NDSF Final USU

The Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend limiting our intake of _________ and replacing them with ________.

(Trans Fat and Saturated Fat), (Monounsaturated, Polyunsaturated, & Omega-3 Fats)

Assume that someone with a starting weight of 220 pounds is trying to LOSE weight at a healthy rate (10% of their initial weight in a 6-month period). Most people rarely lose a consistent amount of weight each week over an extended period of time -- even when they're engaging in healthy behaviors. However, for the sake of this question, assume that after 3 months, this person (who started at 220 pounds) is "right on track" to lose 10% of their initial weight in a 6-month period. In theory, what would you expect their weight to be 3 months in?

209 pounds

Per serving, which of the following foods is the most energy-dense?

4-ounce chocolate doughnut

If you consumed a total of 2200 kcals (Calories) per day and 25% came from fat, how many GRAMS of fat are you consuming?

61 grams

____________ is a chemical pathway involved in the catabolism of an activated fatty acid and occurs in the mitochondria.

Beta-oxidation

You have decided to choose foods that are nutrient dense. One day, you go to the store for some orange juice. Which of the following is most nutrient dense? Brand A (84 mg of Vitamin C, 100 kcals) Brand B (97 mg of Vitamin C, 125 kcals) Brand C (80 mg of Vitamin C, 104 kcals) Brand D (90 mg of Vitamin C, 115 kcals)

Brand A

Scientists study 200 adults who have type 2 diabetes, and 200 adults who have similar characteristics but do not have the disease. For 18 months, the researchers collect lifestyle information on all the study participants. According to the study's findings, the adults with type 2 diabetes were 25% less physically active than their counterparts who did not have type 2 diabetes. This is an example of a(n) ________ study.

Case-Control

_____ is a series of specific chemical reactions in the cell.

Chemical Pathways

In order for proteins to be used for energy, amino acids must be _____________ .

Deaminated

Body Mass Index (BMI) is a reliable measure of body "fatness" and overall health and well-being.

False

Secretin (a hormone) is stimulated by the presence of acidic chyme in the small intestine and triggers the liver to secrete cholecystokinin (CCK) until chyme is neutralized.

False

The term "appetite" describes a biological need for food.

False

This sphincter is situated between the small intestine and colon.

Ileocecal Valve

Which of the following statements about diabetes is MOST CORRECT?

In Type 1 diabetes, the pancreas does not produce enough insulin

A deficiency of this water-soluble vitamin is characterized by "the 4 D's" (dermatitis, dimentia, diarrhea, and death) are characteristics of a deficiency of this water-soluble vitamin.

Niacin

Which of the following statements is true?

Older adults generally have fewer taste buds than children.

Which of the following is NOT an appropriate way to defrost raw meat?

On the counter

An online magazine article about weight-loss diets includes false information about the process of digestion that uses scientific-sounding terms to make it seem factual. The faulty information is an example of...

Pseudoscience

A group of nutrition researchers interviews 100 adults who have chronic high blood pressure to determine whether there is an association between consuming diets low in calcium during adolescence and developing high blood pressure in adulthood. This study is an example of a ________ study.

Retrospective

A person who has a BMI of 17.0 has a greater risk of infections than a person who has a BMI of 21.0.

True

Cross contamination occurs when cooked foods come in contact with surfaces touched by raw meat.

True

Our body is capable of withstanding short-term fasting, maintains normal activities, and providing the necessary energy needed, thanks to the glycogen stored in the liver and muscles.

True

Which of the following populations is at the greatest risk for a vitamin B-12 deficiency?

Vegans

This water-soluble vitamin is only found in animal products and is sensitive to microwave heating.

Vitamin B12

Babies are given an oral dose or injection of this fat-soluble vitamin shortly after birth.

Vitamin K

This fat-soluble vitamin can be synthesized (made) in the GI tract

Vitamin K

Dennis wants to gain weight, primarily as lean tissue. In addition to performing resistance exercise regularly, he should

add nutrient-dense, healthy sources of energy to his diet, including fatty fish, whole-grain cereals, nuts, peanut butter, and olive oil

Parathyroid hormone

enhances the body's ability to retain calcium

Parathyroid hormone ________.

enhances the body's ability to retain calcium

Rebecca has hypertension. To help lower her blood pressure, she should ________.

follow the DASH diet

Calcitonin

is secreted when blood levels of calcium are too high

The bleeding gums, easy bruising, and poor wound healing that characterize scurvy are all related to vitamin C's role in _______.

synthesis of collagen