Mosby's: Chapter 14 GI tract

38. The wall in an adult appendix is considered abnormal once the thickness exceeds: a. 2 mm b. 4 mm c. 6 mm d. 8 mm e. 10 mm

a. 2 mm

37. A patient presents with a history of abdominal distension and pain. A sonogram of the periumbilical area demonstrates distended fluid filled loops of small bowel. On the basis of the clinical history, the sonographic findings are most suspicious for which of the following conditions? a. ileus b. intussusception c. diverticulitis d. crohn disease e. acute appendicitis

a. ileus

48. Which of the following abnormalities is not associated with a mucocele? a. polyp b. neoplasm c. fecalith d. gastritis e. scarring

a. polyp

50. An asymptomatic patient demonstrates a small, intraluminal hypoechoic mass on ultrasound. The mass appears to protrude from a gastric wall. This is most suspicious for which of the following gastric pathologies? a. polyp b. ulcer c. adenoma d. leiomyoma e. leiomyosarcoma

a. polyp

34. To be considered within normal limits, the wall thickness of the pyloric canal should not exceed: a. 2 mm b. 4 mm c. 6 mm d. 8 mm e. 10 mm

b. 4 mm

1. The esophagus begins at the pharynx and terminates into the: a. esophageal orifice of the stomach b. cardiac orifice of the stomach c. pyloric orifice of the stomach d. gastric orifice of the stomach e. esophageal hiatus of the stomach

b. cardiac orifice of the stomach

18. The common bile duct enters which of the following sections of the duodenum? a. superior b. descending c. ascending d. inferior e. horizontal

b. descending

10. The large intestines include all of the following regions except the: a. rectum b. ileum c. cecum d. appendix e. sigmoid

b. ileum

44. A female patient complaining of right lower quadrant pain and vomiting presents to the ER. Her last menstrual period was 2 weeks earlier. A pelvic ultrasound might be ordered to rule out all of the following except: a. appendicitis b. pancreatitis c. ovarian torsion d. hemorrhagic cyst e. tubo-ovarian abscess

b. pancreatitis

17. Malignant neoplasms involving the large intestines are most frequently located in which of the following regions? a. ileum b. rectum c. sigmoid d. ascending colon e. descending colon

b. rectum

21. Which of the following GI regions is composed of 5 individual wall layers? a. esophagus b. stomach c. duodenum d. cecum e. rectum

b. stomach

4. Which portion of the GI tract is most likely to demonstrate rugae? a. esophagus b. stomach c. duodenum d. transverse colon e. sigmoid colon

b. stomach

15. The diameter of the normal adult appendix should not exceed: a. 2 mm b. 4 mm c. 6 mm d. 8 mm e. 10 mm

c. 6 mm

16. Extreme pain over McBurney point is most commonly associated with: a. cholecystitis b. intussusception c. an appendicitis d. diverticulitis e. pancreatitis

c. an appendicitis

46. A gastric ulcer is most commonly caused by a(n): a. neoplasm b. increase in gastrin c. bacterial infection d. decrease in hydrochloric acid e. decrease in sodium bicarbonate

c. bacterial infection

19. An episode of excessive alcohol consumption is most commonly associated with which of the following conditions? a. ileus b. colitis c. gastritis d. appendicitis e. diverticulitis

c. gastritis

3. Clinical symptoms related to an episode of acute appendicitis may include all of the following except: a. fever b. nausea c. heartburn d. positive McBurney sign e. periumbilical pain

c. heartburn

7. Crohn disease most commonly occurs in which of the following regions? a. duodenum b. jejunum c. ileum d. cecum e. sigmoid

c. ileum

45. Possible sonographic findings in gastric carcinoma include all of the following except: a. target lesion b. gastric wall thickening c. large cystic mass d. hypervascular mass e. left upper quadrant mass

c. large cystic mass

39. The duodenum protects the small intestines form chyme by secreting: a. bile b. pepsin c. mucus d. sodium bicarbonate e. cholecystokinin

c. mucus

49. Which portion of the large intestines demonstrates the narrowest lumen? a. cecum b. ileum c. sigmoid d. ascending e. descending

c. sigmoid

41. The majority of food absorption occurs in which portion of the GI tract? a. stomach b. cecum c. small intestines d. ascending colon e. esophagus

c. small intestines

22. McBurney point is best described as a point between the: a. umbilicus and inguinal canal b. symphysis pubis and right iliac crest c. umbilicus and right iliac crest d. xiphoid and right costal margin e. right costal margin and right iliac crest

c. umbilicus and right iliac crest

14. To be considered within normal limits, the length of the pyloric canal should not exceed: a. 10 mm b. 12 mm c. 15 mm d. 18 mm e. 21 mm

d. 18 mm

42. Which of the following sections of the GI tract terminates at the junction with the sigmoid colon? a. cecum b. rectum c. ileum d. transverse colon d. descending colon

d. descending colon

47. Gastritis is most likely described in sonographic terms as a(n): a. intraluminal target lesion b. absence of rugae in the stomach walls c. fluid-filled mass in the left upper quadrant d. diffuse thickening of the gastric walls e. poorly defined hypoechoic gastric mass

d. diffuse thickening of the gastric walls

23. Which of the following is not a section of the duodenum? a. ascending b. descending c. superior d. inferior e. horizontal

d. inferior

8. Prolapse of one section of bowel into the lumen of another bowel segment describes which of the following conditions? a. ileus b. Crohn disease c. diverticulitis d. intussuscpetion e. Meckel diverticulum

d. intussuscpetion

9. The walls of the jejunum and ileum demonstrate small folds termed the: a. WES sign b. olive sign c. target sign d. keyboard sign e. doughnut sign

d. keyboard sign

36. Ulcers are more commonly located in which of the following regions of the stomach? a. body b. fundus c. pylorus d. lesser curvature e. greater curvature

d. lesser curvature

11. The right margin of the esophagus is contiguous with the: a. duodenum b. pyloric canal c. tail of the pancreas d. lesser curvature of the stomach e. greater curvature of the stomach

d. lesser curvature of the stomach

5. Which of the following enzymes is produced by the stomach? a. gastrin b. lipase c. secretin d. pepsin e. amylase

d. pepsin

43. Forward movement of intestinal contents caused by rhythmic contractions of the intestines is termed: a. rugae b. pylrospasm c. cramping d. peristalsis e. haustral contractions

d. peristalsis

35. Functions of the GI tract include all of the following except: a. digest food b. secrete mucus into the intestines c. secrete digestive enzymes d. release glycogen as glucose e. absorb and break down food

d. release glycogen as glucose

6. Which of the following is considered a function of the duodenum? a. secrete pepsin b. produce lipase c. secrete hydrochloric acid d. secrete large quantities of mucous e. produce vitamin K and B complex

d. secrete large quantities of mucous

20. Which of the following organs is considered the principal organ of digestion? a. mouth b. pharynx c. esophagus d. stomach e. small intestines

d. stomach

13. The small intestine is a region of the GI tract extending from the: a. duodenum to the ileum b. pyloric opening to the appendix c. duodenum to the cecum d. duodenum to the appendix e pyloric opening to the ileocecal valve

e pyloric opening to the ileocecal valve

12. Which of the following structures demonstrates haustral wall markings? a. cecum b. appendix c. duodenum d. stomach e. ascending colon

e. ascending colon

33. An elderly patient presents with a history of rectal bleeding and a change in normal bowel patterns. An irregular complex mass is identified in the rectum on an endorectal sonogram. On the basis of this history, the finding on the sonogram is most suspicious for: a. polyp b. fecalith c. diverticulum d. hemorrhoid e. carcinoma

e. carcinoma

24. Distention of the small bowel with fluid or air is associated with all of the following conditions except: a. peritonitis b. neoplasm c. renal colic d. acute pancreatitis e. gastroparesis

e. gastroparesis

2. Male infants have a predisposing factor for developing which of the following gastrointestinal conditions? a. ileus b. gastritis c. intussusception d. Meckel diverticulum e. hypertrophied pyloric stenosis

e. hypertrophied pyloric stenosis

40. The ileum is a section of the GI tract extending from the: a. duodenum to the cecum b. jejunum to the appendix c. duodenum to the appendix d. cecum to the ascending colon e. jejunum to the ileocecal junction

e. jejunum to the ileocecal junction