Module 6 Study Guide

What kind of wars existed during the Warring States period? Why?

Civil wars existed because the lords began fighting each other.

Confucianism stressed living in harmony with the Dao, the guiding force of all reality.

False

Daoism was the belief that people were bad by nature and needed to be controlled through strict laws and punishments.

False

The Chinese extended the Silk Road to protect its land and trade routes.

False

The emperor who unified China gave himself the title Qin dynasty, which means "first emperor".

False

Traders returned from Vietnam with gold, silver, precious stones, and horses.

False

One of the physical barriers that separates China from the outside world is a desert called the ___.

Gobi

Under the ____ dynasty, the Chinese made advances in art, literature, medicine, and science.

Han

How did Shi Huangdi's rule demonstrate his Legalist beliefs?

He created a strong government with strict laws and severe punishments.

Farmers grew millet and wheat along the ___, or Yellow River.

Huang He

Why did Buddhism become popular in China?

It offered more hope than Confucianism or Daoism. It offered a rebirth and a relief from suffering.

____became the first Han emperor by winning control of China after the fall of the Qin dynasty.

Liu Bang

List three examples that demonstrate the spread of knowledge and technology along the Silk Road.

New languages, arts and science, paper making and irrigation systems, new religions

___ bones were pieces of bone or shell that Chinese priests believed they could "read" to predict the future.

Oracle

The ___ dynasty made many advances, including China's first writing system.

Shang

Which dynasty created China's writing system?

Shang dynasty

Who ordered the destruction of all the writings that did not agree with Legalism?

Shi Huangdi ordered the destruction of writings.

What was the most famous overland trade route that the Chinese used to take goods to distant lands?

Silk Road

What was the massive building project undertaken that required the labor of hundreds of thousands of soldiers and workers?

The massive building project that required the labor of hundreds of thousands of soldiers and workers was the Great Wall.

What caused cities to grow in western China?

Trading posts and farming settlements developed along trade routes.

During the Hand dynasty, silk and pottery were highly valued by Romans.

True

Peasants, or farmers with small farms, were at the bottom of the social order during the Zhou dynasty.

True

Shi Huangdi was a follower of Legalist political beliefs. He created a strong government with strict laws and severe punishments.

True

The Silk Road was a network of routes westward between China and the Mediterranean Sea.

True

Under the Qin dynasty, China was unified, a network of roads and canals was built, and the written language was standardized.

True

What led to an increase in trade outside China?

Value of silk fabric and fine pottery to people in other lands

A legendary emperor, Yu the Great, is believed to have founded the ___ dynasty around 2200 BC.

Xia

Under which dynasty were the first flood control channels built in China?

Xia dynasty

The Shang social order had the ruler and nobles at the top and ___ in the middle.

artisans

The spread of ideas, goods, and technology from one culture to another is ____.

diffusion

How did the Zhou establish their rule throughout China?

granted land to nobles in exchange for taxes and soldiers

Where did the Chinese first grow rice?

in the Chang Jiang Valley

An indication of a social order was that the graves of many rich people had objects made of ___.

jade

What was one aspect of the Qin government that the Han changed?

lowered taxes, reduced punishments, made Confucianism official government policy

In which part of China is the Gobi?

northern China

Which Han dynasty invention made books possible?

paper

China's first writing system used ___, symbols that express words or ideas.

pictographs

A soft, light, highly valued fabric is called ____.

silk

Why did Legalists want the state to always be prepared for war?

so the empire would continue to expand

Give three reasons why trade became easier under the Qin.

standardized monetary system, standardized weights and measures, unified writing system, new highway system, canals

Why do you think it was important to keep the silk production process a secret?

to prevent other cultures from learning how to make silk, which would lower its cost

What was the purpose of the Great Wall?

to protect China from fierce nomads from the north

What was Confucius's goal?

to return China to the ideas and practices of a time when people knew their proper roles

List three ways Shi Huangdi unified China.

uniform law system, standard rules and punishments, standardized written language, uniform monetary system