NURS 1240 Culture & Diversity EAQ

Which client seen at a health fair will be most at risk for hypertension? - 23-year-old white man - 44-year-old white woman - 50-year-old Mexican-American woman - 62-year-old African American man

62-year-old African American man rationale: African Americans have the highest risk for hypertension; before the age of 45, men are at higher risk than women. A 23-year-old white man would be a low risk for hypertension. A 44-year-old white woman would be a somewhat higher risk, but still much less than an African American man or woman. Mexican-American clients are less likely to seek treatment for hypertension, but they are not at higher risk than African Americans.

The nurse records the client's weight and body mass index (BMI) at a healthy range, but the client states, "I wish I were as thin as my coworkers." Which culturally bound condition is the client at risk for developing? - Neurasthenia - Anorexia nervosa - Shenjing shuairuo - Ataque de nervios

Anorexia nervosa rationale: Anorexia nervosa is a Western culture-bound eating disorder characterized by obsession with body image. A client who continues to follow weight loss diets despite being a healthy weight may be at risk for malnutrition. The client with neurasthenia may feel a lack of energy but not necessarily from following a strict diet to maintain body image. Shenjing shuairuo is a condition associated with Chinese culture that focuses on a weakness of nerves and is not associated with eating disorders or body image. Ataque de nervios is a Latino-Caribbean culture-bound syndrome and is not associated with body image.

Which cultural group adopts a combination of dietary, herbal, and other naturalistic therapies to prevent and treat illness? - East Asian - Hispanic - Asian Indian - Native American

Asian Indian rationale: Asian Indians rely on a combination of dietary, herbal, and other naturalistic therapies to prevent and treat illness. East Asians use yin treatment (which uses needles to restore balance and flow of gi) and yang treatment (which uses moxibustion or heat with acupuncture to restore the yin yang balance). Hispanics use a combination of prayers, herbs, and other rituals to treat traditional illnesses. Native Americans rely on a combination of prayers, chanting, and herbs to treat illnesses caused by supernatural, psychological, and physical factors.

When teaching the staff about how the health care provider strives to work effectively within the cultural context of a client, which cultural principle is the nurse leader explaining? - Cultural diversity - Cultural sensitivity - Cultural imposition - Cultural competence

Cultural competence rationale: Cultural competence is the process in which the health care provider strives to achieve the ability to work effectively within the cultural context of a client, individual, family, or community. Cultural diversity describes a vast range of cultural differences among individuals or groups. Cultural sensitivity describes the affective behaviors in individuals such as the capacity to feel, convey, and react to ideas, habits, and customs or traditions unique to a group of people. Cultural imposition is defined as the tendency of an individual or group to impose their values, beliefs, and practices on another culture for various reasons.

Which factor increases an adolescent's risk for injury in the community? - Employment - Eating disorders - Sleep deprivation - Distracted driving

Distracted driving rationale: Studies show 60% of teens report texting and emailing while driving. Employment, eating disorders, and sleep deprivation are not factors that increase the risk of injury in the community setting.

When the nurse labeled an African-American client as a drug abuser for requesting pain medication, which behavior did the nurse demonstrate? - Ethnocentrism - Multiculturalism - Cultural encounter - Cultural imposition

Ethnocentrism rationale: Ethnocentrism is the tendency of a person to hold their own beliefs superior to those of other people, Ethnocentrism causes biases and prejudices in regard to people from other groups. This practice is transmitted by cultural groups from one generation to another. In multiculturalism, two cultures coexist and are accepted by the individual. In a cultural encounter, part of cultural competence, the nurse engages in cross-cultural interactions for effective communication. Cultural imposition occurs when the nurse or health care provider ignores the differences between his or her own culture and others, imposing his or her beliefs on people of other cultures.

Which consideration would the nurse incorporate when planning care regarding the past experiences of clients who have immigrated? - Inherited traits are more important than past experiences. - Immigrants can acculturate if past experiences are minimized. - It is important to first assess immigrants" values and beliefs. - Immigrants' interactional patterns are permanently established.

It is important to first assess immigrants" values and beliefs. rationale: Past experiences are important and must be recognized because they help set the individual's values and beliefs throughout life. Past experiences enrich our lives; acculturation does not have to come at the expense of memories and personal history. The amount of influence of inherited traits versus past experiences is difficult to quantify; any person would be affected by both factors. Although past experiences play an important role in an individual's life, new experiences influence current and future interactions

Which culturally based behavior would the nurse expect to observe in an Asian client who has symptoms of anxiety and panic? - Reluctance to take medication - Minimal eye contact - Desire to have an Asian nurse - Offense at being touched

Minimal eye contact rationale: As a show of respect, people in Asian cultures tend to make little eye contact, particularly with people perceived as authority figures. People from Asian cultures are accustomed to taking medication, herbs, and other complementary therapies, so the nurse would assess before administering medication. Health care professionals with the same cultural background may be preferred, but the nurse would assess if language barriers are the chief concern. If a client is highly anxious or having symptoms of a panic attack, the nurse would not use touch, regardless of the cultural background or ethnicity.

A new mother says to the nurse, I would like to care for my baby independently rather than depending on the baby's grandparents. From this information, which culture would the nurse infer that the new mother belongs to? - Asian culture - African culture - North American culture - Latin American culture

North American culture rationale: People who belong to North American and Western European cultures generally possess individualistic characteristics. People who belong to Asian, African, and Latin American cultures generally do not possess individualistic characteristics, instead, they have a collectivistic approach. The new mother who belongs to any of these cultures, other than the North American culture, may depend on elder family members for child-rearing.

Which key factor assists the nurse in assessing how a client will cope with the body image change after an above-the-knee amputation? - Extent of the change - Suddenness of the change - Obviousness of the change - Personal perception of the change

Personal perception of the change rationale: The reality of a situation is not the important issue at this time, but the client's feelings or perceptions about the change are the most important determinant of the client's ability to cope. The extent of change is not. relevant; what is relevant is whether the client perceives the change as enormous or less important. Although suddenness of the change may influence a person's coping ability, this is not the primary factor influencing a client's coping mechanisms with body image changes. Although obviousness of the change may influence a person's coping ability, this is not the primary factor influencing coping mechanisms with body image changes.

Which adolescent behavior increases the risk of injury? Select all that apply. - Poor diet - Substance abuse - Unprotected sex - Sedentary lifestyle - Increased screen time

Substance abuse; Unprotected sex rationale: Behaviors that increase an adolescent's risk for injury include substance abuse and unprotected sexual intercourse. Poor diet, sedentary lifestyle, and increased screen time increase the risk for obesity, not injury.

Which risky adolescent behavior has increased in occurrence in recent years? - Binge drinking alcohol - Having unprotected sex - Using electronic vapor products - Experimentation with hard drugs

Using electronic vapor products rationale: The use of electronic vapor products is on the rise. Almost 50% of adolescents report using these products. Binge drinking alcohol, having unprotected sex, and experimenting with hard drugs are ongoing, but have not increased over time.

Which initial purpose would value clarification serve? - Client becomes aware of personal values - Client values information related to needs - Client clarifies decisions related to health - Client alters value system to meet social norms

Client becomes aware of personal values rationale: Value clarification is a technique that reveals an individual's values; this process increases awareness and effect of personal values on others. Valuing information, clarifying health decisions, and altering value systems may eventually occur through value clarification but are not expected to occur in the initial phase.

Which concept would the nurse consider when caring for school-aged children who are obese? - Enjoyment of specific foods is inherited. - There are familial influences on childhood eating habits. - Childhood obesity is usually not a predictor of adult obesity - Children with obese parents are destined to become obese themselves

There are familial influences on childhood eating habits. rationale: Studies have demonstrated that culture and family eating habits have an impact on a child's eating habits. Inheritance is not known to influence eating habits, although it is believed that other hereditary factors are associated with obesity. Childhood obesity is a known predictor of adult obesity. Children with obese parents are not necessarily destined to become obese themselves.

The nurse hired to work in a metropolitan hospital provides services for a culturally diverse population. One of the nurses on the unit says: "It is the nurses' responsibility to discourage these people from bringing all that alternative medicine stuff to their family members." Which response by the primary nurse is correct? - "Hospital policies should put a stop to this." - "Everyone should conform to the prevailing culture." - "Nontraditional approaches to health care can be beneficial." - "You are right because they alternative medicine may have a negative effect on people's health

"Nontraditional approaches to health care can be beneficial." rationale: Studies demonstrate that some nontraditional therapies are effective. Culturally competent professionals should be knowledgeable about other cultures and beliefs. Many health care facilities are incorporating both Western and nontraditional therapies. The statement "Everyone should conform to the prevailing culture" does not value diversity. The statement "You are right because alternative medicine may have a negative effect on people's health" is judgmental and prejudicial. Some cultural practices may bring comfort to the client and may be beneficial, and they may not interfere with traditional therapy.

Which question is the most therapeutic to ask the parents of a 3-year-old child who has just died? - 'Do you feel ready to allow us to move your child to the morgue?' - 'Would you like to discuss your decision about organ donation?' - 'Would you like to talk about how you'll tell your other children?' - 'Can I be of any help with traditional practices that are important to you?

'Can I be of any help with traditional practices that are important to you? rationale: The nurse should be sensitive to any cultural or religious beliefs that may help the parents cope with their grief. Immediately discussing the morgue or organ donation is insensitive to the parents' grief. The parents are too involved with their own grief at this time to consider their other children's grief.

A Spanish-speaking client is being cared for by English-speaking nursing staff. Which communication technique would be correct for the nurse to use when discussing health care decisions with the client? - Contact an interpreter provided by the hospital. - Contact the client's family member to translate for the client. - Communicate with the client using Spanish phrases the nurse learned in a college course. - Communicate with the client with the use of a hospital-approved Spanish dictionary.

Contact an interpreter provided by the hospital rationale: Interpreters provided by the health care organization should be used to communicate with clients with limited English proficiency to ensure accuracy of communicated information. In hospital settings, it is not suitable for family members to translate health care information, but they can assist with ongoing interactions during the client's care. The other options do not ensure accurate interpretation of language

A child who has newly arrived from Latin America attends a nursery school where everyone speaks English. The parent is concerned because the child is no longer outgoing and has become passive in the class. What is the probable reason for the child's behavior? - Culture shock - Social immaturity - Experience of discrimination - Lack of interest in school activities

Culture shock rationale: The child learned to think and solve problems in a different culture and language and may feel helpless in the new classroom. There are no data to indicate that social immaturity, discrimination, or lack of interest is the precipitating factor for the child's behavior.

The nurse manager works on a unit where the nursing staff members are uncomfortable providing care for clients from cultures different from their own. Which action would the nurse manager take to address this problem? - Assign articles about various cultures so the nurses may become more knowledgeable. - Relocate the nurses to units where they will not have to provide care for clients from a variety of cultures - Rotate the nurses assignments so they have an equal opportunity to provide care for clients from other cultures - Plan a workshop offering opportunities to learn about the cultures the nurses might encounter while at work.

Plan a workshop offering opportunities to learn about the cultures the nurses might encounter while at work. rationale: A workshop provides an opportunity to discuss cultural diversity; this should include identification of one's own feelings. Also, the workshop provides an opportunity for participants to ask questions. Although articles provide information, they do not promote a discussion about the topic. Relocation is not feasible or desirable; clients from other cultures are found in all settings. Rotating the nurses assignments probably will increase tension on the unit.