neuropsychology quiz questions
There are __ cervical nerves, __ thoracic nerves, __ lumbar nerves and __ sacral nerves A. 8, 12, 5, 5 B. 8, 5, 12, 5 C. 5, 5, 8, 12 D. 8, 15, 5, 2
A 8 cervical 12 thoracic 5 lumbar 5 sacral
A DTI makes use of the following imaging process A. MRI B. X-ray C. CT D. PET
A a DTI makes use of an MRI
What is the prevalence of akinetopsia? A. Very rare (only a few cases known) B. Fairly common C. Only one known case D. It is theorized that this disorder is possible, but there are no known cases.
A akietopsia is very rare (only a few known cases)
The EEG is mostly a measure of A. cortical neuronal firing B. muscular feedback C. skin responses to pressure D. subcortical neuronal firing
A an EEG is mostly a measure of cortical neuronal firing
Which neuroimaging technique involves the attachment of small metal disks to the scalp in order to amplify and record the small changes in electrical potentials? A. electroencephalogram B. Single photon emission tomography C. electromyogram D. Positron emission tomography
A an electroencephalogram involves the attachment of small metal disks to the scalp in order to amplify and record the small changes in electrical potentials
Angiography is effective for: A. visualization of blood vessels B. discriminating hypodensity and hyperdensity of tissue C. identifying atrophy of the ventricular system D. enhancing visualization of gyri
A angiography is effective for visualization of blood vessels
Astereognosis is an A. inability to recognize the shape of objects by touch B. inability to recognize faces C. inability to recognize locations D. inability to figure out the location of louder sound if sounds are presented in stereo (dichotically)
A astereognosis is an inability to recognize the shape of objects by touch
Damage to V4 is most likely to result in: A. cerebral achromatopsia B. complete blindness C. homonymous hemianopsia D. akinetopsia
A damage to V4 is most likely to result in cerebral achromatopsia
Finger agnosia is a form of A. autopagnosia B. prosopagnosia C. anosognosia D. astereognosia
A finger agnosia is a form of autopagnosia
For movement, the general direction of information flow in the cortex is from the ______ cortex to the _____ cortex where the appropriate behavior is chosen to the ______ cortex. A. sensory; prefrontal; motor B. motor; prefrontal; visual C. temporal; somatosensory; motor D. visual; premotor; temporal
A for movement, the general direction of information flow in the cortex is from the sensory cortex to the prefrontal cortex where the appropriate behavior chosen to the motor cortex
People afflicted with amusia A. primarily cannot perceive pitch differences B. cannot hear music C. primarily cannot perceive rhythms D. primarily cannot detect timbre differences
A people afflicted with amusia primarily cannot perceive pitch differences
The awake and alert state is associated with ____ waves in EEGs. A. beta B. alpha C. theta D. delta
A the awake and alert state is associated with beta waves in EEGs
The main difference between electroencephalography (EEG) and event-related potentials (ERPs) is A. The same equipment is used, but EEG recordings are taken while the person is at rest and ERPs are measured when the person is presented with a stimulus B. The same equipment is used, but EEG measures small changes in electrical activity and ERPs measure large changes in electrical activity C. There are no differences, essentially both techniques are used just to be sure that accurate results are obtained D. They do not use the same equipment, but they measure the same thing
A the main difference between an EEG and ERP is the same equipment is used, but EEG recordings are taken while the person is at rest and ERP is measured when the person is presented with a stimulus
The neurons in the inferior temporal cortex... A. respond selectively to objects. B. integrate motor commands with spatial information. C. are specialized for processing spatial information and respond differentially to the direction and speed of movement. D. are the primary source of input to V1, V2 and V3.
A the neurons in the inferior temporal cortex respond selectively to objects
I. The parasympathetic nervous system originates in the cranial and sacral regions II. The parasympathetic nervous system is the activating part of the autonomic nervous system A. Only I is true B. Only II is true C. Both I and II are true D. Neither I nor II are true
A the parasympathetic nervous system originates the cranial and sacral regions
Which part of the thalamus do the tracts carrying somatosensory information go to? A. ventral posterior nuclei (VPL and VPM) B. lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) C. medial geniculate nucleus (MGN) D. pulvinar
A the tracts carrying the somatosensory information go to the VPL and VPM (ventral posterior nuclei)
The ventral stream is also known as the "______" pathway. A. what B. when C. who D. where
A the ventral stream is also known as the "what" pathway
The following may result from a transient ischemic attack EXCEPT: A. total paralysis B. dizziness C. double vision D. confusion
A total paralysis is not a result from a transient ischemic attack
The two hemispheres of the brain are separated by the: A. longitudinal fissure B. hippocampal commissure C. lateral fissure D. corpus callosum
A or D the two hemispheres of the brain are separated by the longitudinal fissure/corpus callosum
The following structure is not located in the frontal lobe A. orbitofrontal cortex B. Heschl's gyrus C. dorsolateral prefrontal cortex D. supplemental motor area
B Heschl's gyrus is not located in the frontal lobe cortex. it is located in the temporal cortex
Which nucleus in the thalamus projects to the motor cortex? A. medial geniculate nucleus B. ventrolateral nucleus C. pulvinar D. dorsomedial nucleus
B Ventrolateral nucleus in the thalamus projects to the motor cortex
A young woman recovering from a blow to the head finds she has great difficulty maintaining her balance and coordinating her movements. Injury to what part of her brain is likely to be causing her difficulties? A. medulla B. cerebellum C. cerebral cortex D. thalamus
B cerebellum
I. Bilateral damage to the primary auditory cortex has been shown to always result in cortical deafness. II. Hearing loss resulting from damage to the higher auditory processing centers is categorized as a sensorineural hearing disorder A. Only I is true B. Only II is true C. Both I and II are true D. Neither I nor II is true
B hearing loss resulting from damage to the higher auditory processing centers is categorized as a sensorineural hearing disorder
On a CT scan areas that are highly dense such as the skull will appear _________ and areas that are of lower density such as cerebrospinal fluid and brain matter will appear ____________. A. dark; bright B. bright; dark C. clear; fuzzy D. fuzzy; clear
B on CT scan, highly dense areas will appear bright and lower dense areas such as CSF will appear dark
What is the name for the first part of the cortex that receives information relayed from the visual sense through the thalamus? A. association cortex B. primary visual cortex C. secondary visual cortex D. ventral visual stream
B primary visual cortex receives information relayed from the visual sense through the thalamus
Which of the following is NOT true about the anatomy of the parietal lobe? A. The posterior part of the parietal lobe contains the supramarginal gyrus B. The anterior zone of the parietal lobe contains the angular gyrus C. The superior lobule of the posterior parietal lobe lies posterior to the postcentral gyrus D. The anterior zone of the parietal lobe contains the postcentral gyrus
B the anterior zone of the parietal lobe DOES NOT contain the angular gyrus
The basal ganglia are involved in regulating the ______ of movement, the cerebellum is involved in regulating the ______ of movement. A. force; strength B. force; accuracy C. accuracy; force D. deliberation; accuracy
B the basal ganglia are involved in regulating the force of movement, the cerebellum is involved in regulating the accuracy of movement
The dorsal column medial lemniscal pathway decussates in the ______. A. thalamus B. medulla C. this pathway does not decussate D. spinal cord
B the dorsal column medial lemniscal pathway decussates in the medulla
The part of the hindbrain that is involved in vegetative functions such as breathing is known as the _________. A. thalamus B. medulla oblongata C. tectum D. cerebellum
B the medulla oblongata is involved in vegetative functions such as breathing
Sides of the retina are referred to either as nasal or temporal. Nasal is _______ where temporal is ________. A. closest to the temples; closest to the nose B. closest to the nose; closest to the temples C. closest to the forehead; closest to the chin D. closest to the left; closest to the right
B the nasal retina is closest to the nose and temporal is closest to the temples
The primary motor cortex is located in the A. superior temporal sulcus B. precentral gyrus C. postcentral gyrus D. prestriate area
B the primary motor cortex is located in the precentral gyrus
Which of the following is true about the representation of the body on the primary somatosensory cortex? A. there are at most two representations B. there are probably at least four representations C. the representation on the somatosensory cortex is strictly top of the head to tip of the toes D. there is only one representation
B there are probably at least four representations of the body on the primary somatosensory cortex
I. Gray matter in the spinal cord is located on the periphery, like in the brain II. White matter in the spinal cord contains both ascending and descending tracts A. Only I is correct B. Only II is correct C. Both I and II are correct D. Neither I nor II is correct
B white matter in the spinal cord contains both ascending and descending tracts
An subdural bleed in the brain takes place: A. Between the arachnoid membrane and the pia mater B. Between the dura mater and the skull C. Between the dura mater and the arachnoid membrane D. Between the two dural layers
C A subdural bleed in the brain takes place between the dura mater and the arachnoid membrane
Which type of cell appears to be primarily attacked by the immune system in multiple sclerosis? A. Neurons B. Microglia C. Oligodendrocytes D. Astrocytes
C Oligondenrocytes appear to be primarily attacked by the immune system in MS
The following is NOT usually associated with Balint's syndrome A. simultagnosia B. bilateral lesions of the posterior parietal lobe C. apperceptive visual agnosia D. optic ataxia
C apperceptive visual agnosia is not usually associated with Balints syndrome
Auditory information passes through the following part of the thalamus A. lateral geniculate nucleus B. pulvinar C. medial geniculate nucleus D. ventrolateral nucleus
C auditory information passes through the medial geniculate part of the thalamus
Corticobulbar tracts originate in the ____ to eventually effect ____ movement A. brain stem, upper body (neck and shoulder) B. primary motor cortex, bodily (trunk) C. primary motor cortex, facial D. prefrontal cortex, facial
C corticobulbar tracts originate in the primary motor cortex to eventually effect facial movement
Patients with damage of the left temporal lobe have problems I. Telling speech sounds apart II. Judging in what order speech sounds occur A. Only I is correct B. Only II is correct C. Both I and II are correct D. Neither I nor II is correct
C patients with damage of the left temporal lobe have problems telling speech sounds apart and judging in what order speech sounds occur
The sleep rhythm is approximately how long? A. 60 minutes B. 30 minutes C. 90 minutes D. 24 hour cycle
C sleep rhythm is approximately 90 minutes
What stage of sleep is usually described as restorative? A. stage 1 B. stage 2 C. stage 3-4 D. REM sleep
C stages 3-4 are usually the restorative stages
The arteries that connect the posterior cerebral arteries with the middle cerebral arteries are called the ___ A. anterior communicating arteries B. middle communicating arteries C. posterior communicating arteries D. internal carotid arteries
C the arteries that connect the posterior cerebral arteries with the middle cerebral arteries are called the posterior communicating arteries
The first sign of narcolepsy is usually A. sleep apnea B. sleep paralysis. C. excessive daytime sleepiness. D. cataplexy.
C the first sign of narcolepsy is usually excessive daytime sleepiness
The most abundant cell type in the human central nervous system of the following is A. oligodendrocytes B. microglia C. glial cells D. astrocytes
C the most abundant cell type in the CNS is glial cells
The polymodal pathway runs from the ________ and the _________ towards the _________. A. middle temporal gyrus, superior temporal gyrus; superior temporal sulcus B. superior temporal gyrus; superior temporal sulcus; middle temporal gyrus C. superior temporal gyrus; inferior temporal gyrus; superior temporal sulcus D. inferior temporal gyrus; middle temporal gyrus; superior temporal gyrus
C the polymodal pathway runs from the superior temporal gyrus and the inferior temporal gyrus towards the superior temporal sulcus
The _____ cortex produces specific movements, whereas the ______ cortex organizes motor sequences. A. secondary motor; primary motor B. premotor; dorsolateral prefrontal cortex C. primary motor; premotor D. supplemental motor; premotor
C the primary motor cortex produces specific movements, whereas the premotor cortex organizes motor sequences
Which of the following statements is true? A. The retinal ganglion cells in the nasal hemiretina project ipsilaterally to the lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus and the retinal ganglion cells in the temporal hemiretina project contralaterally to the lateral geniculate nucleus. B. The retinal ganglion cells in the nasal hemiretina project contralaterally to the lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus and the retinal ganglion cells in the temporal hemiretina project contralaterally to the lateral geniculate nucleus. C. The retinal ganglion cells in the nasal hemiretina project contralaterally to the lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus and the retinal ganglion cells in the temporal hemiretina project ipsilaterally to the lateral geniculate nucleus. D. The retinal ganglion cells in the nasal hemiretina project ipsilaterally to the lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus and the retinal ganglion cells in the temporal hemiretina project ipsilaterally to the lateral geniculate nucleus.
C the retinal ganglion cells in the nasal hemiretina project contralaterally to the lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus and the retinal ganglion cells in the temporal hemiretinal project ispilaterally to the lateral geniculate nucleus
The spinothalamic tract contains fibers carrying ___________ information. A. touch B. pain C. proprioceptive D. posture
C the spinothalamic tract contains fibers carrying proprioceptive information
I. The ventral root of a spinal nerve contains efferent fibers II. The dorsal root of a spinal nerve conveys sensory information A. Only I is true B. Only II is true C. Both I and II are true D. Neither I nor II is true
C the ventral root of a spinal nerve contains efferent fibers and the dorsal root of a spinal nerve conveys sensory information
What are the signs of inflammation? A. Swelling; grey tinge on skin; cold; clammy B. Warmth; redness; clammy & sweating C. Warmth; redness; swelling; pain; loss of function D. Pain; swelling; pale, cold skin; loss of function
C warmth, redness, swelling, pain, loss of function are all signs of inflammation
_________ can result in a conductive hearing disorder; _________ can result in a sensorineural hearing disorder A. measles; ruptured eardrum B. wax buildup in outer ear canal; ruptured eardrum C. wax buildup in outer ear canal; exposure to loud noise D. exposure to loud noise; measles
C wax buildup in outer ear canal can result in a conductive hearing disorder; exposure to loud noise can result in a sensorineural hearing disorder
I. Someone with a serious spinal cord injury at the T5 level is likely quadriplegic II. Someone with a serious spinal cord injury at the C2 level is likely (only) paraplegic A. Only I is correct B. Only II is correct C. Both I and II are correct D. Neither I nor II is correct
D
The dorsal auditory pathway A. Runs towards to the posterior parietal cortex B. subserves the function of sound localization C. serves to orient action based on sound D. all of the above
D
The following is/are true of auditory hallucinations A. Auditory hallucinations are a common symptom in schizophrenia B. When experiencing auditory hallucinations one perceives sounds that are not actually present C. When experiencing auditory hallucinations the patient can sometimes hear whole sentences D. All of the above
D
What is the stain that stains the entire neuron, revealing parts other than the cell body? A. Myelin stain B. Nissl stain C. Cyto stain D. Golgi stain
D Golgi stains stain the entire neuron, revealing parts other than the body
A major difference between a grand mal and a petit mal seizure is the presence or absence of: A. migraines and disorientation B. extreme emotional responsiveness C. an altered state of consciousness D. motoric abnormalities
D a major difference between a grand mal and a petit mal seizure is the presence or absence of motoric abnormalities
An aneurysm occurs because of: A. abnormal plaque B. deposits of fatty tissue C. increased intracranial pressure D. weakening vessel walls
D an aneurysm occurs because of weakening vessel walls
____ can be experienced in epilepsy and migraines; _____ can occur in narcolepsy and epilepsy. A. atonic states; auras B. convulsions; atonic states C. auras; convulsions D. auras; atonic states
D auras can be experience in epilepsy and migraines; atonic states can occur in narcolepsy and epilepsy
Cranial nerves II, III, IV and VI are A. all mixed (sensory and motor) nerves B. all sensory (only) nerves C. the optic, oculomotor, trigeminal, and abducens nerves D. the optic, oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens nerves
D cranial nerves II, III, IV and VI are the optic, oculomotor, trochlear, and aducens nerves
Which of the following result if the neural pores do not close properly during development? A. down's syndrome; spina bifida B. lissencephaly; spina bifida C. lissencephaly; anencephaly D. spina bifida; anencephaly
D spina bifida and anencephaly form if the neural pores do not close properly during development
The eighth cranial nerve is called A. The vestibulocochlear nerve B. The statoacoustic nerve C. The auditory-vestibular nerve D. All of the above
D the eighth cranial nerve is called the vestibulocochlear, statoacoustic, and auditory-vestibular nerve
Your belly button is located ____ relative to your nose and ____ relative to your spine. A. inferior; laterally B. rostrally; dorsally C. medially; distally D. inferior; ventrally
D your belly button is located inferior relative to your nose and ventrally relative to your spine
TF: Hippocrates firmly believed in the cardiac hypothesis
false: Hippocrates didn't believe in the cardiac hypothesis Hippocrates believed in the Humor theory; the balance of fluids. out of balance can cause certain behaviors blood = courage phlegm = calm, unemotional black bile = melancholic yello bile = easily angered
TF: Multiple Scerosis occurs in 1 in 100 people in the United States
false: MS does not occur in 1 in 100 people in the US MS occurs 1 in 2000 people in the US
TF: Cerebrospinal fluid is produced by the dura mater
false: cerebrospinal fluid is NOT produced by the dura mater. CSF is produced in the choroid plexus in the lateral, third and fourth ventricles
TF: Galen's anatomical writings were very influential among anatomists in the Middle Ages
true: Galen's anatomical writings were very influential among anatomists in the Middle Ages
TF: neuropsychology can be defined as the study of brain/behavior relationships
true: Neuropsychology can be defined as the study of brain/behavior relationships
TF: According to Galen and Hippocrates, the four humors were blood, black bile, yellow bile and mucus (phlegm)
true: according to Galen and Hippocrates, the four humors were blood, black bile, yellow bile, and mucus
TF: trephination may have been performed in ancient times as a magical form of healing
true: trephination may have been performed in ancient times as a magical form of healing
TF: White matter is so called because of the high lipid content of axonal myelin
true: white matter is so called because of the high lipid content of axonal myelin
