which make up the turbidite deposits, which form large submarine fans. These fans are primarily what form the continental rise. a) cosmogenic b) volcanic deposits c) tubidite deposits

c) tubidite deposits