Module 3 Computer Hardware
Speakers and headphones can connect to devices using _____.
- Bluetooth - A 3.5mm audio jack - USB
Interference is a common problem with _____ devices
- Bluetooth - Wireless
Which of the following refers to a condition in which the CPU performs well but the bus speed is slow?
Bottlenecking
analog to digital converter
Digitizes the sound by sampling it
A joystick is a pin type input device used to draw and tap icons.
False
I don't wanna computers are easier to service and upgrade but occupy more space than desktop computers.
False
Random Access Memory (RAM)
He stores location that is part of Every computer and that temporarily stores open apps and document data while a computer is on. is stored on one or more chips connected to the main circuit board of the computer (also referred to as the motherboard).
Manny copied a table from the MS Excel file, close the file, and then pasted the table in a MS Word document. Where was the table stored after he copied it?
In ram
A router can connect to multiple devices on a
Local Network such as your computer, your tablet, and a shared printer
Well considering a computer to purchase, which of the following factors involved the operating system of the computer?
Platform
The BIOS also performs a__________ Which test all computer components for proper operation
Power-on Self Test (POST)
Which type of memory is permanently installed on your computer and attached to the motherboard?
Read-only memory (ROM)
digital pen
Similar to a stylus, but is more capable because it has programmable buttons. Some digital pans can also captures your hand writing as you write on paper or on the screen.
(True or False) Solid state drives are more durable than hard disk drives
True
(True or false) Volatile memory loses its contents when power is removed
True
(True or false) and a 8-bit coding scheme, eight bits can represent one character.
True
(true or False) You can easily rearrange clips by dragging them
True
Peripheral devices, like a USB Flash drive, and Shirley connected to your computer through ports.
True
Desktop computer
Typically consist of the system unit, monitor, keyboard, and mouse. They are not very portable. However these computers often could be more powerful and contain more storage than their mobile equivalent such as laptops and tablets. Hardware Components such as the hard drive and ram can be easily upgraded and desktop computers and other types of computers.
Software that converts text into speech is called a ______.
Voice synthesizer
If you press the key corresponding to letter "A" on the keyboard, what process is carried out inside the CPU to display the litter on the screen?
"A" Is converted to binary code, which the CPU processes. The computer that converts the code back "A" for display.
Types of printers
- Ink-jet printers - Laser printers - Multi function device (MFD) aka all-in- one printer - Mobile printers - Plotters
Overheating caused by direct sunlight can damage the _____.
- LCD screen - Processor - Hard drive
Which of the following are examples of pointing devices?
- Mouse - Touchpad
surge suppressor
Advice that prevents power fluctuations from damaging electronic components
Sampling
Digitally encoding music or sound
Rocco runs a software firm that creates database management systems for other businesses. How can he ensure that his employees computers were made protected from viruses and other malware?
He should've periodic antivirus getting and software upgrade it on all computers
Memory cache
Helps speed processing by storing frequently used instructions and data
Bottlenecking
If you have a fast CPU but the bus speed is slow, that can cause the condition
_______ recognition converts scanned documents into editable text.
Optical character
Printers are
Output devices
Speaker and headphones are
Output devices
Cycle
Sauce unit of time a process can measure
What performance specifications does 2 GHz refer to?
Speed at which the processor executes instructions
Server or Netwerk OS (N0S)
Support multiple computers and devices in a local area network
The area of the hard drive temporarily used to store data that cannot fit in RAM is called
Swap file or paging file
When a CPU executes instructions as it converts input into output, it does so with _____.
The control unit and the arithmetic logic unit
internal Hard drive
The most common storage medium on a computer; can be magnetic or solid state
On a mobile phone, the most common input device might be it's_______________.
Touchscreen
When should a user consider restoring the operating system?
When programs or apps do not start properly
Modern processors often have ____ levels of cache.
three
Which of these is an optical medium of storage?
Blu-ray discs
When eight beds are grouped together they form a
Byte
Jason takes mini photographs on a smart phone while on vacation in Italy. Jason wants to access these pictures across multiple devices, including his computer, smart phone, and tablet, where should you store them?
Cloud storage
Depending on the type of hard drive installed on your computer, using virtual memory may
Decrease your computers performance
Mobile operating system
Design to run on a connected mobile device Make a smart phone or tablet
Which of the following devices is the easiest to upgrade, such as by adding ram?
Desktop computers
Somewhere to internal hard drive, external hard drives can use
Either magnetic or solid-state technology.
Well RAM is used to temporarily store instructions used by apps, storage devices are designed to store data and information for
Extended periods of time
USB hub
External device that contains many USB ports
(True or False) In order to support file sharing , your PC must run a network operating system
False
(True or false)Random access memory is permanent storage location.
False
The four steps of the machine cycle include:
Fetching, decoding, executing, and storing
Solid-state hard drives are a type of_____ memory
Flash
Examples of cloud storage include
Google drive, Microsoft OneDrive, and dropbox
Jack needs a convenient way to browse the Internet, read emails, and store basic dad when he travels. Which of the following would be the best option for him?
He should make sure to bring a tablet.
Computer memory is responsible for
Holding data and programs as they are being processed by the CPU
What is the recommended solution if a computer perform slowly?
Install additional RAM
Where on the computers operating system generally stored?
Internal hard drive
______ can I occur when recording words containing the letters "p" and "b"
Plosives
What devices do not need device drivers to be manually install, and start to function as soon as they are connected to a computer?
Plug and play devices
Daniel wants to buy a computer to use for playing games after work. He loves racing games and wants to make sure his device has all the specifications needed to run smoothly and efficiently. Which of these factors should you consider?
Processor core by: some applications, especially games, have greater processing requirements
Which is the most civil device to use in a classroom or a conference room to deliver presentations?
Projector
How do I specifications include which of the following?
RAM and CPU
External hard drives also can be
Transported from one computer to another.
External hardware can be connected without wires or cables. (T/F)
True
What is the first step to performing hardware maintenance?
Turn off the computer and remove its power source.
What should you do if a headset plugged into your computer is not working properly?
Update the device driver.
Pointing device
Used to point to insulate specific objects on the computer screen. Examples of pointing device include a mouse, touchpad, and trackball
Which of the following is a necessary step in maintaining computer hardware?
Using a UPS or a surge processor
The two categories of system software's are
Utilities and operating systems
When Alice turn on her computer this morning, the screen displayed only colorful horizontal lines. Which of the following is most likely to have a problem?
Video card
Memory that loses its contents when power is removed is said to be
Volatile
What is the binary system?
a number system with two digits, 0 and 1
Processor Core
a unit on the processor with the circuitry necessary to execute instructions
Processors with more cores typically perform ____________ and are _______ ____________ than processors with fewer cores.
better; more expensive
Data travels in and out of the CPU through embedded wires called the __________.
bus
Which of the following factors can affect processor performance of a CPU?
clock speed
Fetching and decoding instructions are performed by the
control unit
A processor cache stores this data next to the processor so that it can
easily and quickly be retrieved
What is the correct sequence of processing instructions in a machine cycle?
fetch, decode, execute, store
Which of these hardware components can you use to store videos?
hard drive
If a processor uses specific data frequently it can store data where?
in a processor cache.
Processors with multiple cores are referred to as:
multi-core processors
Benchmarking is an evaluation of _____.
performance
Which of these is not an input device?
printer
Which of the following is classified as input device?
webcam
A laptop (notebook) typically includes a
A touchpad or trackpad, and keyboard
In which of the following types of computers is the system unit in a separate housing from the monitor. A. Desktop computer B. All in one computer C. Laptop computer D. Tablet
A. Desktop Computer
When A computer translate a character in two bits or bytes , I use a text coding scheme. Two popular text coding schemes are
ASCII ( 8 bit coding scheme) Unicode (16 but coding scheme)
Network Interface Card (NIC)
Allows the machine to interface with a network either with a port for plugging In an ethernet cable or antenna for connecting wirelessly
Peripheral device
Also referred to as an add-on device is a device such as a keyboard, mouse, printer, or speakers that can connect to and extend the capability of a computer
Client/server functions
Application and database sharing and enhanced security
Optical media
CDs, DVDs, and Blu-ray disc, use laser technology for storage and playback
External hard drive
Can add storage capacity to your computer; our house is a separate case, and typically connect to your computer using a USB cable
Input device
Communicates instructions and commands to a computer
Gigahertz (GHz)
Specifies billions of cycles per second
What determines the speed at which data travels?
bus width
Which type of computer can be assembled using a monitor, a keyboard, a CPU, speakers, a printer and a mouse?
desktop computer
Cloud storage is
-An Internet service that provides remote data storage - A safe and easy backup option for many consumers - Good for sharing links to large files
Video card
A circuit board that processes image signals
What could cause an external drive, like a USB flash drive, to not be recognized when plugged into the computer?
A faulty port
Byte
A field size for number fields that allows interest only from 0 to 255
Electronic device like a card reader, smart thermostat, or navigation system in our car runs on Embedded OS,
A highly specific set of instructions that controls a more finite set of operations
True or False Potters are small, lightweight printers that easily can be connected to mobile devices
False
True or False Uninterruptible power supplies and surge suppressor's will help protect your computer from power outages.
False
True or False the system restore command in windows returns deleted or modified documents.
False
True or false. Speech recognition refers to a computer's ability to record and edit human speech.
False
What is computers can operate normally an extreme temperatures in withstand high humidity and power fluctuations.
False
To resolve major issues, computer professionals often suggest restoring the operating system. Which of the following should happen before the step?
Transfer contents to an external storage device
Cameras
Are input devices because they support you adding pictures or videos to a computer
The executing and storing instructions are performed by the
Ariththmetic logic unit (a LU)
You type out a few senses in an MS word file, and save it on your desktop. How's this data stored on the computer?
As a combination of ones and zeros
Which of the following stores devices requires an Internet connection? A. internal hard drive B. Cloud storage C. Solid State Drive D. Flash memory
B. cloud storage
Multitouch screens
Can respond to multiple fingers touching the screen simultaneously. This is useful when you're performing adjuster such as pinching or stretching object to resize it
If you're experiencing display problems on your computer, which of the following troubleshooting techniques might you attempt for us?
Check to see that all the cables are properly connected to
The OM provides the means of
Communication between the operating system and hardware devices
voice synthesizer
Converts text to speech
Output device
Conveys information from the computer to the user
Some software let you choose between standard and _______ installation
Custom
Under which of the following circumstances might even be most likely to contact a professional to repair your computer or mobile device? A. printer will not print B. Computer or device is too hot C. Computer cannot synchronize with Bluetooth accessory's D. Screen is broken
D. Screen is broken
bus width
Determines the speed at which data travels, and is also referred to as the word size. The white or the bus, the more data that can travel on it.
Which of the following tells your computer how to connect to devices you might connect? A. Device Driver B. Configuration manager C. Device manager D. Communication manager
Device Driver
Plug-and-play
Devices that be good function properly as soon as you connect them to your computer
Some examples of storage devices include
Internal hard drive, external hard drive, memory cards and USB flash drive
Port
Is slot on the computer where you can attach a peripheral device
What printer is commonly used to produce high-quality professional drawing such as architectural blueprints?
Plotter
Modem
Sends and receives data beyond your local network to the Internet
uninterruptible power supply (UPS)
Short term battery back up that comes on automatically in case of power loss
What type of hard drive has no moving parts, making it fast and durable?
Solid State Drive
True or False A stylus is an input device.
True
True or False Ink-jet printers use pressurized nozzles to spray ink onto paper.
True
True or False: The speed at which data travels on a bus is referred to as the bus width
True
What device do e-learning applications usually use to help users with visual impairment read digital content?
Voice synthesizer
Bit
(Short for binary digit) is the smallest unit of data a computer can process
The main categories of software are
- Application - System - Development
Jennifer turns on her laptop and here's a series of beeps. What do they probably indicate?
Internal hardware problem
Laptops, all in one desktops, and smart phones usually have _________.
Internal microphones
Cloud storage
Involve storing electronic files on the Internet, not on a local computer, a practice called storing data "in the cloud."
On a computer, the most common input device might be _________, Which can communicate text and instructions.
Keyboard
Operating system
Manages and coordinates all the activities on a computing device suggest starting up, running apps, and allocating memory
Control unit
Manages the flow of instructions within the processor
Dynamic RAM (DRAM)
Memory needs to be constantly recharged or Constance will be erased (volatile)
RAID stand for
Redundant array of independent disks, is a way of storing the same data in different places thus redundant. on multiple hard disks
Restore
Returning an operating system or Files to the default settings, or migrating back to the operating systems previous version
A CPU converts the data entered through the keyboard into output displayed on the monitor.
True
A fitness tracker is an example of a ______ device.
Mixed
The Unicode coding scheme supports a variety of characters included those for Chinese, Japanese, and Arabic language is.
True
True or false In general, a high-powered processor is not necessary for a computer that will be used primarily to check email and browse the web
True
Which of the following types of ram needs to be constantly recharged to retain the contents?
Dynamic RAM (DRAM)
It is advised to fully charge the battery of a laptop before using it for the first time.
False
Surya's Computer monitor display does not seem to work despite repeated attempts to fix the issue. Which of the following is most likely to be causing display problems?
Faulty power or video cable
The root directory is the main list of
Files and folders on the drive
If you want to share a document for others to view and edit, which of the following should you do?
Save the document to OneDrive.
Alex needs to email his graduation certificate to a prospective employer. He has only physical copies of the certificate. What device could he used to create an electronic copy of the certificate?
Scanner
Megahertz (MHz)
Specifies millions of cycles per second
A device driver is a program that controls a device attached to the computer.
True
True or false Storage device problems can prevent a computer from starting up properly
True
True or false a specific touch motion you use to issue commands call gestures.
True
True or false the connector on a USB flash drive allows transmission of both data and power
True
What is the most common type of storage device for transferring files from one computer to another?
USB flash drive
Alessandro wants to use his desktop computer to video chat with his mother. What hardware does he need to accomplish this?
Use his webcam and speakers so that he and his mother can both see and hear each other.
If your computer is a long way from your wireless router you can add
A repeater to extend the range of the signal
Factors to consider it in buying a computer
Platform (do I need to use software that requires a specific platform) Hardware (do I require specific hardware to perform intended task) Hardware specifications (will the tasks I perform or software I want to run require certain hardware specifications) Form factor (will I be using the computer and one location, or will I need to be Mobile) Add on devices up parentheses what additional devices will I need to perform minded to task)
Mobile device
Portable or handheld computing device, such a smart phone or a tablet
On a computer or mobile device, the most common output device might be it's
Display device.
Read only memory (ROM)
Permanently installed on your computer it is attached to the motherboard. The ROM chip contains the BIOS, which tells your computer how to start.
Device driver
Program that controls a device attached to your computer, such as a printer, monitor, or video card
Platform (computer)
Refers to the software or operating system, it uses
Arithmetic Logic Unit
Responsible for performing arithmetic operations in the CPU
The machine cycle or instruction cycle includes the steps the CPU completes to
Run program instructions, make calculations, and make decisions
All in one computer
Similar to a desktop computer, but the monitor and system unit our house together. Take up less space than a desktop computer and are easier to transport, but typically more difficult to service or upgrade because it components are housed in very limited space. More expensive than a desktop computer with equivalent hardware specifications.
Tablet
Small, flat computer with a Touch Sensitive screen that excepts input from a digital pen, stylus, or your fingertips. Tablets often are less powerful than other types of computers, but provide an easy, convenient way to browse the web, read and respond to emails, and create simple documents.
Other types of output devices include
Speakers, headphones, projectors, and printers.
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
A complex integrated circuit that consists of millions of electronic parts and is primarily responsible for converting input (data) into meaningful output (information).
Binary system
A number system that has two digits, zero and one. The digit zero indicates the absence of an electronic charge, and a one indicates the presence of an electronic charge. These electronic charges (or absence thereof), when group together; represents data. Each zero or one is called a bit.
Solid State Drive (SSD)
A hard drive without moving parts, it is faster and more durable than magnetic drives. Solid state drives often are used on mobile devices such as laptops and tablets and come in various physical sizes
Additional types of input devices include, but are not limited to,
A mouse, stylist, scanner, WebCam, microphone, and game controller
Benchmark
A test run by a laboratory or other organizations to determine the processor speed and other performance factors. Benchmarking test comparison of our systems performing identical tasks.
Please update instructions, or firmware version, can enable your computer to
Perform additional tasks or fine-tune how your computer communicates with other devices
Flash memory
Best type of memory that typically is less expensive than some other types of RAM, And can retain its contents in the absence of power (nonvolatile)
Will you type numbers, letters, and special characters on your keyboard, the computer translates them into the corresponding
Bits and bytes that it can understand. This translation spare she from having to may only type the bits for each number, letter; or special character.
Types of RAM
Dynamic RAM (DRAM) Static RAM (SRAM) Magnetoresistive RAM (MRAM) Flash Memory
(True or false) flash memory is a typeof volatile memory
False; Flash memory is nonvolatile
Computer manufacturers often update the instructions on the ROM chip, which are referred to as
Firmware
scanner
Input device that converts an existing paper image into electronic file that you can open and work with on your computer. For example if you want to convert a printed logo to a digital form so that you can edit and duplicate it, you could use a scanner to convert the print logo to format a computer can understand
Instructions executed by the CPU go through a series of four steps, often referred to as a
Machine cycle or an instruction cycle
Router
Manages network traffic by evaluating data and routing it to the right place
Open source
Meaning they can control devices made by variety manufacturers. This is why android phones are more customizable than Apple phones
Static RAM (SRAM)
Memory can be recharged less frequently than DRAM, but can be more expensive than the DRAM (volatile)
Magnetoresistive RAM (MRAM)
Memory uses magnetic charges to store contents, and can retain its contents in the absence of power (nonvolatile)
A computer typically connects to a router via a _______.
Network Interface Card
Memory that does not lose its contents when power is removed is called
Nonvolatile
Windows, macOS, chrome OS are
PC operating systems designed for just one class of device, a personal computer
clock speed
The speed at which a processor can execute instructions. Can be measured in megahertz or gigahertz
Magnetic hard disk Drive (HDDs)
Typically have greater storage capacity and are less expensive than their solid-state equivalence, I have several moving parts, making it advisable to move the computer while they are running.
As you run more apps simultaneously, more RAM will be required. If your computer runs low on ram, it may need to swap the contents of RAM to and from the hard drive. When this takes place your computer said to be using
Virtual memory
When a CPU executes instructions as it converts input into output, it does so with the:
control unit and the arithmetic logic unit