New PSM 1 Questions

To create focus which of the following are most important to have ready when Sprint Planning begins?

- A Product Goal communicated by the Product Owner. - A Product Backlog with the most important items ready for discussion.

What are two ways a Scrum Master serves to enable effective Scrum Teams?

- By facilitating Developer decision-making. - By removing impediments that hinder the Scrum Team.

Which of the following are benefits of Continuous Integration? (choose the best two answers)

- Causes team members to consider each other's work and context. - It leads to higher transparency and rapid feedback to the team.

Which of the following are NOT metrics of code quality?

- Code Coverage - Cycle time per feature

Which are attributes of a good bug report?

- Expected results and observed results - Build/version where bug was found - Simple and repeatable reproduction steps - Screenshots or other pictures of bugs in action when user interfaces are involved - One bug per report - Clear title and proper grammar in report.

A Nexus Daily Scrum:

- Is an opportunity to make integration issues transparent. - Provides input into each team's individual Daily Scrums, so that each Scrum Team can better plan their work until their next Daily Scrum.

Which are potential benefits of Test-Driven Development?

- It causes you to construct a test harness that can be automated. - It promotes good design and separation of concerns.

Reducing batch sizes might have the following impact:

- Lower efficiency due to overhead/transaction costs in case the batch size is too small - Improving efficiency due to faster feedback loops. - Higher motivation due to seeing your work get done and deliver value earlier. - Highlight a need to improve processes/infrastructure to reduce the pain of frequent costly overhead.

Which of the following are advantages of Continuous Integration? (choose the best two answers)

- Reduce effort and risk when integrating changes. - Know immediately how a change affected the product.

Which of the following are examples of a Scrum Team practicing Scrum poorly or not exhibiting traits of a self-managing Scrum Team?

- Stakeholders attend the Daily Scrum to check on the Scrum Team's progress. - The Developers invite external stakeholders to the Sprint Planning to ask them how to turn a Product Backlog item into an Increment via a complete and detailed Sprint Backlog. - The Developers are working within the boundaries of their organizations functional description and nicely handing off work from analyst to developer to tester to integration

What are ways Developers can ensure a good application architecture?

- The Developers plan some time each Sprint to discuss the architecture needed for the features planned in that Sprint. - The Scrum Team should have a set of guiding architecture principles that every Developer understands and follows when writing code.

Adaptation requires regular inspection. In what ways does the Product Owner contribute to the results achieved by inspection?

- The Product Owner invites stakeholders to the Sprint Review to learn how the current state of the marketplace influences what is the most valuable thing to do next. - The Product Owner shares the current state of Product Backlog at the Sprint Review, which, combined with the inspection of the Increment, leads to an updated Product Backlog.

Select the desirable characteristics of a unit test.

- The test executes first - Code in each test is as small as possible while maintaining readability - Each test is independent of other unit tests. - Each test makes assertions about only one logical concept.

To what extent does technical debt limit the value a Product Owner can get from a product?

- The velocity at which new functionality can be created is reduced when you have a technical debt. - Technical debt causes a greater percentage of the product's budget to be spent on maintenance of the product.

What phrases best describe the relationship of the Product Owner and the Developers?

- They collaborate often so the Developers build Increments keeping end-user and stakeholder concerns in mind. - They collaborate often so the Product Owner can make informed decisions in balancing effort and value of. Product Backlog items.

What are reasons to automate the software build process?

- To get feedback on changes to the code early and often. - Automation improves the quality of software by making builds less error prone.

The purpose of the Nexus Sprint Backlog is:

- To provide a view of dependent Product Backlog items in a Sprint. - To make dependencies transparent to the Scrum Teams.

Which of the following are attributes of a bad bug report?

- Vague statements or untested assumptions. - Assigning blame - Generic titles

What is the typical size for a Scrum Team?

10 or fewer

The timebox for a Daily Scrum is?

15 minutes

The timebox for the Sprint Planning event is?

8 hours for a monthly Sprint. For shorter Sprints it is usually shorter.

Which statement best describes Scrum?

A framework for creating complex products in complex environments.

Which of the following describe an architecture spike?

A small development activity to learn about technical elements of a proposed solution.

What does a test written with Test-Driven Development represent?

A technical requirement that must be satisfied.

What is Technical Debt?

A term representing the eventual consequences of poor technical choices

Who should be present during Product Backlog refinement?

Anyone that the Scrum Team decides will be valuable during refinement.

What variables should a Product Owner consider when ordering the Product Backlog?

Anything that informs them to achieve the product's goals and to optimize the value delivered.

What does Code Coverage show?

Code being exercised by tests.

Which statement describes test-first development?

Designing tests before satisfying them

How should multiple Scrum Teams deliver a done, useful, and valuable Increment in a Sprint?

Each Sprint, all Scrum Teams have done Increment that integrates with all of the other done Increments from all other Scrum Teams on the initiative. The sum of all Increments is the Increment for that product.

How much work must the Developers complete for each Product Backlog item they select for a Sprint?

Enough so that each Product Backlog item they select meets the Definition of Done.

Batch size is the same as the Sprint length when using Scrum with Kanban.

False

Cycle Time is a direct leading indicator for the length of the Scrum Team's feedback loop for a Product Backlog item.

False

It is mandatory that the product Increment be released to production at the end of each Sprint.

False

Kanban can be used to help improve the flow of the Sprint. It can also be used to help improve the flow of work in/out of the Sprint. Regardless, the Kanvan Definition of Workflow is owned by the Developers.

False

Reducing WIP limits will always result in decreased productivity

False

The WIP Limit can only be changed during the Sprint Retrospective

False

The main role of WIP aging is to help identify flow bottlenecks; where work may be impeded or constrained

False

The team needs to work on a high priority urgent unplanned item, but they are at their WIP limit.

False

True or False: A Nexus Integration Team is responsible for actually doing the integration work during the Sprint.

False

True or False: All Scrum Team members must attend the Nexus Daily Scrum.

False

True or False: Only technical writers can create documentation during a Sprint.

False

True or False: Programmers and testers should not be included in refining Product Backlog items.

False

True or False: Scrum has a role called "project manager."

False

True or False: The Scrum Team must choose at least one high priority process improvement item, identified during the Sprint Retrospective, and place it in the Sprint Backlog.

False

True or False: The Scrum Team must choose at least one high-priority process improvement item, identified during the Sprint Retrospective, and place it in the Sprint Backlog.

False

True or False: The Sprint Review is the only time at which stakeholder feedback is taken into account

False

True or False: Using Scrum ensures that adding more resources to a project proportionally increases the value delivered.

False

Little's Law is extremely valuable for directly predicting the future since it gives us a measure of what happened in the past?

False - relying only on your Cycle Time measurements may incorrectly influence you to cut your WIP limits.

Which changing software, you find a bug in a previously delivered piece of functionality. What should you do?

Fix the bug if it is critical or easily fixed. Otherwise, put the new bug into the Product Backlog to be prioritized and fixed in an upcoming Sprint.

When are individuals with testing and quality expertise included in the software development effort?

From the beginning and throughout all Sprints.

Complex products are often decomposed into components. These components may be represented as activities, workflows, functions, features, capabilities, and other similar nomenclature. How does this product decomposition affect the way that multiple Scrum Teams work together to deliver the products?

How the organization discusses and plans the work of creating the components will be reflected in the implementation of that product.

Who creates the Definition of Done?

If it is not an organizational standard, the Scrum Team must create a Definition of Done appropriate for the product.

When does the next Sprint begin?

Immediately after the conclusion of the previous Sprint.

The Definition of Done describes the work that must be completed for every Product Backlog item. What should the Developers do during the Sprint, if they find a problem outside of their control that is blocking them from delivering work?

Immediately raise the issue to the Scrum Master as an impediment.

The three pillars of empiricism are:

Inspection, Transparency, Adaptation

Which statement best describes the Sprint Review?

It is when the Scrum Team and stakeholders inspect the outcome of a Sprint and figure out what to do next

Which statement best describes a Product Owner's responsibility?

Maximizing the value of the work the Scrum Team does.

What is the most important concern for multiple Scrum Teams when they are working from the same Product Backlog?

Minimizing dependencies between Scrum Teams.

When does a Developer become the sole owner of an item on the Sprint Backlog?

Never. All Sprint Backlog items are "owned" by the Developers on the Scrum Team.

When does a Developer become accountable for the value of a Product Backlog item selected for the Sprint?

Never. The entire Scrum Team is accountable for creating value every Sprint.

The purpose of the Nexus Integration Team is to:

Raise transparency Be accountable that an Integrated Increment is produced

The Developers find out during the Sprint that they are not likely to build everything they forecast. What would you expect a Product Owner to do?

Re-negotiate the selected Product Backlog items with the Developers.

What is the function or purpose of Management in Scrum?

Support the Product Owner with insights and information into high value product and system capabilities. Support the Scrum Master to encourage organizational change that fosters empiricism, self-management, bottom-up intelligence, and intelligent product delivery.

Which of the following services is appropriate for a Scrum Master in regard to the Daily Scrum?

Teach the Developers to keep the Daily Scrum within the 15 minute timebox.

Who is required to attend the Daily Scrum?

The Developers

Who is responsible for managing the progress of work during a Sprint?

The Developers

Who is responsible for the system architecture of a product being developed using Scrum?

The Developers

Who writes tests in a Scrum Team?

The Developers

Who is accountable for the Definition of Workflow for the Sprint Backlog?

The Developers.

What is a Product Backlog?

The Product Backlog is an emergent, ordered list of what is needed to improve the product.

Who should know the most about the progress toward a business objective or a release, and be able to explain the alternatives most clearly?

The Product Owner

During a Sprint, a Developer determines that the Scrum Team will not be able to complete the items in their forecast. Who should be present to review and adjust the Product Backlog items selected?

The Product Owner and the Developers

How important is it for a Product Owner to order Product Backlog items by using value points?

The Product Owner may order the Product Backlog by using value points or select another technique, the decision is up to them.

Who is on the Scrum Team?

The Scrum Master Developers The Product Owner

Product Backlog items are refined by:

The Scrum Team

The Developers should not be interrupted during the Sprint and the Sprint Goal should remain intact. These are conditions that foster creativity, quality and productivity.

The Sprint Backlog is fully formulated in the Sprint Planning event and does not change during the Sprint.

What is code coverage?

The degree to which the system under test has been exercised by tests.

You are on a Scrum Team that is enhancing an existing product. Which is the LEAST useful piece of documentation you want to have at your disposal?

The full history of retrospective plans and lessons learned.

Is the Product Owner required to be present at the Sprint Retrospective?

Their attendance is mandatory. The Sprint Retrospective is an opportunity for the Scrum Team to assess and improve itself.

What is the main reason for the Scrum Master to be at the Daily Scrum?

They do not have to be there; they only need to ensure the Developers have a Daily Scrum.

Which of these metrics is most valuable for Sprint Planning?

Throughput

What is the value of refactoring code?

To improve readability and maintainability

Which is a benefit of establishing naming standards for code?

To make the code more readable.

What is the principal value of releasing an Increment?

To validate assumptions made when developing the product.

Scrum Events, Scrum Team Accountabilities, and Scrum Artifacts are augmented when using Scrum with Kanban. For example, having a clear indicator of the age of active Sprint Backlog items may help the Scrum Team during the Daily Scrum, helping them to better inspect and Adapt their daily work.

True

The purpose of a Sprint is to produce a valuable and useful Increment of working product

True

True or False: A Service Level Expectation (SLE) target reflects the Scrum Team's aspirations toward a reliable cycle time.

True

True or False: Cycle Time is a lagging indicator.

True

True or False: Developers may also serve on the Nexus Integration Team.

True

True or False: In a flow-based system, the number of tasks is not necessarily limited, rather the amount of value-generating work items is limited.

True

True or False: When it comes to using Kanban for the Sprint Backlog, the Developers own the way they work as well as their Definition of "their" Workflow.

True

True or False: Work Item Age is a leading indicator for the length of the Scrum Team's feedback loop for that (in progress) item.

True

When using Scrum with Kanban you can release multiple times during the Sprint.

True

The Developers should have all the skills needed to:

Turn the Product Backlog items they select into an Increment of useful and valuable product functionality.

Which description best fits the role of the Product Owner?

Value Maximizer

The Product Backlog is ordered by:

Whatever is deemed most appropriate by the Product Owner Feedback: The Product Owner is accountable for effective Product Backlog management. The Product Backlog is an emergent, ordered list of what is needed to improve the product. It is the single source of work undertaken by the Scrum Team.

When does a Sprint conclude?

When the Sprint Retrospective is complete.

Which statement describes how often the build should be executed?

Whenever new or modified code is pushed to the version control system

What should Developers do if the Product Owner is unavailable?

Within the Sprint, the Developers make the best decisions possible to assure progress toward the Sprint Goal, re-aligning with the Product Owner once they are available again.