Muscles of the Forearm and Hand
Flexor carpi radialis
-Origin medial epicondyle of humerus (common flexor tendon) -Insertion Bases of second and third metacarpal bones -Nerve *Median nerve* -*Actions* Flexion and abduction at wrist - wrist flexion (abducts hand with extensor carpi radialis)
pronator teres
-Origin: humeral (medial epicondyle) and ulna (coronoid process) -Insertion Middle of the lateral surface of the body of the radius -*Actions* pronation of forearm, flexes elbow
flexor carpi ulnaris
Humerus (medial epicondyle) and ulna (olecranon process) Insertion: metacarpals V, carpals Action: flexes wrist; adduction of hand with extensor carpi ulnaris
flexor digitorum superficialis
Origin *medial epicondyle of the humerus* (common flexor tendon) as well as parts of the radius and ulna. Insertion: middle phalanges II-V Action: flexes wrist and middle phalanges of the fingers
flexor pollicis longus
Origin The middle 2/4 of the anterior surface of the radius and the medial epicondyle of the humerus Insertion The base of the distal phalanx of the thumb Nerve Anterior interosseous nerve (branch of median nerve) (C8, T1) Actions Flexion of the thumb. Antagonist Extensor pollicis longus muscle, Extensor pollicis brevis muscle
Brachioradialis
Origin: Humerus Insertion: Radius (styloid process) action: flexes forearm
Posterior Superficial Forearm Muscles
brachioradialis, extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor digitorum, extensor carpi ulnaris,
Anterior Deep Forearm Muscles
flexor digitorum profundus, flexor pollicis longus, pronator quadratus
extensor carpi ulnaris
humerus (lateral epicondyle) insertion: metacarpal V Action: extends (adducts with help of flexor carpi ulnaris
extensor digitorum
origin: humerus (lateral epicondyle) insertion: distal phalanges II-V action: finger and wrist extension and finger abduction
Supinator
origin: humerus (lateral epicondyle) and proximal ulna insertion: proximal radius action: supinates forearm
palmaris longus
origin: humerus (medial epicondyle) insertion: palm action: weak wrist flexion
extensor carpi radialis longus
origin: humerus above lateral condyle insertion: metacarpal II action: extends and abducts wrist
flexor digitorum profundus
origin: ulna insertion: distal phalanges II-V action: flexes distal joints of fingers and wrist
pronator quadratus
origin: ulna (anterodistal) insertion: radius (anterior distal) action: pronates forearm and hand
extensor carpi radialis brevis
origin:humerus (lateral epicondyle) insertion:metacarpal III action: extends and abducts wrist
Anterior Superficial Forearm Muscles
pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor carpi ulnaris, flexor digitorum superficialis
posterior deep forearm muscles
supinator
Pronation
turning the palm downward