NUR Fundamentals II CH 3 Health Wellness & Health Disparities

Risk factors for illness are divided into six categories. Working with carcinogenic chemicals is an example of which type of risk factor?

Environmental risk factor

Which behaviors are necessary for a person to successfully adapt to a chronic illness? Select all that apply.

Learn to live as normally as possible Maintain a positive self-concept Maintain a sense of hope

The nurse is giving a talk to a local community group on the harms of smoking. The nurse tells the group that a risk factor is something that increases a person's chances for illness or injury. What type of risk factor is smoking?

Modifiable

The nurse is caring for a client admitted to the hospital with pneumonia and associated pleuritic chest pain. Which would be a priority when creating the nursing care plan?

Monitoring airway clearance.

What level of prevention is represented by educating a group of clients on carseat safety?

Primary prevention

The nurse is certified in providing Therapeutic Touch and is preparing to initiate this for a client. What activity should the nurse perform first?

Requesting the client's permission to touch the body

The emergency department nurse is preparing a care plan for a young child who has suffered a fractured arm after a bicycle accident. Which factor should the nurse consider including in the care plan for this child to best address this issue?

applying for Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP)

A 47-year-old woman is traveling overseas on vacation with her husband. He has a sore throat that has been diagnosed as Streptococcus. The woman is the:

host.

A nurse is caring for a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The nurse explains to the client that COPD is a chronic disease. Why is COPD considered a chronic disease?

It has a gradual onset and lasts for a long time.

Which nursing activity reflects secondary prevention?

Making a referral for a mammogram

While providing client care, a nurse determines that a client adheres to the health belief model. What would the nurse need to assess as a factor possibly affecting the client's response to illness?

Personality characteristics

The nurse is preparing to talk to a local community group regarding chronic illness. The nurse informs the group that both external and internal factors influence a person's health. When discussing the fact that the male client has a higher chance of developing lung cancer due to his gender, which dimension is the nurse referring to?

Physical dimension

The nurse is holding a cholesterol screening at a local pharmacy this Saturday morning. What level(s) of health promotion is this screening an example of?

Secondary

Consultation and diagnostic tests are included in which level of health care?

Secondary care

A mammogram represents which level of prevention?

Secondary prevention

Which needs are being met when a nurse recommends a senior citizen community center for an older client who is living alone?

Sociocultural needs

A nurse assists the client in the development of a healthy lifestyle. The adoption of these lifestyle changes in the client's life is considered:

self-care.

A nurse observes that a client who has pneumonia is in the recovery and rehabilitation stage of the illness. Which statement describes the client response that the nurse would expect at this stage of the illness?

The client gives up the dependent role.

What are some examples of healthy self-care behaviors everyone should adopt? Select all that apply.

Sleeping 7 to 8 hours each night Eating regular healthy meals Maintaining an ideal body weight

A client has been admitted to the hospital for treatment of pancreatitis secondary to alcoholism. The client states that it is nearly impossible to quit drinking because of the deep entrenchment of alcohol use in the client's circle of friends and line of work. As well, the client claims to have thought that drinking only beer and foregoing hard alcohol would prevent health problems. This client is exhibiting health consequences rooted in which human dimensions?

Sociocultural and intellectual

When chronic illnesses and disabilities are present, individuals benefit most from activities that:

help them maintain independence.

How can the nurse best demonstrate being a role model for health promotion?

Avoid smoking and drinking alcohol

The nurse practitioner is discussing health promotion with a group of senior nursing students. What would be the best example of secondary health promotion?

Family counseling

When providing care to a client, the nurse integrates knowledge that a client's beliefs and actions are related and influenced by the client's personal expectations in relation to health and illness. The nurse is demonstrating an understanding of which health model?

Health belief model

What have the models of health promotion and illness prevention been used for?

To help health care providers understand health-related behaviors.

Which are characteristics of chronic conditions? (Select all that apply.)

Are rarely curable Require lifelong management Have a prolonged course

The nurse is planning care for several clients in an outpatient clinic. Which client requires follow-up care due to a chronic condition?

A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who is wheezing and coughing

Chronic illness may be characterized by periods of remission. Remission is best defined as:

the presence of a disease with the absence of symptoms.

Which nursing intervention is an example of tertiary preventive care?

Assisting with speech therapy a client with a traumatic brain injury

Which nursing activity reflects care given on the tertiary level of healthcare delivery?

Assisting with transplant surgery

An older adult patient has been recently diagnosed with vascular dementia. Because the client lives alone and has poorly controlled hypertension, the client has begun to receive home healthcare. This new aspect of the client's care is characteristic of which stage of illness?

Assuming a dependent role

The nurse recognizes that the client who makes the decision to accept a new diagnosis and follow the prescribed treatment plan is in which stage of an illness?

Stage 3-Assuming a dependent role

A nurse is caring for a client who has COPD, a chronic illness of the lungs. The client is in remission. Which statement best describes a period of remission in a client with a chronic illness?

Symptoms are not experienced.

The nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of heart failure. This admission is the client's third admission within 90 days. The nurse educates the client with the goal of preventing readmission. Which nursing activity for this client would represent tertiary level prevention?

Teaching about adhering to a low-sodium diet

A nurse is caring for a 17-year-old client whose left leg was amputated after being crushed in a motor vehicle accident. Which intervention might the nurse perform to address the client's intellectual dimension?

Teaching her how to care for the stump and explaining the rehabilitation program

A nurse refers an HIV-positive client to a local support group. This is an example of what level of preventive care?

Tertiary

A client has had a total knee replacement and is receiving care that includes learning to walk with a walker. What level of prevention is most applicable to this client?

Tertiary prevention

When first diagnosed with cancer, a client was depressed and complained of feeling sick. Now the client has adapted to the diagnosis, recently returned to work, and, since undergoing chemotherapy, reports feeling better than ever. The nurse recognizes that which model of health promotion is most effective in explaining this client's situation?

The Health-Illness Continuum Model

A 13-year-old client with cystic fibrosis who is being discharged confides in the nurse that her parents argue a lot. Sometimes, her mother has too much to drink and starts throwing things at people. At times she gets scared her mom will hurt someone. She feels as if she is causing her parents to fight and her mom to drink because she is always in the hospital. She also worries about getting a bad grade in school due to her many absences and not getting into a good college. According to Maslow's hierarchy of human needs, which issue should take priority when caring for this client?

The client feels scared that her mother will hurt someone.

An older adult client who has been hospitalized due to a stroke is about to be discharged from a rehabilitation center where the client had to relearn how to perform activities of daily living, including feeding and dressing. The client has often voiced a desire to be as active as possible. The client now expresses a strong desire to go home. The nurse recognizes that these statements made by the client indicate that the client is:

giving up the dependent role.

The body's attempt to restore balance through self-regulatory mechanisms is termed:

homeostasis.

The nurse instructor has completed a session detailing major factors differentiating exacerbations from remissions. The instructor determines the session is successful when the students point out which factor(s) can contribute to exacerbations? Select all that apply.

immune system is functioning poorly sleep has been disrupted due to family issues client is facing a potential eviction

When caring for a client who has just been diagnosed with a chronic illness, the nurse understands the importance of promoting health by highlighting which concept?

Focus on what is possible.

What is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity?

Health

A nurse is planning a health fair in the community to highlight promotion and prevention of the leading cause of death in the United States. Which disease process should the nurse address?

Coronary artery disease

Which are factors that impact how a client defines health? Select all that apply.

Family Culture Community Society

Which client growth needs are included in the love and belonging level of Maslow's hierarchy? (Select all that apply.)

Family Intimacy Friendships

The nurse is working in an acute care setting and performs primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention. Which activity performed by the nurse is classified as tertiary prevention?

Instructing a client on how to use crutches

The nurse in a free clinic caring for clients uses the Health Belief Model, which is based on three components. What is the main focus for this model?

What people believe to be true about their health

An older adult patient has been recently diagnosed with vascular dementia. Because the client lives alone and has poorly controlled hypertension, the client has begun to receive home healthcare. This new aspect of the client's care is characteristic of which stage of illness? Assuming a dependent role A client makes a decision to quit smoking and joins a smoking cessation class. This is an example of which of Dunn's processes that helps one know who and what one is?

Befitting

Why are health promotion and illness prevention a key responsibility of nurses?

Chronic illnesses are the leading health problem in the world.

What is a misconception about chronic disease?

Chronic illnesses cannot be prevented.