Music Mid-Term Review
motives are by definition
brief
Greece
country of origin for the diatonic scale
chords
groupings of several pitches sounded simultaneously
when a melody is accompanied with chords, the melody is
harmonized
low pitches result from
long vibrating elements
giving the beat an accent means
making some of the beats more emphatic than others
lists dynamics from louder to softer
mezzo forte; mezzo piano; piano
minor
mode formed with the diatonic scale oriented around A
major
mode formed with the diatonic scale oriented around C
when you sing in the shower, the texture is most likely to be
monophonic
three main textures of Western art music
monophony, homophony, and polyphony
modulation
moving from one key to another in the middle of a composition
tonal
music that centers around a fundamental "home" pitch
mezzo
musical term for "medium"
subito
musical term for "suddenly"
syncopation
placement of accents away from their normal stresses in the meter results in
an individual movement of music is often referred to by its
tempo indication
the genre of a musical work can be determined by its
text, function, and performing forces
musical element perceived in the "vertical dimension"
texture
form
the arrangement, relationship, or organization of elements in music
octave
the distance between two pitches that seem to duplicate each other and blend very well together
interval
the distance or difference between two pitches
harmony
the effect of chords used with a melody
language in which dynamics are generally described
Italian
example of nonmetrical music
a Gregorian chant
consonant
a chord that creates a sense of rest
dissonant
a chord that sounds discordant, unstable, or in need of resolution
scale
a collection of fixed pitches
scales are made up of
a different number os pitches in each culture
crescendo
a gradual increase in dynamic level
sequence
a melodic pattern of pitches that is repeated at different pitch levels
the diatonic scale consists of
a particular arrangement of whole and half steps
NOT an example of "beating time"
a pianist playing an intricate, complicated rhythm
true of themes
a theme can consist of a motive
a healthy human ear can hear from _____ to _____ cycles of sound vibrations per second
20; 20,000
diagram showing the greatest amount of musical contrast
A B C
shows triple meter
ONE two three, ONE two three
shows duple meter
ONE two, ONE two, ONE two, ONE two
shows simple meter
One two three four, ONE two three four
non-imitative polyphony
all musical lines are heard simultaneously, but each has a different melody
the chromatic scale consists of
all white and black keys on the piano
set of tempo markings arranged in order from faster to slower
allegro, moderato, andante
a metronome indicates
an exact number of beats per minute for the desired tempo
melody
an organized series of pitches played or sung in a certain rhythm
meter
any recurring pattern of strong and weak beats
texture
blend of sounds or melodic lines occurring simultaneously in music
repetition of elements, like in melody form
can trigger an emotional click when the tune reoccurs later in a piece
half steps
chromatic scale consists of
measure or bar
each occurrence of a repeated pattern of a principal strong beat and one or more weaker beats
a way to connect the beginning, middle, and end of a musical piece is through the use of
form
pitch
highness or lowness of a sound
how is musical time measured?
in beats
prestissimo
indicates the fastest tempo
dynamic indication that is the softest
pianissimo
counterpoint is closely related to
polyphony
rhythm
refers to the specific arrangements of long and short notes in music
a musical composition takes on its form through
repetition and contrast
in a piece of music that can be diagrammed as A B A, the A indicates _____, and the B indicates _____
repetition; contrast
aspect of duration in music that can be thought of as the foreground while other aspects are in the background
rhythm
the broad term for the time aspect of music is
rhythm
the main skill involved in hearing form in music
rhythm
though there are some exceptions, music in minor mode can sometimes be described as _____, whereas that in major mode can sometimes be described as _____.
sad; happy
tunes tend to be
simple and easily singable
music can be defined as the art of
sound in time
tempo
speed at which beats follow one another
tonic
the fundamental "home" pitch in a section of music
determines the pitch of a sound
the length of the vibrating element
amplitude
the level of strength of sound vibrations
in songs, musical phrases generally coincide with
the lines of poetry
a change in key indicates a change in
the location of the tonic
homophony
the melody is heard in one line and the other parts have clearly less important material that forms an accompaniment
cadences
the moments at the ends of phrases where a melody pauses or stops altogether
climax
the musical term for a high point in a tune
dynamics
the musical term for the level of sound
twenty-four
the number of major AND minor scales that can be built on the notes of the chromatic scale
tonality
the principle or organizing music around a center, or "home," pitch
frequency
the scientific term for the speed or rate of the vibrations of sound
diatonic scale
the set of seven pitches used in Western music
motive
the shortest identifiable melodic idea
letter diagrams are LEAST useful for showing
the specific music the letters stand for
monophony
the texture of a single melody played without accompaniment
polyphony
the texture that combines two or more individual melody lines simultaneously
the individual style of a particular composer is described in terms of
the way the composer handles musical elements
scale degree a listener should use to determine the mode of a selection
third
imitative polyphony
various musical lines are heard one after another with the same melody or similar melodies
the definition of rhythm as a general term is the
way music unfolds in time