Net Ops (2.3) Data encapsulation

During network transmission, data is transferred to various routers, which forward the data to the appropriate network. If the source and destination network addresses reside on the same network, which protocol is used to determine the destination IP's MAC address?

Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is used to determine the host's MAC address using the destination IP address. ARP lets hosts resolve known IP addresses into MAC addresses by broadcasting requests to the network.

What is the purpose of a frame check sequence (FCS) footer?

Checksum error detection

TCP is a connection-oriented protocol that uses a three-way handshake to establish a connection to a system port. Computer 1 sends a SYN packet to Computer 2. Which packet does Computer 2 send back?

If Computer 1 sends a SYN packet to Computer 2, Computer 2 receives the packet and sends a SYN/ACK packet to Computer 1. Computer 1 receives the SYN/ACK packet and replies back with an ACK packet, and the connection is complete.

Match each TCP/IP layers with its function.

The Application layer prepares data to be sent through the network. The Transport layer breaks data into pieces called segments, adding sequencing and control information. The Internet layer converts segments into packets, adding logical network and device addresses. The Link layer converts packets into frames, adding physical device addressing information and a frame check sequence footer for error detection. It also converts the frames into bits (0s and 1s) for transmission across the transmission media.

When does a router use ARP?

When the router's routing table doesn't contain the MAC addresses of devices on the local LAN that they need to forward frames to.