Napoleon REAL

guerrilla warfare

A type of war where an irregular armed force that fights a force by sabotage and harassment

Scorched Earth Policy

Burning live stock and crops to prevent the enemy from living off the land. Russians did this in response to Napoleon's advancing Grand Armee

Balance of Power

Condition of roughly equal strength between opposing countries or alliances of countries. At the Congress of Vienna the nations of Europe tried to establish this to keep peace in Europe

Neutral

Not choosing either side in a war or argument.

General Hudson Lowe

The English military officer in command of Napoleon's imprisonment on St. Helena

Hundred Days

The brief period during 1815 when Napoleon made his last bid for power, deposing the French King and again becoming Emperor of France. Started after he escaped exile from Elba.

Russia

The major European nation to withdraw from Napoleon's Continental System.

Corsica

The small, Mediterranean Island where Napoleon was born on August 15, 1769.

Emperor

The supreme ruler of an empire.

"Scorched Earth" Strategy

When Russians gathered valuable items (food, farm animals, clothing, medicine) burned their houses, and left their village as it burned to the ground. The Russians retreated deeper into Russia and further away from French troops. As French troops moved deeper into Russia, they entered the "scorched earth" villages. Because there was no food or shelter in the "scorched" Russian villages, French soldiers began to starve and/or freeze to death.

Coup d'etat

a sudden seizure of political power in a nation, often by force with the backing of the military

Congress of Vienna

Meeting of representatives of European monarchs called to reestablish the old order after the defeat of Napoleon. Tried to rebuild the map of Europe and roll back the successes of the French Revolution.

Napoleonic Code

A comprehensive and uniform system of laws established for France by Napoleon. Established equality for all MEN before the law.

Guillotine

A device used during the Reign of Terror to execute thousands by beheading.

Tactic

A plan that helps someone win a game or a battle.

Consul

As _____________, Napoleon had more power than any other French official.

The Rosetta Stone

Egyptian artifact that allowed scholars to decode Ancient Egyptian hieroglyphics.

Exile to Elba

Following the Battle of Nations, Napoleon was exiled after being forced to abdicate his throne. He eventually escaped this island.

Louisiana Purchase

Napoleon sold France's North American territory to then-president Thomas Jefferson on April 30, 1803.

The Battle of Waterloo

Napoleon's final defeat on June 18, 1815. The French suffered more than 33,000 causalities at the Battle of Waterloo

Artillery/Cannons

Napoleon's military expertise. Napoleon excelled in the mathematical fields of geometry and trigonometry and therefore, could aim/fire cannons very well.

Dr. Francois Antommarchi

Napoleon's personal doctor on St. Helena.

The Continental System

Napoleon's plan to weaken England. Napoleon forced all nations in continental Europe NOT to trade with England in order to to weaken England's economy.

Continental System

Napoleon's policy of preventing trade between Great Britain and continental Europe, intended to destroy Great Britain's economy.

Napoleon Bonaparte

Overthrew French Directory in 1799 and became emperor of the French in 1804.

St. Helena

Small island in the Southern Atlantic Ocean where Napoleon was exiled after the Battle of Waterloo until his death on May 5, 1821.

Napoleon's Invasion of Russia

The worst defeat of Napoleon's military career. Napoleon decided to invade Russia to punish them for withdrawing from his Continental System

Battle of Waterloo

This was the battle that Napoleon lost after his return from Elba that ended his reign as French ruler

Reign of Terror

This was the period in France where Robespierre ruled and used revolutionary terror to solidify the home front. He tried rebels and they were all judged severely and most were executed.

Exile

To send someone away from his or her own country and to order this person not to come back.

Treaty of Paris (1815)

Treaty that forced Napoleon to surrender his control of the French Army and exiled him to the island of St. Helena

Blockade

an act or means of sealing off a place to prevent goods or people from entering or leaving. Napoleon established this over all of continental Europe to stop British shipping.