NURS 100 Pre-Quiz 3

Match the activities listed with the appropriate functional level of ability: a. Takes medications as prescribed b. Balances the checkbook c. Cleans the house d. Uses a cane e. Bathes daily f. Dresses self for instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) for basic activities of daily living (BADLs)

Match the activities listed with the appropriate functional level of ability: a. Takes medications as prescribed for instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) b. Balances the checkbook for instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) c. Cleans the house for instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) d. Uses a cane for basic activities of daily living (BADLs) e. Bathes daily for basic activities of daily living (BADLs) f. Dresses self for basic activities of daily living (BADLs)

A nurse is teaching a patient about the Speak Up Initiatives. Which information should the nurse include in the teaching session? a. If you still do not understand, ask again. b. Ask a nurse to be your advocate or supporter. c. The nurse is the center of the health care team. d. Inappropriate medical tests are the most common mistakes.

a. If you still do not understand, ask again. If you still do not understand, ask again is part of the S portion of the Speak Up Initiatives. Speak up if you have questions or concerns.

Which teaching strategy is best to utilize with older adult patients? a. Provide several topics of discussion at once to promote independence and making choices. b. Avoid uncomfortable silences after questions by helping patients complete their statements. c. Ask patients to recall past experiences that correspond with their interests. d. Speak in a high pitch to help patients hear better.

c. Ask patients to recall past experiences that correspond with their interests. Teaching strategies include the use of past experiences to connect new learning with previous knowledge, focusing on a single topic to help the patient concentrate, giving the patient enough time in which to respond because older adults' reaction times are longer than those of younger persons, and keeping the tone of voice low; older adults are able to hear low sounds better than high-frequency sounds.

A patient tells the nurse that he experiences daytime fatigue even after 7-8 hours of sleep each night. What is the best assessment question for the nurse to ask? a. Have you tried getting 10 hours of sleep instead of 8 hours? b. How long are you in the rapid eye movement (REM) stage? c. Do you also have any recent lifestyle or behavior changes? d. Do any of your close relatives have any sleep disorders?

c. Do you also have any recent lifestyle or behavior changes? The best question to elicit the most pertinent information is "Do you also have any recent lifestyle or behavior changes?" The patient is getting 7-9 hours/sleep each night, which is expected for the average adult. The patient will not be able to recall an unconscious state such as REM sleep. The patient may have close relatives with sleep disorders but this does not necessarily affect the patient's own sleep habits.

The nurse questions a health care provider's decision to not tell the patient about a cancer diagnosis. Which ethical principle is the nurse trying to uphold for the patient? a. Consequentialism b. Autonomy c. Fidelity d. Justice

b. Autonomy The nurse is upholding autonomy. Autonomy refers to the freedom to make decisions free of external control. Respect for patient autonomy refers to the commitment to include patients in decisions about all aspects of care. Consequentialism is focused on the outcome and is a philosophical approach. Justice refers to fairness and is most often used in discussions about access to health care resources. Fidelity refers to the agreement to keep promises.

When choosing an appropriate topic for a young adult health fair, the nurse ranks which topic as least relevant? a. Unplanned pregnancies b. Menopause and climacteric factors c. Smoking cessation d. Alcohol and drug use

b. Menopause and climacteric factors The onset of menopause and the climacteric affect the sexual health of the middle adult, not the young adult.

A home health nurse is providing care to a middle-aged couple with children at home. The patient has a debilitating chronic illness. Which areas will the nurse need to assess? (Select all that apply.) a. Adherence to treatment and rehabilitation regimens b. Coping mechanisms of patient and family c. Need for community services or referrals d. Knowledge base of patient only e. Use of a doula for care

??? a. Adherence to treatment and rehabilitation regimens b. Coping mechanisms of patient and family c. Need for community services or referrals d. Knowledge base of patient only It would be important to also assess the developmental level of the children to plan for teaching. The assessment of a doula in this scenario would not be appropriate.

Which cultural variables are most likely to provide information about a patient's culture? (Select all that apply.) a. Ethnicity. b. Healing beliefs. c. Family systems. d. Respirations. e. Food choices.

??? a. Ethnicity. b. Healing beliefs. c. Family systems. e. Food choices. Respect cultural differences; remember that cultural differences influence a patient's behaviors. Consider the patient's health beliefs, relationships with family and ethnocultural groups. Respirations are a physiological data measurement, not a cultural data point.

A nurse is using different strategies to meet older patients' psychosocial needs. Match the strategy the nurse is using to its description. a. Therapeutic communication b. Reality orientation c. Reminiscence d. Validation therapy e. Body image Listening to the patient's past recollections Improving level of awareness Offering help with grooming and hygiene Accepting describing of patient's perspective Respecting the older adult's uniqueness

Therapeutic communication: Respecting the older adult's uniqueness Reality orientation: Improving level of awareness Reminiscence: Listening to the patient's past recollections Validation therapy: Accepting describing of patient's perspective Body image: Offering help with grooming and hygiene

Which of the following statements by a new graduate nurse should be corrected by an experienced nurse? a. "Most older patients are ill and disabled. That's why we care for so many of them in the hospital." b. "Older adults are many times still interested in sexual relations." c. "Patients over age 65 are still lifelong learners." d. "Many older adult patients remain independent enough to live alone."

a. "Most older patients are ill and disabled. That's why we care for so many of them in the hospital." Although many experience chronic conditions or have at least one disability that limits their performance of activities of daily living, in 2004, 37.4% of non-institutionalized older adults assessed their health as excellent or very good. Older adults do report continued enjoyment of sexual relationships. Although changes in vision or hearing and reduced energy and endurance sometimes affect the process of learning, older adults are lifelong learners. Most older adults live in non-institutional settings with family members or alone.

A nurse is assessing the health care disparities among population groups. Which area is the nurse monitoring? a. Accessibility of health care services b. Outcomes of health conditions c. Prevalence of complications d. Incidence of diseases

a. Accessibility of health care services While health disparities are the differences among populations in the incidence, prevalence, and outcomes of health conditions, diseases and related complications, health care disparities are differences among populations in the availability, accessibility, and quality of health care services (e.g. screening, diagnostic, treatment, management, and rehabilitation) aimed at prevention, treatment, and management of diseases and their complications.

When asked to describe the differences between ethnicity and race, what should the student nurse explain? a. Ethnicity refers to a shared identity, whereas race is limited to biological attributes. b. Ethnicity and race are actually the same and are based in cultural norms. c. Ethnicity can be understood only through an ethic worldview. d. Race refers to a shared identity, whereas ethnicity is limited to biological attributes.

a. Ethnicity refers to a shared identity, whereas race is limited to biological attributes. Ethnicity refers to a shared identity related to social and cultural heritage such as values, language, geographical space, and racial characteristics. Ethnicity is different from race, which is limited to the common biological attributes shared by a group such as skin color or blood type.

Eliminating disparities in the health status of people from diverse racial, ethnic, and cultural backgrounds has become one of the two most important priorities of Healthy People 2020 because populations with health disparities have a. Increased incidence of disease. b. Lower levels of morbidity. c. Lower mortality rates. d. Decreased incidence of disease.

a. Increased incidence of disease. Populations with health disparities have a significantly increased incidence of disease or increased morbidity and mortality when compared with the general population.

A nurse is experiencing an ethical dilemma with a patient. Which information indicates the nurse has a correct understanding of the primary cause of ethical dilemmas? a. Unequal power b. Presence of conflicting values c. Judgmental perceptions of patients d. Poor communication with the patient

b. Presence of conflicting values Ethical dilemmas almost always occur in the presence of conflicting values.

When caring for a patient of a different culture, it is important for the nurse to understand that (Select all that apply.) a. The nurse should protect the patient from family intrusion in her health care decisions. b. Working within the established family hierarchy produces better outcomes. c. Women as primary caregivers make independent health decisions. d. Gender is a factor when it comes to role expectations.

b. Working within the established family hierarchy produces better outcomes. Working with established family hierarchy prevents delays and achieves better patient outcomes. Nurses need to determine who has authority for making decisions within the family and how to communicate with the proper individuals. Do not assume that just because the woman is the primary caregiver, she will make decisions independently. Determine the family social hierarchy as soon as possible. Gender also differentiates role expectations.

A nurse is teaching a culturally diverse patient with a learning disability about nutritional needs. What must the nurse do first before starting the teaching session? a. Obtain pictures of food. b. Get an interpreter. c. Establish a rapport. d. Refer to a dietitian.

c. Establish a rapport. Establishing trust is important for all patients, especially culturally diverse and learning disabled patients, before starting teaching sessions. Obtaining pictures of food, getting an interpreter, and referring to a dietitian all occur after rapport/trust is established.

The nurse best supports the patient dealing with bioethical issues by a. Explaining the drawbacks of the issue. b. Providing physical care. c. Serving as a patient advocate. d. Serving as a spiritual counselor.

c. Serving as a patient advocate. Nurses should feel empowered through their roles as primary patient advocates to voice their morality in the face of a new century that promises sweeping changes in health care delivery. Nurse must speak in support of patient choice and self-determination in the era of managed care. Nurses must monitor legislation that affects health care and study current issues.

The nurse learns about cultural issues involved in the patient's health care belief system and enables patients and families to achieve meaningful and supportive care. Which concept is the nurse demonstrating? a. Marginalized groups b. Health care disparity c. Transcultural nursing d. Culturally congruent care

d. Culturally congruent care The nurse is demonstrating culturally congruent care. Culturally congruent care, or care that fits a person's life patterns, values, and system of meaning, provides meaningful and beneficial nursing care. Marginalized groups are populations left out or excluded. Health care disparities are differences among populations in the availability, accessibility, and quality of health care services (e.g. screening, diagnostic, treatment, management, and rehabilitation) aimed at prevention, treatment, and management of diseases and their complications. Transcultural nursing is a comparative study of cultures in order to understand their similarities (culture that is universal) and the differences among them (culture that is specific to particular groups).

What is the best suggestion a nurse could make to a family requesting help in selecting a local nursing center? a. Suggest choosing a nursing center that is as sanitary as possible. The closer the center is to hospital standards, the better. b. Have family members evaluate nursing home staff according to their ability to get tasks done efficiently. c. Make sure that nursing home staff members get patients out of bed every day for the entire day. d. Explain that it is probably best for the family to visit the center and inspect it personally.

d. Explain that it is probably best for the family to visit the center and inspect it personally. An important step in the process of selecting a nursing home is to visit the nursing home. The nursing home should not feel like a hospital. It is a home, a place where people live. Members of the nursing home staff should focus on the person, not the task. Residents should be out of bed and dressed according to their preferences, not staff preferences.

When performing a thorough psychosocial assessment on a young adult, what must the nurse realize? a. Having a job is the best way to relieve stress. b. Although psychologically disturbing, stress does not lead to physical illness. c. Change is inevitable and is not a factor in stress-related illness. d. Psychosocial health is often related to job and family stress.

d. Psychosocial health is often related to job and family stress. The psychosocial health concerns of the young adult are often related to job and family stressors. If stress is prolonged and the patient is unable to adapt to the stressor, health problems will develop.