Module 7 Quiz Questions

Why is matching a less desirable research strategy than random assignment? A. for group comparisons, matching cannot control all confounding subject characteristics, but randomization can B. matching is not appropriate for most research situations C. matching is more costly that randomization D. matching requires a greater level of administrative cooperation

A

a researcher found in a cross sectional study that people who had experienced more negative life events (e.g., divorce, job loss) had lower scores on a measures of overall physical health than those with few negative life events. The research can include: A. there is a relationship b/w negative life events & health, but the nature of the relationships is ambiguous B. negative life events led to deterioration in physical health C. poor physical health led to a higher number of negative life events D. characteristics of participants (e.g., their income level) affected both health & negative life events

A

a researcher studying the effect of length of nursing home residency on resident's emotional well-being compared to 100 residents 1 week after admission with 100 residents who had lived in the nursing home for 6 months. this is an example of a: A. cross sectional design B. time series design C. crossover design D. longitudinal design

A

a researcher would be best able to draw inferences about cause and effect relationship in which study design A. crossover design B. case control design C. one group before-after design D. time series design

A

in a crossover design, what type of control group is used A. subjects serve as their own control by being exposed to multiple treatment conditions B. subjects are randomly assigned to either a treatment or a nontreatment control group C. there is no control group D. control group subjects are exposed to a treatment once & experimental group subject are exposed repeatedly

A

in a randomized control trial using a pretest-postest design in which posttest data are collected 6 months after the intervention, the internal validity (i.e., ability to accurately measure the relationship between IV & DV) would most likely be compromised by the: A. mortality threat B. selection threat C. maturation threat D. history threat

A

what is the crucial criterion for establishing the trustworthiness of qualitative data A. credibility B. incubation C. reliability D. prolonged engagement

A

what type of design would be best suited to studying the effect of exposure to cockroach allergens on asthma in children A. a prospective cohort design B. a nonequivalent control group design C. a before-after randomized controlled trial design D. a retrospective case control design

A

which name is associated with a widely used framework of standards for evaluating qualitative studies? A. Guba B. Morse C. Colaizzi D. Glaser

A

which research question could be addressed using a true experimental design? A. what is the effect of cognitive training on the mental health of the elderly? B. what is the effect of maternal heroin use on infants birth weight? C. what is the effect of nurses opportunities for job advancement on their job satisfaction? D. what is the effect of obstetric provider (nurse-midwife vs. obstetrician) on women's decisions to breastfeed after delivery?

A

descriptive qualitative studies may use an approach to analysis called: A. constitutive analysis B. content analysis C. componential analysis D. computer analysis

B

what does having a control group in a randomized controlled trial allow the researcher to do? A. generalize the results of the experiment to the entire population B. have a benchmark for comparing the experimental group against a group not receiving the experimental intervention C. guarantee that the study is rigorous & valid D. reduce research costs by administering a treatment to only half the subjects

B

what method is used in grounded theory analysis A. content analysis B. constant comparison C. componential analysis D. data saturation

B

what is the most important threat to internal validity of nonequivalent control group designs A. history B. maturation C. selection D. mortality

C

which feature is not essential for an experimental design? A. control B. randomization C. blinding D. intervention

C

which statement is not true? A. category systems often need to be modified once coding has begun B. units of narrative content (e.g., paragraphs) often include materials for several coding categories C. qualitative researchers usually develop a category system before data are collected D. in preparing for qualitative analysis, a key organizational task is to categorize & code the data

C

which strategy could be used to improve the credibility of qualitative data A. known group techniques B. thick description C. investigator triangulation D. evocative description

C

assigning each participants to a group by random assignment means: A. participants are randomly selected from the population B. researchers have control over which people are assigned to which groups C. groups being compared will necessarily be equivalent at the outset of the study D. every participant has an equal chance of being assigned to any group

D

which statement is true A. a decision trail is an important tool for enhancing authenticity in qualitative studies B. reflexivity is an important tool primarily in phenomenological inquirt C. virtually all qualitative researcher use member checking D. prolonged engagement requires researcher to spend sufficient time collecting & analyzing data so that they can develop an in depth understanding of the phenomenon of interest

D

there is one basic approach to phenomenological analysis true or false

false