MS2 E4 Neuro Prep U

To evaluate a client's cerebellar function, a nurse should ask:

"Do you have any problems with balance?"

The anatomy instructor is discussing the central nervous system. A student asks where the cerebral cortex is located. What should the anatomy instructor answer?

"It is located on the surface of the cerebrum."

The spinal cord is composed of 31 pairs of spinal nerves. How many pairs of thoracic nerves are contained within the spinal column?

12

A client is scheduled for an EEG. The client asks about any diet-related prerequisites before the EEG. Which diet-related advice should the nurse provide to the client?

Avoid taking sedative drugs or drinks that contain caffeine for at least 8 hours before the test.

The nurse obtains a Snellen eye chart when assessing cranial nerve function. Which cranial nerve is the nurse testing when using the chart?

CN II

The nurse is assessing the throat of a client with throat pain. In asking the client to stick out the tongue, the nurse is also assessing which cranial nerve?

Cranial nerve XII

What safety actions does the nurse need to take for a client receiving oxygen therapy who is undergoing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)?

Ensure that no client care equipment containing metal enters the room where the MRI is located.

A client is weak and drowsy after a lumbar puncture. The nurse caring for the client knows that what priority nursing intervention should be provided after a lumbar puncture?

Position the client flat for at least 3 hours.

A nurse is performing a neurologic assessment on a client with a stroke and cannot elicit a gag reflex. This deficit is related to cranial nerve (CN) X, the vagus nerve. What will the nurse consider a priority nursing diagnosis?

Risk for aspiration

The nurse is performing a neurological assessment of a client who has sustained damage to the frontal cortex. Which of the following deficits will the nurse look for during assessment?

The inability to tell how a mouse and a cat are alike

A patient comes to the emergency department with severe pain in the face that was stimulated by brushing the teeth. What cranial nerve does the nurse understand can cause this type of pain?

V

The nurse is performing a neurologic assessment on a client diagnosed with a stroke and cannot elicit a gag reflex. This deficit is related to which of the following cranial nerves?

X

The nurse who is employed in a neurologist's office is performing a history and assessment on a client experiencing hearing difficulty. The nurse is most correct to gather equipment to assess the function of cranial nerve:

cranial nerve VIII

If a client has a lower motor neuron lesion, the nurse would expect the client to exhibit

decreased muscle tone

The trochlear nerve controls which function?

eye muscle movement

Lower motor neuron lesions cause

flaccid muscles

A client in the emergency department has a suspected neurologic disorder. To assess gait, the nurse asks the client to take a few steps; with each step, the client's feet make a half circle. To document the client's gait, the nurse should use which term?

helicopod

A client is diagnosed with a brain tumor. The nurse's assessment reveals that the client has difficulty interpreting visual stimuli. Based on these findings, the nurse suspects injury to which lobe of the brain?

occipital

The nurse has completed evaluating the client's cranial nerves. The nurse documents impairment of the right cervical nerves (CN IX and CN X). Based on these findings, the nurse should instruct the client to

refrain from eating or drinking for now.

Which neurotransmitter demonstrates inhibitory action, helps control mood and sleep, and inhibits pain pathways?

serotonin

During a routine physical examination to assess a client's deep tendon reflexes, a nurse should make sure to:

support the joint where the tendon is being tested.

The nurse is instructing a community class when a student asks, "How does someone get super strength in an emergency?" The nurse should respond by describing the action of the:

sympathetic nervous system

A client preparing to undergo a lumbar puncture states he doesn't think he will be able to get comfortable with his knees drawn up to his abdomen and his chin touching his chest. He asks if he can lie on his left side. Which statement is the best response by the nurse?

"Although the required position may not be comfortable, it will make the procedure safer and easier to perform."

A client has sustained a head injury to the parietal lobe and cannot identify a familiar object by touch. The nurse knows that this deficit is

astereognosis

Which term refers to the inability to coordinate muscle movements, resulting in difficulty walking?

ataxia

Lesions in the temporal lobe may result in which type of agnosia?

auditory

Which cerebral lobes is the largest and controls abstract thought?

frontal

A patient sustained a head injury during a fall and has changes in personality and affect. What part of the brain does the nurse recognize has been affected in this injury?

frontal lobe

The sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems have a direct effect on the circulatory system. Stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) causes which of the following?

heartbeat to decrease

Which occurs when reflexes are hyperactive when the foot is abruptly dorsiflexed?

clonus

The nurse is assessing the pupils of a patient who has had a head injury. What does the nurse recognize as a parasympathetic effect?

constricted pupils

Which is a sympathetic effect of the nervous system?

dilated pupils

A nurse is assisting during a lumbar puncture. How should the nurse position the client for this procedure?

lateral recumbent with thighs flexxed

Which term describes the fibrous connective tissues that cover the brain and spinal cord?

meninges

A patient has difficulty interpreting his awareness of body position in space. Which lobe is most likely to be damaged?

parietal

Which lobe of the brain is responsible for spatial relationships?

parietal

A nurse is caring for a client who has a history of a cerebral aneurysm. Which diagnostic test does the nurse anticipate to monitor the status of the aneurysm?

cerebral angiography

Low levels of the neurotransmitter serotonin lead to which of the following disease processes?

depression

A client has undergone a lumbar puncture as part of a neurological assessment. The client is put under the care of a nurse after the procedure. Which important postprocedure nursing intervention should be performed to ensure the client's maximum comfort?

encourage to drink lots of fluids

Which anatomic part supplies cerebrospinal fluid to the subarachnoid space and down the spinal cord on the dorsal surface?

fourth ventricle

Upper motor neuron lesions cause

little to no muscle atrophy

Which neurons transmit impulses from the CNS?

motor

There are 12 pairs of cranial nerves. Only three are sensory. Select the cranial nerve that is affected with decreased visual fields.

CN II

The provider orders the Romberg test for a patient. The nurse tells the patient that the provider wants to evaluate his equilibrium by assessing which cranial nerve?

VIII

A critical care nurse is documenting the assessment of a client. The client is status postresection of a brain tumor. The nurse documents that the client is flaccid on the left. This means that the client:

is not responding to stimulus

The nurse is preparing a client for a neurological examination by the physician and explains tests the physician will be doing, including the Romberg test. The client asks the purpose of this particular test. The correct reply by the nurse is which of the following?

its a test for balance

A 53-year-old man presents to the emergency department with a chief complaint of inability to form words, and numbness and weakness of the right arm and leg. Where would you locate the site of injury?

left frontoparietal region

Which cranial nerve is responsible for muscles that move the eye and lids?

occulomotor

The nurse is assessing the client's pupils following a sports injury. Which of the following assessment findings indicates a neurologic concern? Select all that apply.

pinpoint pupils absence of pupillary response unequal pupils

Which of the following neurotransmitters are deficient in myasthenia gravis?

acetylcholine