Newton's Laws of Motion - Acceleration, Speed, Velocity

Velocity

Speed plus direction is called...

Force & Mass

The amount of acceleration depends on both _________ and the ______ according to Newton's Second Law.

Answer: D - both A and C Speed & Direction

The term ACCELERATION could be: a. A change in an object's speed b. An object at rest c. A change in an object's direction d. Both A and C

increase speed, gravity, direction, and velocity

Things that affect acceleration:

Acceleration

This describes how fast speed is changing.

1. distance traveled 2. The time taken

To determine speed, you need to know 2 things:

Direction

Velocity is the speed of an object including what?

Velocity

What describes both directions and speed?

Acceleration

What is a change in an object's velocity of a specific period of time?

Friction

What is a force that acts in a direction opposite to the motion of the moving object?

Position

What is a location within a space (such as a football field)?

Force

What is a push or pull, or any action that has the ability to change motion?

Gravity

What is increases the acceleration process?

Deacceleration

What is opposite of acceleration?

Velocity

What is speed in a given direction?

Acceleration

What is the change in velocity?

Acceleration = Velocity (speed) / Time

What is the formula for Acceleration?

Velocity (Speed) = Distance (D) / Time (T)

What is the formula for Velocity (speed)?

Average Acceleration = Final Velocity - Initial Velocity divide by Time

What is the formula for average acceleration?

Newton (N)

What is the metric unit of force?

Inertia

What is the property of an object that resists changes in its motion?

Velocity

What is the speed or rate at which an object changes position?

Friction

What slows down the acceleration process?

Friction

What will cause a moving object to slow down and finally stop?

Examples of Newton's 1st Law

When a car stops short we keep going, why we need seat-belts in cars and planes

Example of Newton's 3rd Law

A rocket launches into space and the jet propulsion accelerates out from the rocket and the rocket accelerates in the opposite direction

Example of Newton's 1st Law

A magician pulls a tablecloth off a table and the dishes and dinner on the table don't move

Speed

A measure of how "quickly" an object gets from one place to another.

Direction and Velocity

Acceleration depends on 2 things:

Newton's 1st Law

An object at rest will remain at rest unless acted on by an outside force. An object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an outside force.

Velocity (speed) = 58 meter / .5 seconds answer: 116 m/s

Calculate: An alert driver can apply the brakes fully in about .5 seconds (s). If the car traveled 58 meters after the brakes were applied, what was the velocity of the car before breaking, in m/s?

Speed = 400 (d) / 8 (t) answer: 50 mph

Calculate: During summer vacation, Juan traveled a total distance of 400 miles. His trip took 8 hours. What was the average speed during the trip in miles per hour (mph)?

Velocity = subtract the difference 25.0 - 9.0 16 divide by 5.0 = average acceleration is 3.2 m/s

Calculate: If the velocity of a moving car increases from 9.0 m/s to 25.0 m/s in the span of 5.0 seconds, what is the average acceleration during this time period in m/s ?

Speed = Distance / Time Speed = 18 m / 2 sec = 9 m/s

Calculate: A bowling ball moves 18 meters every 2 seconds down the lane at a bowling alley. What is the speed of the bowling ball?

Speed = Distance/Time 300 / 6 = 50 mph

Calculate: A car travels 300 km in 6 hours. What is its speed?

Distance x Time 800 x 9 = 7200 km

Calculate: How far can a plane travel if it flies at a speed of 800 km/hr for 9 hours?

Time = Distance / Speed 500 divide 50 = 10 hours

Calculate: How long does it take a ship to go 500 km if it travels at a speed of 50 km/hr?

Newton's 3rd Law

For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.

Newton's 2nd Law

Force = Mass x Acceleration

Example of Newton's 2nd Law

Heavy objects with more mass need more force to move than lighter objects

Force = Mass times Acceleration

How do you calculate Force?

Speed

How fast I am moving? Is called...

D = all of the above the ground, car, and speed

When a police officer is trying to decide if a driver is speeding, what is his point of reference? a. The ground b. His car c. The speed limit d. All of the above Point of Reference = an object or position near the object in motion.

Example of Newton's 3rd Law

When you push against a wall it pushes back at you with the same amount of force and it goes nowhere.

Example of Newton's 2nd Law

Which Law: Pushing a heavy man on a swing is harder than pushing a baby

Newton's 1st Law of Motion

Which of Newton's Laws of Motion says, "An object at rest will stay at rest and an object in motion will continue in motion with the same speed and direction UNLESS acted on by a force."

Answer: C both 1 & 3 A trash truck takes off from the curb An airplane banks to circle around the airport.

Which of these 3 situations is the object accelerating? 1. A trash truck takes off from the curb. 2. A book rest on a shelf. 3. An airplane banks to circle around the airport. A. Only 1 B. Only 2 C. Both 1 & 3 D. 1, 2 & 3

Answer: B - Applies pressure to the brake pedal.

Which words help you determine the meaning of the word DECELERATE? a. Velocity can be constant, or it can change. b. Applies pressure to the brake pedal. c. The car will slow down. d. Stuck in weekend traffic.

The more mass an object has, the greater its inertia is. A much greater force would be needed to change the real cars velocity.

Which would have greater inertia? A toy car or a real car? Why would there be a difference?

Gravity and Force of Motion

Why does a baseball flying through the air eventually slows down, fall to the ground, and roll to a stop? What are 2 factors at work?