Module 8: EAQ Hormonal Regulation

In an interdisciplinary team meeting, a nurse is describing diurnal patterns, pulsatile and cyclic patterns, and patterns that depend on levels of circulating substrates. Which topic is the nurse discussing? 1. Elimination patterns of hormones 2. Regulation patterns of hormones 3. Transport patterns of hormones 4. Secretion patterns of hormones

4. Secretion patterns of hormones

A nurse is teaching the staff about hormones that are secreted by the anterior pituitary. Which hormones should the nurse include? Select all that apply. 1. Oxytocin 2. Calcitonin 3. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) 4 . Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) 5. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) 6. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

5. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) 6. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

A nurse is teaching the staff about steroid hormones. Which information should the nurse include? 1. They are water-soluble molecules. 2. They are relatively large hormones. 3. They are synthesized from cholesterol. 4. They are transported by high osmotic pressure.

3. They are synthesized from cholesterol.

A client is experiencing the fight-or-flight response. Which gland releases the catecholamines? 1. Pituitary 2. Adrenal cortex 3. Hypothalamus 4. Adrenal medulla

4. Adrenal medulla

A nurse is reviewing charts. Which client is most predisposed to an increase in antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion? 1. Patient A 2. Patient B 3. Patient C 4. Patient D

4. Patient D

Which pathophysiologic process should the nurse consider when caring for a client with the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)? 1. Renal retention of sodium and water 2. Renal excretion of water and sodium 3. Renal retention of sodium without water 4. Renal retention of water without sodium

4. Renal retention of water without sodium

A nurse is talking about the most potent naturally occurring glucocorticoid. Which glucocorticoid is the nurse describing? 1. Cortisol 2. Estrogen 3. Aldosterone 4. Adrenocorticotropic hormone

1. Cortisol

A nurse is teaching the staff about the adrenal glands and their hormones. Which information should the nurse include for the hormones that are secreted by the adrenal cortex? Select all that apply. 1. Cortisol 2. Aldosterone 3. Epinephrine 4. Corticosterone 5. Norepinephrine

1. Cortisol 2. Aldosterone 4. Corticosterone

A nurse is teaching about the posterior pituitary gland hormones. Which hormones should the nurse include? Select all that apply. 1. Oxytocin 2. Prolactin 3. Growth hormone 4. Antidiuretic hormone 5. Luteinizing hormone

1. Oxytocin 4. Antidiuretic hormone

A client has syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) secretion. Upon assessment, which findings would the nurse expect to observe? Select all that apply. 1. Thirst 2. Confusion 3. Muscle twitching 4. Peripheral edema 5. Dyspnea on exertion

1. Thirst 2. Confusion 3. Muscle twitching 5. Dyspnea on exertion

A nurse is caring for a client with Addison disease and notices weakness. How should the nurse interpret this finding? 1. This is a result of hypocortisolism. 2. This is a result of encephalopathy. 3. This is a result of insulin resistance. 4. This is a result of central nervous system (CNS) ischemia.

1. This is a result of hypocortisolism.

A nurse is describing how thyroid hormone is made. In which correct order should the nurse present the steps? 1. Uniodinated thyroglobulin produced 2. Trapping of iodide into the thyroid follicular cells 3. Oxidation to iodine 4. Stored in colloid 5. Triiodothyronine and tetraiodothyronine produced

1. Uniodinated thyroglobulin produced 2. Trapping of iodide into the thyroid follicular cells 3. Oxidation to iodin

Which hormone deficiency causes serum hyperosmolarity? 1. Prolactin 2. Antidiuretic hormone 3. Thyroid-stimulating hormone 4. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone

2. Antidiuretic hormone

What are the signs and symptoms of syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)? Select all that apply. 1. Polyuria 2. Dyspnea 3. Anorexia 4. Coarse skin 5. Dulled sensorium

2. Dyspnea 3. Anorexia 5. Dulled sensorium

A nurse is talking about the hormone that has the opposite physiologic effects of insulin on the client's liver. Which hormone is the nurse describing? 1. Amylin 2. Glucagon 3. Aldosterone 4. Somatostatin

2. Glucagon

A client has syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) secretion. Upon assessment of the laboratory results, which finding is typical? 1. Hypokalemia 2. Hyponatremia 3. Urine hyposmolarity 4. Serum hyperosmolality

2. Hyponatremia

A nurse is teaching about the hypothalamus. Which information should the nurse include? Select all that apply. 1. It is divided into two neurons. 2. It is located at the base of the brain. 3. It is connected to the posterior pituitary by blood vessels. 4. It is connected to the anterior pituitary by a single membrane. 5. It is made up of neurosecretory neurons that secrete releasing hormones.

2. It is located at the base of the brain. 5. It is made up of neurosecretory neurons that secrete releasing hormones.

A client with hypothyroidism has now run out of hormone replacement. What signs and symptoms will the client most likely experience in the next 2 or 3 days? 1. Hyperreflexia, diarrhea, and weight loss 2. Lethargy, cold intolerance, and bradycardia 3. Muscle wasting, hyperglycemia, and hypertension 4. Weight gain, development of goiter, and thyroid storm

2. Lethargy, cold intolerance, and bradycardia

Which information indicates a nurse has an accurate understanding of the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)? 1. TSH secretion is controlled by positive feedback. 2. TSH secretion is regulated by thyrotropin-releasing hormone. 3. TSH is secreted by the hypothalamus when triiodothyronine (T3) is low. 4. TSH is secreted in excess when the pituitary is stimulated by thyroxine (T4).

2. TSH secretion is regulated by thyrotropin-releasing hormone

A nurse is using a diagram (see image) to teach the staff about regulation of target cell sensitivity to a hormone. Which phenomenon is the nurse describing? 1. Elimination 2. Up-regulation 3. Down-regulation 4. Permissiveness

2. Up-regulation

A client has Addison disease. Which pathophysiologic process should the nurse remember when assessing the symptoms of this disease? 1. An insufficient amount of T4 and T3 2. Increased serum levels of aldosterone 3. An insufficient amount of circulating cortisol 4. Increased activity of the renin-angiotensin system

3. An insufficient amount of circulating cortisol

A client has a dysfunctional gland that synthesizes and releases adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). Which gland is affected? 1. Adrenal cortex 2. Adrenal medulla 3. Anterior pituitary 4. Posterior pituitary

3. Anterior pituitary

A nurse is teaching the staff about the cause of primary Addison disease. Which information should the nurse include in the teaching session? 1. A secreting adrenal cancer 2. Viral infection of the posterior pituitary 3. Autoimmune injury to the adrenal cortex 4. Bacterial infection of the adrenal medulla

3. Autoimmune injury to the adrenal cortex

Which diseases cause primary hyperthyroidism? Select all that apply. 1. Meningitis 2. Cystic fibrosis 3. Graves disease 4. Solitary toxic adenoma 5. Toxic multinodular goiter

3. Graves disease 4. Solitary toxic adenoma 5. Toxic multinodular goiter

A nurse is teaching the staff about the regulation of the release of T3 and T4 from the thyroid gland. Which primary process should the nurse include? 1. Neural feedback 2. Positive feedback 3. Negative feedback 4. Dysregulated feedback

3. Negative feedback